A井区梧桐沟组稠油油藏水平井体积压裂开发论证
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摘要
A井区梧桐沟组稠油油藏具有埋藏深、中孔、低渗等特点,地层原油具有高黏度、高密度、中等含蜡量等特点,属于难动用储量。由于原油流度低,渗流困难,导致单井自然产能低,衰竭式或注水开发适应性差;由于油藏埋藏深度大,导致热采措施中井筒热损严重,经济效益差。为了改善本区开发效果,在中国类似稠油油藏压裂经验的基础上,结合该区前期直井压裂效果分析,论证了采用水平井体积压裂开发本区的必要性及可行性,采用了有限元压裂数值模拟技术优化了压裂规模、裂缝导流能力等参数,选取典型井组预测水平井体积压裂实际开发效果,单井衰竭开采15 a,累产油达23 031 t。
The heavy oil reservoir in the A wellblock is characterized by deep burial,middle porosity and low permeability. The crude oil in the formation has high viscosity,high density,high freezing point,high non-hydrocarbon content,medium wax content. Due to low mobility,Wells have low natural production capacity,the effect of using exhaustive development or water injection development method is poor,common thermal recovery technologies are faced with the difficulties of large heat loss in the wellbore due to large burial depth,and can't produce enough economic benefits. In recent years,some domestic heavy oil reservoirs have achieved positive effect in vertical well fracturing,and multi-stage fracturing technology in horizontal well is also gradually develop mature. Referring to the experiences of domestic similar heavy oil reservoir fracturing and the analysis of the fracturing effect of the vertical wells in the early stage of this area,the necessity and feasibility of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal well was firstly demonstrated,and the finite element fracturing numerical simulation technology was further used to optimized the parameters such as fracturing scale,fracture conductivity,etc. Finally,a typical well group was selected to predict the actual development effect of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal well,the single well has been exploited for 15 years with a cumulative oil production of 23 031 t.
The heavy oil reservoir in the A wellblock is characterized by deep burial,middle porosity and low permeability. The crude oil in the formation has high viscosity,high density,high freezing point,high non-hydrocarbon content,medium wax content. Due to low mobility,Wells have low natural production capacity,the effect of using exhaustive development or water injection development method is poor,common thermal recovery technologies are faced with the difficulties of large heat loss in the wellbore due to large burial depth,and can't produce enough economic benefits. In recent years,some domestic heavy oil reservoirs have achieved positive effect in vertical well fracturing,and multi-stage fracturing technology in horizontal well is also gradually develop mature. Referring to the experiences of domestic similar heavy oil reservoir fracturing and the analysis of the fracturing effect of the vertical wells in the early stage of this area,the necessity and feasibility of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal well was firstly demonstrated,and the finite element fracturing numerical simulation technology was further used to optimized the parameters such as fracturing scale,fracture conductivity,etc. Finally,a typical well group was selected to predict the actual development effect of multi-stage fracturing in horizontal well,the single well has been exploited for 15 years with a cumulative oil production of 23 031 t.
引文
1何成德.鲁克沁稠油油藏压裂技术研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2014He Chengde.Study on fracturing technology of Lukeqin heavy oil reservoir[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2014
2霍刚.超稠油及深层稠油开采关键技术研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2007Huo Gang.Study on key techniques for extraction of super heavy oil and deep heavy oil[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2007
3张红.鲁克沁稠油油藏有效开发技术研究[D].武汉:长江大学,2010Zhang Hong.Research on the effective development technology of Lukeqin heavy oil reservoir[D].Wuhan:Yangtze University,2010
4邓坤红.吐哈油田水平井压裂技术研究与应用[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2011Deng Kunhong.Research and application of horizontal well fracturing technology in Tuha oilfield[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2011
5张建军.鲁克沁深层稠油油藏体积压裂实践与应用[J].钻采工艺,2013,36(5):52-54Zhang Jianjun.Practice and application of volume fracturing in lukeqin deep heavey oil reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,36(5):52-54
6张兴福,何永明,赵子刚,等.稠油油藏压裂增产新模型及裂缝导流能力研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(2):67-69Zhang Xingfu,He Yongming,Zhao Zigang,et al.Study on new models of fracturing and yield increase and fracture induction capacity in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling and Exploration Technology,2007,35(2):67-69
7张坚平,刘瑞云.深层稠油难动用储量压裂增产技术研究与试验[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(6):112-114Zhang Jianping,Liu Ruiyun.Study and experiment on production technology of deep fractured oil reserving fracturing production[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(6):112-114
8蔡国华,王先荣.浅薄互层普通稠油油藏水力压裂的实践与认识[J].特种油气藏,2002,9(4):59-62Cai Guohua,Wang Xianrong.Practice and understanding of hydraulic fracturing in shallow heavy oil reservoirs[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2002,9(4):59-62
9赵健,徐军,崔英怀.吐哈盆地吐玉克超深层稠油油田开发方式研究[J].新疆石油地质,2002,21(4):323-325Zhao Jian,Xu Jun,Cui Yinghuai.Study on the development mode of Tuyuke super deep heavy oil field in Tuha Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2002,21(4):323-325
10张坚平,孙世茂,据亚明.玉1块深层稠油油藏压裂增产技术研究与试验[J].石油钻探技术,2014,32(4):66-68Zhang Jianping,Sun Shimao,Ju Yaming.Research and experiment on fracturing and increasing production of deep heavy oil reservoir in Yu 1 block[J].Oil Drilling and Exploration Technology,2014,32(4):66-68
11成梦可.稠油油田低物性段酸压改造设计与研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2018Cheng Mengke.Design and research of acid fracturing for low geophysical segment of heavy oilfield[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2018
12党建锋,郑锋年,沈彬彬.玉北6区块深层稠油油藏压裂技术研究与应用[J].中外能源,2018,23(5):57-63Dang Jianfeng,Zheng Fengnian,Shen Binbin.Research and application of fracturing technique for deep heavy oil reservoirs in block Yubei 6[J].Sino-Global Energy,2018,23(5):57-63
13夏福良.稠油解堵技术探讨[J].云南化工,2018,45(2):130Xia Fuliang.Discussion on heavy oil plugging removal technology[J].Yunnan Chemical Technology,2018,45(2):130
14吴虎,崔梅芹.克拉玛依油田2区克上组油藏压裂防砂工艺分析[J].新疆石油科技,2018,28(1):25-29Wu Hu,Cui Meiqin.Fracturing sand control technology analysis of Keshang formation reservoir in block 32 of Karamay Oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Science&Technology,2018,28(1):25-29
15何春明,吴刚,卢昊,等.一种低渗稠油油藏储层改造技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2018,35(1):105-108He Chunming,Wu Gang,Lu Hao,et al.A technology for stimulating low permeability heavy oil reservoirs[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2018,35(1):105-108
16蒋海岩,刘召,袁士宝,等.水敏性低渗透稠油薄油层压裂改造方法[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版),2017,34(3):299-302Jiang Haiyan,Liu Zhao,Yuan Shibao,et al.Fracturing treatment of water-sensitive low-permeability heavy oil thin-layer reservoir[J].Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition),2017,34(3):299-302
17王冲.超深层稠油油藏压裂井CO2吞吐渗流机理研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017Wang Chong.Research on percolation mechanism in super-deep heavy oil reservoir with fractured well by CO2huff and puff[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017
18刘如杰.杜212南块兴隆台油藏未动用储量水平井开发研究[J].精细石油化工进展,2018,19(5):5-8,14Liu Rujie.Development of unexploited horizontal well in Xinglongtai reservoir of Du 212 south block[J].Advances in Fine Petrochmeicals,2018,19(5):5-8,14
19熊小林.苏53区块南水平井开发井网优化研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2017Xiong Xiaolin.Research on optimization of the development well pattern in southern Su 53 area[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2017
20樊凤玲,李宪文,曹宗熊,等.致密油层体积压裂排量优化方法[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,29(3):79-82Fan Fengling,Li Xianwen,Cao Zongxiong,et al.Optimization of pumping rate for volume fracturing of tight reservoir[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2014,29(3):79-82
21王寿平,孔凡群,彭鑫岭,等.普光气田开发指标优化技术[J].天然气工业,2011,31(3):5-8,105-106Wang Shouping,Kong Fanqun,Peng Xinling,et al.Optimization of the development indexes of the Puguang Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(3):5-8,105-106
22王大为,刘小鸿,杜春晓,等.水平井水平段长度优化及经济界限研究[J].新疆石油天然气,2017,13(3):19-24Wang Dawei,Liu Xiaohong,Du Chunxiao,et al.Research on horizontal well horizontal section length optimization and economic limit[J].Xinjiang Oil&Gas,2017,13(3):19-24
23 Dikken B J.Pressure drop in horizontal wells and its effects on their production performance[J].SPE 19824,1990:1426-1433
2霍刚.超稠油及深层稠油开采关键技术研究[D].北京:中国石油大学,2007Huo Gang.Study on key techniques for extraction of super heavy oil and deep heavy oil[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2007
3张红.鲁克沁稠油油藏有效开发技术研究[D].武汉:长江大学,2010Zhang Hong.Research on the effective development technology of Lukeqin heavy oil reservoir[D].Wuhan:Yangtze University,2010
4邓坤红.吐哈油田水平井压裂技术研究与应用[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2011Deng Kunhong.Research and application of horizontal well fracturing technology in Tuha oilfield[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2011
5张建军.鲁克沁深层稠油油藏体积压裂实践与应用[J].钻采工艺,2013,36(5):52-54Zhang Jianjun.Practice and application of volume fracturing in lukeqin deep heavey oil reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,36(5):52-54
6张兴福,何永明,赵子刚,等.稠油油藏压裂增产新模型及裂缝导流能力研究[J].石油钻探技术,2007,35(2):67-69Zhang Xingfu,He Yongming,Zhao Zigang,et al.Study on new models of fracturing and yield increase and fracture induction capacity in heavy oil reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling and Exploration Technology,2007,35(2):67-69
7张坚平,刘瑞云.深层稠油难动用储量压裂增产技术研究与试验[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(6):112-114Zhang Jianping,Liu Ruiyun.Study and experiment on production technology of deep fractured oil reserving fracturing production[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(6):112-114
8蔡国华,王先荣.浅薄互层普通稠油油藏水力压裂的实践与认识[J].特种油气藏,2002,9(4):59-62Cai Guohua,Wang Xianrong.Practice and understanding of hydraulic fracturing in shallow heavy oil reservoirs[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2002,9(4):59-62
9赵健,徐军,崔英怀.吐哈盆地吐玉克超深层稠油油田开发方式研究[J].新疆石油地质,2002,21(4):323-325Zhao Jian,Xu Jun,Cui Yinghuai.Study on the development mode of Tuyuke super deep heavy oil field in Tuha Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2002,21(4):323-325
10张坚平,孙世茂,据亚明.玉1块深层稠油油藏压裂增产技术研究与试验[J].石油钻探技术,2014,32(4):66-68Zhang Jianping,Sun Shimao,Ju Yaming.Research and experiment on fracturing and increasing production of deep heavy oil reservoir in Yu 1 block[J].Oil Drilling and Exploration Technology,2014,32(4):66-68
11成梦可.稠油油田低物性段酸压改造设计与研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2018Cheng Mengke.Design and research of acid fracturing for low geophysical segment of heavy oilfield[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2018
12党建锋,郑锋年,沈彬彬.玉北6区块深层稠油油藏压裂技术研究与应用[J].中外能源,2018,23(5):57-63Dang Jianfeng,Zheng Fengnian,Shen Binbin.Research and application of fracturing technique for deep heavy oil reservoirs in block Yubei 6[J].Sino-Global Energy,2018,23(5):57-63
13夏福良.稠油解堵技术探讨[J].云南化工,2018,45(2):130Xia Fuliang.Discussion on heavy oil plugging removal technology[J].Yunnan Chemical Technology,2018,45(2):130
14吴虎,崔梅芹.克拉玛依油田2区克上组油藏压裂防砂工艺分析[J].新疆石油科技,2018,28(1):25-29Wu Hu,Cui Meiqin.Fracturing sand control technology analysis of Keshang formation reservoir in block 32 of Karamay Oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Science&Technology,2018,28(1):25-29
15何春明,吴刚,卢昊,等.一种低渗稠油油藏储层改造技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2018,35(1):105-108He Chunming,Wu Gang,Lu Hao,et al.A technology for stimulating low permeability heavy oil reservoirs[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2018,35(1):105-108
16蒋海岩,刘召,袁士宝,等.水敏性低渗透稠油薄油层压裂改造方法[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版),2017,34(3):299-302Jiang Haiyan,Liu Zhao,Yuan Shibao,et al.Fracturing treatment of water-sensitive low-permeability heavy oil thin-layer reservoir[J].Journal of Xinjiang University(Natural Science Edition),2017,34(3):299-302
17王冲.超深层稠油油藏压裂井CO2吞吐渗流机理研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2017Wang Chong.Research on percolation mechanism in super-deep heavy oil reservoir with fractured well by CO2huff and puff[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2017
18刘如杰.杜212南块兴隆台油藏未动用储量水平井开发研究[J].精细石油化工进展,2018,19(5):5-8,14Liu Rujie.Development of unexploited horizontal well in Xinglongtai reservoir of Du 212 south block[J].Advances in Fine Petrochmeicals,2018,19(5):5-8,14
19熊小林.苏53区块南水平井开发井网优化研究[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2017Xiong Xiaolin.Research on optimization of the development well pattern in southern Su 53 area[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2017
20樊凤玲,李宪文,曹宗熊,等.致密油层体积压裂排量优化方法[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,29(3):79-82Fan Fengling,Li Xianwen,Cao Zongxiong,et al.Optimization of pumping rate for volume fracturing of tight reservoir[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2014,29(3):79-82
21王寿平,孔凡群,彭鑫岭,等.普光气田开发指标优化技术[J].天然气工业,2011,31(3):5-8,105-106Wang Shouping,Kong Fanqun,Peng Xinling,et al.Optimization of the development indexes of the Puguang Gas Field[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(3):5-8,105-106
22王大为,刘小鸿,杜春晓,等.水平井水平段长度优化及经济界限研究[J].新疆石油天然气,2017,13(3):19-24Wang Dawei,Liu Xiaohong,Du Chunxiao,et al.Research on horizontal well horizontal section length optimization and economic limit[J].Xinjiang Oil&Gas,2017,13(3):19-24
23 Dikken B J.Pressure drop in horizontal wells and its effects on their production performance[J].SPE 19824,1990:1426-1433