中国中东部区域TRMM降水产品降尺度研究及其时空特征分析
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摘要
该研究以中国中东部区域(17°～50°N,98°～135°E)为研究范围,在前人研究基础上,根据水汽与降水之间的关系,基于MOD05水汽产品,采用偏最小二乘法,对中国中东部区域2001—2010年10 a平均TRMM3B43_V 7月降水产品进行降尺度,旨在得到空间分辨率为1 km×1 km的月降水空间分布。通过比较分析,发现该降尺度模型能大幅提高TRMM产品空间分辨率,估算结果平均相对误差为15.35%,与地面观测较接近,能体现中国中东部区域降水宏观分布趋势,且估算结果精度高于前人基于归一化植被指数(NDVI)的降尺度模型,能满足降水产品的精细化需求。
Based on previous studies, according to the relationship between water vapor and precipitation, the MOD05 water vapor product was used in mid-eastern region of China(17°—50°N,98°—135° E) to downscale the average TRMM3 B43 monthly precipitation products from 2001 to 2010 by the partial least squares. The TRMM monthly precipitation product with spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km was obtained. The comparative analysis shows that the downscaling model can greatly improve the spatial resolution of TRMM products. The average relative error of the estimation results is 15.35%, which is close to the ground observations. It can reflect the macroscopic distribution trend of precipitation in mid-eastern region of China, and the accuracy of the estimation results is higher than that of NDVI. The method can meet the refined demand for precipitation products.
Based on previous studies, according to the relationship between water vapor and precipitation, the MOD05 water vapor product was used in mid-eastern region of China(17°—50°N,98°—135° E) to downscale the average TRMM3 B43 monthly precipitation products from 2001 to 2010 by the partial least squares. The TRMM monthly precipitation product with spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km was obtained. The comparative analysis shows that the downscaling model can greatly improve the spatial resolution of TRMM products. The average relative error of the estimation results is 15.35%, which is close to the ground observations. It can reflect the macroscopic distribution trend of precipitation in mid-eastern region of China, and the accuracy of the estimation results is higher than that of NDVI. The method can meet the refined demand for precipitation products.
引文
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[14] 姜红涛,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,阿尔达克·克里木,等.艾比湖流域NDVI变化及其与降水、温度的关系.中国沙漠,2014,34(6):1678-1684.JIANG Hongtao,Tiyip T,Kelimu A,et al.Responses of NDVI to the variation of precipitation and temperature in Ebinur Lake basin.Journal of Desert Research(in Chinese),2014,34(6):1678-1684.
[15] 马新平,尚可政,李佳耘,等.1981—2010年中国西北地区东部大气可降水量的时空变化特征.中国沙漠,2015,35(2):448-455.MA Xinping,SHANG Kezheng,LI Jiayun,et al.Spatial and temporal changes of atmospheric precipitable water in the eastern part of Northwest China from 1981 to 2010.Journal of Desert Research(in Chinese),2015,35(2):448-455.
[16] 任菊章,肖子牛,张万诚,等.西南地区可降水量分布及其与纵向岭谷区降水的关系.气象科学,2013,33(4):442-448.REN Juzhang,XIAO Ziniu,ZHANG Wancheng,et al.Relationship between the air column precipitable water in the southwest area and the rainfall over the longitudinal range-gorge.Journal of the Meteorological Sciences(in Chinese),2013,33(4):442-448.
[17] 余永江.福州市空中水汽资源分布特征及其与降水的关系.水利科技,2013(3):9-10.YU Yongjiang.Distribution characteristics of air water resources in Fuzhou and its relationship with precipitation.Hydraulic Science and Technology(in Chinese),2013(3):9-10.
[18] 潘卫华.福建省大气可降水量分布规律及特征分析中国气象学会.第32届中国气象学会年会S16 地基遥感观测技术与应用.中国气象学会,2015:5.PAN Weihua.Analysis on distribution and characteristics of atmospheric precipitation in Fujian Province.Chinese Meteorological Society(in Chinese),2015:5.
[19] 姜立鹏,覃志豪,谢雯.针对MODIS近红外数据反演大气水汽含量研究.国土资源遥感,2006,18(3):5-9.JIANG Lipeng,QIN Zhihao,XIE Wen.Retrieving atmospheric water vapor from MODIS near infrared data.Remote Sensing for Land&Resources(in Chinese),2006,18(3):5-9.
[20] 李艳永.基于RS和GIS的新疆大气可降水量的反演和估算研究[硕士论文].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2011.LI Yanyong.Study for retrieving and estimating precipitable water vapor of Xinjiang based on RS and GIS[D].Urumqi:Xinjiang Normal University(in Chinese),2011.
[21] 李相虎,张奇,邵敏.基于TRMM数据的鄱阳湖流域降雨时空分布特征及其精度评价.地理科学进展,2012,31(9):1164-1170.LI Xianghu,ZHANG Qi,SHAO Min.Spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation in Poyang lake basin based on TRMM data and precision evaluation.Progress in Geography(in Chinese),2012,31(9):1164-1170.
[22] 邵颖,史岚,张狄,等.雨量计与星载测雨雷达资料结合的降水估算方法.气象科学,2014,34(4):390-396.SHAO Ying,SHI Lan,ZHANG Di,et al.Precipitation estimation by combination of satellite radar data and gauge measurements.Journal of the Meteorological Sciences(in Chinese),2014,34(4):390-396.
[23] 达布希拉图,卢士庆,苏立娟,等.利用MODIS卫星资料监测内蒙古地区大气总水汽量方法研究.干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(5):76-80.Dabuxilatu,LU Shiqing,SU Lijuan,et al.Method for observation of total atmosphere vapor over Inner Mongolia with MODIS data.Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment(in Chinese),2009,23(5):76-80.
[24] 权维俊,陈洪滨,肖稳安.MODIS与NCEP大气可降水量资料的比较分析.大气科学学报,2004,27(2):169-177.QUAN Weijun,CHEN Hongbin,XIAO Wenan.Comparison of atmospheric precipitable water amounts between MODIS and NCEP.Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology(in Chinese),2004,27(2):169-177.
[25] 封彩云,王式功,尚可政,等.中国北方水汽与云和降水的关系.兰州大学学报(自科版),2009,45(4):30-36.FENG Caiyun,WANG Shigong,SHANG Kezheng,et al.Relationship between water vapor with cloud and precipitation in the north China.Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)(in Chinese),2009,45(4):30-36.
[26] 傅抱璞.地形和海拔高度对降水的影响.地理学报,1992,47(4):302-314.FU Baopu.The effects of topography and elevation on precipitation.Acta Geographica Sinica(in Chinese),1992,47(4):302-314.
[27] 史岚.长江流域起伏地形下降水量分布精细化气候估算模型研究[博士论文].南京:南京信息工程大学,2012.SHI Lan.Study on a fine-scale estimating climatic model for the spatial distribution of precipitation over the rugged terrain in Yangze river basin[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology(in Chinese),2012.
[28] 邵颖.中国区域TRMM产品降尺度方法研究[博士论文].南京:南京信息工程大学,2015.SHAO Ying.The study of downscaling method for TRMM product in China Region[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology(in Chinese),2015.
[29] 黄嘉佑,李庆祥.气象数据统计分析方法.气象出版社,2015.HUANG Jiayou,LI Qingxiang.Statistical analysis of meteorological data.China Meteorological Press(in Chinese),2015.
[30] 周顺武,吴萍,王传辉,等.青藏高原夏季上空水汽含量演变特征及其与降水的关系.地理学报,2012,66(11):1466-1478.ZHOU Shunwu,WU Ping,WANG Chuanhui,et al.Spatial distribution of atmospheric water vapor and its relationship with precipitation in summer over the Tibetan Plateau.Acta Geographica Sinica (in Chinese),2012,66(11):1466-1478.
[2] Global precipitation monitoring:CMORPH precipitation.National Weather Service Climate Prediction Center,2005[2011-08-20].http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/janowiak/cmorph.shtml.
[3] Wolff D B,Marks D A,Amitai E,et al.Ground validation for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM).J.Atmos.Oceanic Technol.,2005,22(4):365-380.
[4] 李典,白爱娟,黄盛军.利用TRMM卫星资料对青藏高原地区强对流天气特征分析.高原气象,2012,31(2):304-311.LI Dian,BAI Aijuan,HUANG Shengjun.Characteristic analysis of a severe convective weather over Tibetan plateau on TRMM data.Plateau Meteorology(in Chinese),2012,31(2):304-311.
[5] 张涛,李宝林,何元庆,等.基于TRMM订正数据的横断山区降水时空分布特征.自然资源学报,2015,30(2):260-270.ZHANG Tao,LI Baolin,HE Yuanqing,et al.Spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation based on corrected TRMM data in Hengduan mountains.Journal of Natural Resources(in Chinese),2015,30(2):260-270.
[6] 刘永和,郭维栋,冯锦明,等.气象资料的统计降尺度方法综述.地球科学进展,2011,26(8):837-847.LIU Yonghe,GUO Weidong,FENG Jinming,et al.A summary of methods for statistical downscaling of meteorological data.Advances in Earth Science(in Chinese),2011,26(8):837-847.
[7] 舒守娟,王元,熊安元.中国区域地理、地形因子对降水分布影响的估算和分析.地球物理学报,2007,50(6):1703-1712.SHU Shoujuan,WANG Yuan,XIONG Anyuan.Estimation and analysis for geographic and orographic influences on precipitation distribution in China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,50(6):1703-1712.
[8] 马金辉,屈创,张海筱,等.2001—2010年石羊河流域上游TRMM降水资料的降尺度研究.地理科学进展,2013,32(9):1423-1432.MA Jinhui,QU Chuang,ZHANG Haixiao,et al.Spatial downscaling of TRMM precipitation data based on DEM in the upstream of Shiyang River Basin during 2001—2010.Progress in Geography(in Chinese),2013,32(9):1423-1432.
[9] Immerzeel W W,Rutten M M,Droogers P.Spatial downscaling of TRMM precipitation using vegetative response on the Iberian Peninsula.Remote Sens.Environ.,2009,113(2):362-370.
[10] DUAN Zheng,Bastiaanssen W G M.First results from Version 7 TRMM 3B43 precipitation product in combination with a new downscaling-calibration procedure.Remote Sens.Environ.,2013,131:1-13.
[11] SHI Yuli,SONG Lei,XIA Zhen,et al.Mapping annual precipitation across mainland China in the period 2001—2010 from TRMM3B43 product using spatial downscaling approach.Remote Sens.,2015,7(5):5849-5878.
[12] SHI Yuli,SONG Lei.Spatial downscaling of monthly TRMM precipitation based on EVI and other geospatial variables over the Tibetan plateau from 2001 to 2012.Mount.Res.Dev.,2015,35(2):180-194.
[13] 王晓杰.基于TRMM的天山山区降水降尺度方法及其空间变异特征研究[硕士论文].石河子:石河子大学,2013.WANG Xiaojie.Downscaling method and spatial variability of precipitation in Tianshan mountain based on the TRMM data[D].Shihezi University(in Chinese),2013.
[14] 姜红涛,塔西甫拉提·特依拜,阿尔达克·克里木,等.艾比湖流域NDVI变化及其与降水、温度的关系.中国沙漠,2014,34(6):1678-1684.JIANG Hongtao,Tiyip T,Kelimu A,et al.Responses of NDVI to the variation of precipitation and temperature in Ebinur Lake basin.Journal of Desert Research(in Chinese),2014,34(6):1678-1684.
[15] 马新平,尚可政,李佳耘,等.1981—2010年中国西北地区东部大气可降水量的时空变化特征.中国沙漠,2015,35(2):448-455.MA Xinping,SHANG Kezheng,LI Jiayun,et al.Spatial and temporal changes of atmospheric precipitable water in the eastern part of Northwest China from 1981 to 2010.Journal of Desert Research(in Chinese),2015,35(2):448-455.
[16] 任菊章,肖子牛,张万诚,等.西南地区可降水量分布及其与纵向岭谷区降水的关系.气象科学,2013,33(4):442-448.REN Juzhang,XIAO Ziniu,ZHANG Wancheng,et al.Relationship between the air column precipitable water in the southwest area and the rainfall over the longitudinal range-gorge.Journal of the Meteorological Sciences(in Chinese),2013,33(4):442-448.
[17] 余永江.福州市空中水汽资源分布特征及其与降水的关系.水利科技,2013(3):9-10.YU Yongjiang.Distribution characteristics of air water resources in Fuzhou and its relationship with precipitation.Hydraulic Science and Technology(in Chinese),2013(3):9-10.
[18] 潘卫华.福建省大气可降水量分布规律及特征分析中国气象学会.第32届中国气象学会年会S16 地基遥感观测技术与应用.中国气象学会,2015:5.PAN Weihua.Analysis on distribution and characteristics of atmospheric precipitation in Fujian Province.Chinese Meteorological Society(in Chinese),2015:5.
[19] 姜立鹏,覃志豪,谢雯.针对MODIS近红外数据反演大气水汽含量研究.国土资源遥感,2006,18(3):5-9.JIANG Lipeng,QIN Zhihao,XIE Wen.Retrieving atmospheric water vapor from MODIS near infrared data.Remote Sensing for Land&Resources(in Chinese),2006,18(3):5-9.
[20] 李艳永.基于RS和GIS的新疆大气可降水量的反演和估算研究[硕士论文].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学,2011.LI Yanyong.Study for retrieving and estimating precipitable water vapor of Xinjiang based on RS and GIS[D].Urumqi:Xinjiang Normal University(in Chinese),2011.
[21] 李相虎,张奇,邵敏.基于TRMM数据的鄱阳湖流域降雨时空分布特征及其精度评价.地理科学进展,2012,31(9):1164-1170.LI Xianghu,ZHANG Qi,SHAO Min.Spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation in Poyang lake basin based on TRMM data and precision evaluation.Progress in Geography(in Chinese),2012,31(9):1164-1170.
[22] 邵颖,史岚,张狄,等.雨量计与星载测雨雷达资料结合的降水估算方法.气象科学,2014,34(4):390-396.SHAO Ying,SHI Lan,ZHANG Di,et al.Precipitation estimation by combination of satellite radar data and gauge measurements.Journal of the Meteorological Sciences(in Chinese),2014,34(4):390-396.
[23] 达布希拉图,卢士庆,苏立娟,等.利用MODIS卫星资料监测内蒙古地区大气总水汽量方法研究.干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(5):76-80.Dabuxilatu,LU Shiqing,SU Lijuan,et al.Method for observation of total atmosphere vapor over Inner Mongolia with MODIS data.Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment(in Chinese),2009,23(5):76-80.
[24] 权维俊,陈洪滨,肖稳安.MODIS与NCEP大气可降水量资料的比较分析.大气科学学报,2004,27(2):169-177.QUAN Weijun,CHEN Hongbin,XIAO Wenan.Comparison of atmospheric precipitable water amounts between MODIS and NCEP.Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology(in Chinese),2004,27(2):169-177.
[25] 封彩云,王式功,尚可政,等.中国北方水汽与云和降水的关系.兰州大学学报(自科版),2009,45(4):30-36.FENG Caiyun,WANG Shigong,SHANG Kezheng,et al.Relationship between water vapor with cloud and precipitation in the north China.Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)(in Chinese),2009,45(4):30-36.
[26] 傅抱璞.地形和海拔高度对降水的影响.地理学报,1992,47(4):302-314.FU Baopu.The effects of topography and elevation on precipitation.Acta Geographica Sinica(in Chinese),1992,47(4):302-314.
[27] 史岚.长江流域起伏地形下降水量分布精细化气候估算模型研究[博士论文].南京:南京信息工程大学,2012.SHI Lan.Study on a fine-scale estimating climatic model for the spatial distribution of precipitation over the rugged terrain in Yangze river basin[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology(in Chinese),2012.
[28] 邵颖.中国区域TRMM产品降尺度方法研究[博士论文].南京:南京信息工程大学,2015.SHAO Ying.The study of downscaling method for TRMM product in China Region[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology(in Chinese),2015.
[29] 黄嘉佑,李庆祥.气象数据统计分析方法.气象出版社,2015.HUANG Jiayou,LI Qingxiang.Statistical analysis of meteorological data.China Meteorological Press(in Chinese),2015.
[30] 周顺武,吴萍,王传辉,等.青藏高原夏季上空水汽含量演变特征及其与降水的关系.地理学报,2012,66(11):1466-1478.ZHOU Shunwu,WU Ping,WANG Chuanhui,et al.Spatial distribution of atmospheric water vapor and its relationship with precipitation in summer over the Tibetan Plateau.Acta Geographica Sinica (in Chinese),2012,66(11):1466-1478.
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