2016-2017年成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎疾病负担情况调查
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摘要
目的了解成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎的患病情况和流行趋势,为建立和完善食源性疾病预测预警体系提供科学依据。方法以学校为切入点,采用多阶段分层抽样方法抽取调查对象,于2016-2017年分4个季节对成都市17万余名学生及家庭成员,以自填问卷的形式了解调查对象4周内急性胃肠炎的发病情况、就诊情况等。结果成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎月患病率为4.46%,年患病率为0.53次/人年。学龄期儿童青少年(7.61%)患病率高于学龄前期(5.17%),老年期(3.34%)高于成年期(2.88%),郊区(4.94%)高于城区(4.02%),夏季(6.52%)高于其他季节,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);发病人群中,有53.31%的人接受治疗;在急性胃肠炎的治疗中,家庭成员(13.06%)抗生素使用频率高于学生(10.92%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎负担较重,建议开展进一步研究来准确评估成都市急性胃肠炎的负担及其食源性比例。
Objective To determine the magnitude, distribution, and burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness(AGI) among students and their families in Chengdu City. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight areas during spring, summer, autumn and winter. A total of 59023 students and their families were selected to complete a questionnaire. The case definition was three or more bouts of loose stools of two or more vomit in a 24-hour period within the last 28 days. Results The monthly prevalence of acute gastrointestinal illness was 4.46% with an incidence rate of 0.53 episodes of AGI per person-year. The risk of acute gastrointestinal illness was significantly higher in school-aged children(7.61%) than in pre-school children(5.17%), and in older people(3.34%) than adults(2.88%), and in rural(4.94%) than in urban(4.02%), and in summer(6.52%) than in other seasons. Of 7780 cases, 53.31% visited a physician. Of the cases who visited a physician, 13.06% family members were treated with antibiotics,while the proportion was 10.92% in students.Conclusion The burden of AGI among students and their families was substantial in Chengdu City. Further research is needed to better estimate the burden of AGI and its foodborne proportion.
Objective To determine the magnitude, distribution, and burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness(AGI) among students and their families in Chengdu City. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight areas during spring, summer, autumn and winter. A total of 59023 students and their families were selected to complete a questionnaire. The case definition was three or more bouts of loose stools of two or more vomit in a 24-hour period within the last 28 days. Results The monthly prevalence of acute gastrointestinal illness was 4.46% with an incidence rate of 0.53 episodes of AGI per person-year. The risk of acute gastrointestinal illness was significantly higher in school-aged children(7.61%) than in pre-school children(5.17%), and in older people(3.34%) than adults(2.88%), and in rural(4.94%) than in urban(4.02%), and in summer(6.52%) than in other seasons. Of 7780 cases, 53.31% visited a physician. Of the cases who visited a physician, 13.06% family members were treated with antibiotics,while the proportion was 10.92% in students.Conclusion The burden of AGI among students and their families was substantial in Chengdu City. Further research is needed to better estimate the burden of AGI and its foodborne proportion.
引文
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[7]马晓晨,曾彪,马蕊,等.北京市社区人群急性胃肠炎患病状况流行病学调查[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2016,28(3):365-368.
[8]吴国莉,吴金贵,高峻岭,等.上海市长宁区居民急性胃肠炎流行现状及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(11):1008-1012.
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[10]成都市统计局.成都市统计局关于2017年成都市主要人口数据的公告[EB/OL].[2018-12-03].http://www.cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/htm/detail_95445.html.
[11]毛雪丹,胡俊峰,刘秀梅.我国细菌性食源性疾病疾病负担的初步研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2011,23(2):132-136.
[2]陈君石.中国的食源性疾病有多严重?[N].北京科技报,2015-04-20(52).
[3]周国营,张巍巍,郑德生,等.北京市密云区居民急性胃肠炎流行病学特征与风险因素调查[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2016,28(5):648-652.
[4]陈艳,严卫星.国内外急性胃肠炎和食源性疾病负担研究进展[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2013,25(2):190-193.
[5]Chen Y,Yan WX,Zhou YJ,et al.Burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness in China:a population-based survey[J].BMC Public Health,2013,13(1):456-460.
[6]陈文,林黎.2014-2015年四川省居民自报性急性胃肠炎情况调查[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(6):832-836.
[7]马晓晨,曾彪,马蕊,等.北京市社区人群急性胃肠炎患病状况流行病学调查[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2016,28(3):365-368.
[8]吴国莉,吴金贵,高峻岭,等.上海市长宁区居民急性胃肠炎流行现状及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(11):1008-1012.
[9]成都市地方志编撰委员会办公室.成都年鉴2017[M].成都:成都年鉴社,2017:439-440.
[10]成都市统计局.成都市统计局关于2017年成都市主要人口数据的公告[EB/OL].[2018-12-03].http://www.cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/htm/detail_95445.html.
[11]毛雪丹,胡俊峰,刘秀梅.我国细菌性食源性疾病疾病负担的初步研究[J].中国食品卫生杂志,2011,23(2):132-136.
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