陈年茯砖茶多酚类对老年人肠道菌群的影响研究
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摘要
为了揭示陈年茯砖茶多酚类对老年人肠道菌群多样性及结构的影响,从陈放1年及7年的茯砖茶中提取、纯化茶多酚,将等量茶多酚的提取物分别加入含有65岁老年人的肠道菌群混合培养基中进行体外静态厌氧培养,在0 h、4 h、8 h、12 h及24 h时对7年陈茶多酚组(O组)、1年陈茶多酚组(N组)及空白组(B组)进行茶多酚和短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)的含量测定,并进行肠道菌群的高通量测序,对测序结果进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,7年陈茯砖茶的茶多酚类在与老年人肠道菌群的体外互作下,SCFAs的含量较对照组显著提高,老年人肠道菌群的丰度及多样性水平也有所提升。在4 h及12 h时,能明显降低埃希氏菌属(Escherichia)及γ-变形菌纲_B38(γ-Proteobacteria_B38)的相对丰度,同时提高拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)及普拉梭菌属(Faecalibacterium)的相对丰度。研究表明,7年陈茯砖茶的茶多酚类比1年陈茯砖茶的茶多酚类更有益于改善老年人的肠道菌群结构,在老年人的营养保健方面更具潜在的价值。
To reveal the influences of tea polyphenols of old Fu brick teas on the diversity and composition of intestinal microflora in the elderly, the tea polyphenols were extracted and purified from Fu brick teas stored for 1 year and 7 years, and the isometric tea polyphenol extracts were added into the mixed medium of intestinal flora of elderly men(65 years) for the anaerobic static culture in vitro. The contents of tea polyphenols and short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)of the seven years' tea group(O group), one year's tea group(N group) and the blank group(B group) were determined at 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h. High-throughput sequencing of intestinal flora and relative bioinformatics analysis were also performed. The results showed that the polyphenols of seven years' Fu brick tea had better effects on the increase of SCFA contents, the abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora of the elderly as compared with the control. The relative abundance of Escherichia and γ-Proteobacteria_B38 at 4 h and 12 h were significantly reduced, and the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were also increased in O group. The above results showed that the tea polyphenol of seven years' Fu brick tea is more beneficial to the improvement of intestinal microflora in the elderly, which was of a high potential value to the health of elderly.
To reveal the influences of tea polyphenols of old Fu brick teas on the diversity and composition of intestinal microflora in the elderly, the tea polyphenols were extracted and purified from Fu brick teas stored for 1 year and 7 years, and the isometric tea polyphenol extracts were added into the mixed medium of intestinal flora of elderly men(65 years) for the anaerobic static culture in vitro. The contents of tea polyphenols and short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)of the seven years' tea group(O group), one year's tea group(N group) and the blank group(B group) were determined at 0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h. High-throughput sequencing of intestinal flora and relative bioinformatics analysis were also performed. The results showed that the polyphenols of seven years' Fu brick tea had better effects on the increase of SCFA contents, the abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora of the elderly as compared with the control. The relative abundance of Escherichia and γ-Proteobacteria_B38 at 4 h and 12 h were significantly reduced, and the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were also increased in O group. The above results showed that the tea polyphenol of seven years' Fu brick tea is more beneficial to the improvement of intestinal microflora in the elderly, which was of a high potential value to the health of elderly.
引文
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[2]Foster M T,Gentile C L,Cox-York K,et al.Fuzhuan tea consumption imparts hepatoprotective effects and alters intestinal microbiota in high saturated fat diet-fed rats[J].Molecular Nutrition&Food Research,2016,60(5):1213-1220.
[3]Li Q,Liu Z,Huang J,et al.Anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects of Fuzhuan brick tea water extract in high-fat diet-induced obese rats[J].Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture,2013,93(6):1310-1316.
[4]Lin Y,Liu Z H,Lin H Y,et al.Study on influence of Fuzhuan brick tea aqueous extract on lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice and its antioxidation[J].Journal of Food Safety&Quality,2015(5):1561-1566.
[5]Yun-Fei Z,Jing-Jing C,Xiao-Ming J,et al.Changes of major tea polyphenols and production of four new B-ring fission metabolites of catechins from post-fermented Jing-Wei Fu brick tea[J].Food Chemistry,2015,170:110-117.
[6]Jie X,Hu F L,Wei W,et al.Investigation on biochemical compositional changes during the microbial fermentation process of Fu brick tea by LC–MS based metabolomics[J].Food Chemistry,2015,186:176-184.
[7]Zheng W J,Wan X C,Bao G H.Brick dark tea:a review of the manufacture,chemical constituents and bioconversion of the major chemical components during fermentation[J].Phytochemistry Reviews,2015,14(3):499-523.DOI 10.1007/s11101-015-9402-8.
[8]Due?as M,Mu?oz-González I,Cueva C,et al.A survey of modulation of gut microbiota by dietary polyphenols[J].Biomed Research International,2015,2015:850902.
[9]Espín J C,González-Sarrías A,Tomás-Barberán F A.The gut microbiota:a key factor in the therapeutic effects of(poly)phenols[J].Biochemical Pharmacology,2017,139:82-93.
[10]Shanahan F,Van S D,O'Toole P W,et al.Feeding the microbiota:transducer of nutrient signals for the host[J].Gut,2017,66(9):1709-1717.
[11]Singh R K,Chang H W,Yan D,et al.Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health[J].Journal of Translational Medicine,2017,15(1):73.doi.org/10.1186/s12967-017-1175-y.
[12]Barratt M J,Lebrilla C,Shapiro H Y,et al.The gut microbiota,food science,and human nutriti on:a timely marriage[J].Cell Host Microbe,2017,22(2):134-141.
[13]Mckenzie C,Tan J,Macia L,et al.The nutrition-gut microbiome-physiology axis and allergic diseases[J].Immunological Reviews,2017,278(1):277.
[14]Koppel N,Maini R V,Balskus E P,et al.Chemical transformation of xenobiotics by the human gut microbiota[J].Science,2017,356(6344):eaag2770.DOI:10.1126/science.aag2770.
[15]Leulier F,Macneil L T,Lee W J,et al.Integrative Physiology:At the Crossroads of Nutrition,Microbiota,Animal Physiology,and Human Health[J].Cell Metabolism,2017,25(3):522.
[16]Foster K R,Schluter J,Coyte K Z,et al.The evolution of the host microbiome as an ecosystem on a leash[J].Nature,2017,548:43-51.
[17]闻玉梅.“医老”可显著缓解老龄化的压力与负担[J].科技导报,2017,35(18):1.
[18]中华人民共和国国家监督检验检疫局,GB/T 8313—2008茶叶中茶多酚和儿茶素类含量的检测方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008:3-5.
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[20]张鑫,马丽苹,张芸,等.茶叶儿茶素对肠道微生态的调节作用[J].食品科学,2013,34(5):232-237.
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[23]Schloss P D,Westcott S L,Ryabin T,et al.Introducing mothur:open-source,platform-independent,communitysupported software for describing and comparing microbial communities[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(23):7537-7541.
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[25]刘松珍,张雁,张名位,等.肠道短链脂肪酸产生机制及生理功能的研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(11):99-103.
[26]Edgar R C.UPARSE:highly accurate OTU sequences from microbial amplicon reads[J].Nature Methods,2013,10(10):996.
[27]许奇,王丽,余碧丽,等.茶多酚影响肠道菌群活的非可培养状态(VBNC)状态转变的研究[J].食品与发酵工业,2014,40(8):12-17.
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[29]Quast C,Pruesse E,Yilmaz P,et al.The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project:improved data processing and web-based tools[J].Nucleic Acids Research,2013,41(Database issue):590-596.
[30]黄亚辉,陈建华,周筠,等.不同年代茯砖茶感官品质和化学成分的差异性[J].食品科学,2010,31(2):228-232.
[31]萧力争,余智勇,黄建安,等.茯砖茶对小鼠小肠推进运动的影响[J].茶叶科学,2010,30(s1):579-582.
[32]杨阳,张鑫,翁佩芳,等.茶叶儿茶素的益生元活性研究[J].现代食品科技,2015(4):128-136.
[33]Lamas B,Richard M L,Leducq V,et al.CARD9 impacts colitis by altering gut microbiota metabolism of tryptophan into aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands[J].Nature Medicine,2016,22(6):598-605.
[34]郭慧玲,邵玉宇,孟和毕力格,等.肠道菌群与疾病关系的研究进展[J].微生物学通报,2015,42(2):400-410.
[35]Cheng M,Zhang X,Guo X,et al.The interaction effect and mechanism between tea polyphenols and intestinal microbiota:Role in human health[J].Journal of Food Biochemistry,2017:e12415.doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12415.
[36]Sánchez-Patán F,Barroso E,Van d W T,et al.Comparative in vitro fermentations of cranberry and grape seed polyphenols with colonic microbiota[J].Food Chemistry,2015,183:273-282.
[37]Kemperman R A,Gross G,Mondot S,et al.Impact of polyphenols from black tea and red wine/grape juice on a gut model microbiome[J].Food Research International,2013,53(2):659-669.
[38]Zhang X,Zhu X,Sun Y,et al.Fermentation in vitro of EGCG,GCG and EGCG3"Me isolated from Oolong tea by human intestinal microbiota[J].Food Research International,2013,54(2):1589-1595.
[39]Mihai Cirstea,Nina Radisavljevic,B Brett Finlay.Good bug,bad bug:breaking through microbial stereotyp es[J].Cell Host&Microbe,2018,23:10-13.
[40]智发朝,白杨,王晔,等.一种脆弱拟杆菌在预防和/或治疗炎症性肠病中的应用,CN105434476A[P].2016-03-30.
[41]王舒悦,于晓红,李鸣,等.双歧杆菌对中老年人健康影响的菌种特异性初探[J].四川大学学报(医学版),2017,48(5):745-749.
[42]徐豪明,周有连,聂玉强.普拉梭菌与炎症性肠病的关系及机制研究[J].广东医学,2017,38(2):318-321.