考虑弹流润滑影响的表面局部缺陷中介轴承动力学建模
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摘要
航空发动机中介轴承位于发动机高、低压转子之间,其内、外环随高、低压转子同向或反向旋转,相对转速高和润滑条件恶劣造成中介轴承故障频发。针对表面局部缺陷中介轴承的振动故障诊断,考虑弹流润滑影响和时变位移激励,提出了一种带局部缺陷的中介轴承动力学建模方法。采用双转子实验台开展中介轴承外圈故障模拟实验,采集振动信号并进行分析。对比动力学模型数值模拟结果和故障轴承实验结果,验证了所建动力学模型的准确性。基于所建立动力学模型对有、无润滑的中介轴承在不同缺陷尺寸条件下的振动响应进行数值模拟。研究结果表明:该模型能够准确模拟中介轴承在不同状态、不同缺陷尺寸下的振动响应变化规律,可用于中介轴承故障机理分析。
Inter-shaft bearings of an aero-engine are located at the place between its high pressure rotor and low pressure one. The inner and outer rings of inter-shaft bearing rotate in the same direction or opposite one with high and low pressure rotors, and their relative rotating speed is high and lubrication condition is bad to cause frequent occurrence of faults. Here, aiming at vibration fault diagnosis of inter-shaft bearings with surface local defect, a dynamic modeling method for them was proposed considering effects of elasto-hydro dynamic lubrication and time-varying displacement excitation. A dual-rotor test platform was used to conduct analog tests for outer ring fault of inter-shaft bearing, and vibration signals were collected and analyzed. Comparing the numerical simulation results of the established dynamic model and the test ones, the correctness of the established dynamic model was verified. Based on the established dynamic model, vibration responses of inter-shaft bearings with and without lubrication under different defect sizes were numerically simulated. The results showed that the model built here can be used to correctly simulate vibration responses of inter-shaft bearings under different conditions and different defect sizes, and analyze the fault mechanism of inter-shaft bearings.
Inter-shaft bearings of an aero-engine are located at the place between its high pressure rotor and low pressure one. The inner and outer rings of inter-shaft bearing rotate in the same direction or opposite one with high and low pressure rotors, and their relative rotating speed is high and lubrication condition is bad to cause frequent occurrence of faults. Here, aiming at vibration fault diagnosis of inter-shaft bearings with surface local defect, a dynamic modeling method for them was proposed considering effects of elasto-hydro dynamic lubrication and time-varying displacement excitation. A dual-rotor test platform was used to conduct analog tests for outer ring fault of inter-shaft bearing, and vibration signals were collected and analyzed. Comparing the numerical simulation results of the established dynamic model and the test ones, the correctness of the established dynamic model was verified. Based on the established dynamic model, vibration responses of inter-shaft bearings with and without lubrication under different defect sizes were numerically simulated. The results showed that the model built here can be used to correctly simulate vibration responses of inter-shaft bearings under different conditions and different defect sizes, and analyze the fault mechanism of inter-shaft bearings.
引文
[1] 廖明夫,马振国,刘永泉,等. 航空发动机中介轴承的故障特征与诊断方法[J]. 航空动力学报, 2013, 28(12): 2752-2758. LIAO Mingfu, MA Zhenguo, LIU Yongquan, et al. The fault characteristics and diagnosis method of inter-shaft bearing in aero-engine[J].Journal of Aerospace Power, 2013, 28(12): 2752-2758.
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[10] 徐可君, 董芳华, 秦海勤,等. 有局部缺陷的滚动体中介轴承动力学建模及仿真研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(2):104-109. XU Kejun,DONG Fanghua,QIN Haiqin, et al. Dynamics modeling and simulation on inter-shaft bearing with local defect rolling element[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(2):104-109.
[11] PATEL V N, TANDON N, PANDEY R K. Vibration studies of dynamically loaded deep groove ball bearings in presence of local defects on races[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2013, 64(64):1582-1591.
[12] PATIL M S, MATHEW J, RAJENDRAKUMAR P K, et al. A theoretical model to predict the effect of localized defect on vibrations associated with ball bearing[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2010, 52(9): 1193-1201.
[13] HARRIS T A, PARK U, KOTZALAS M N, et al. Rolling bearing analysis[M]. 5th ed. Boca Raton: Crc Press, 2006.
[14] 吴昊,王建文,安琦.圆柱滚子轴承阻尼的计算方法[J].轴承,2008(9):1-5. WU Hao, WANG Jianwen, AN Qi. Calculating method for damping of cylindrical roller bearings[J]. Bearing, 2008(9):1-5.
[15] LUBRECHT A A, VENNER C H, COLIN F. Film thickness calculation in elasto-hydrodynamic lubricated line and elliptical contacts: the Dowson, Higginson, Hamrock contribution[J]. ARCHIVE Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2009, 223(3):511-515.
[16] 唐云冰, 高德平, 罗贵火. 航空发动机滚动轴承的载荷分布研究[J]. 航空学报, 2006, 27(6):1117-1121. TANG Yunbing, GAO Deping, LUO Guihuo. Research on the load distribution in aeroengine ball bearings[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2006, 27(6):1117-1121.
[17] 麻胜兰, 姜绍飞, 陈志刚. 基于IMPSCO和改进Newmark-β算法的结构系统及激励辨识研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017,36(15):22-28. MA Shenglan, JIANG Shaofei, CHEN Zhigang. Identification of a structural system and its excitation based on IMPSCO and modified Newmark-β algorithm.[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017,36(15):22-28.
[2] 艾延廷,陈潮龙,田晶,等. 基于信息熵距和 FSVM 隶属度的转子振动状态评估方法[J]. 推进技术, 2013(11): 1543-1548. AI Yanting, CHEN Chaolong, TIAN Jing. et al. Studies on assessing method of rotor vibration state based on information entropy distance and FSVM membership[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2013(11): 1543-1548.
[3] SUNNERSJ? C S. Varying compliance vibrations of rolling bearings[J]. Journal of Sound & Vibration, 1978, 58(58):363-373.
[4] GUPTA P K. Dynamics of rolling-element bearings—part I,II,III, and IV[J]. Journal of Tribology, 1979, 101(3):311-326.
[5] GUPTA P K. On the geometrical imperfections in cylindrical roller bearings[J]. Journal of Tribology, 1988, 110(1):13-18.
[6] MCFADDEN P D, SMITH J D. Model for the vibration produced by a single point defect in a rolling element bearing[J]. Journal of Sound & Vibration, 1984, 96(1):69-82.
[7] TANDON N, CHOUDHURY A. An analytical model for the prediction of the vibration response of rolling element bearings due to a localized defect[J]. Journal of Sound & Vibration, 1997, 205(3):275-292.
[8] KULKARNI P G,SAHASRABUDHE A D. A dynamic model of ball bearing for simulating localized defects on outer race using cubic hermite spline[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2014, 28(9): 3433-3442.
[9] 刘静, 邵毅敏, 秦晓猛,等. 基于非理想Hertz线接触特性的圆柱滚子轴承局部故障动力学建模[J]. 机械工程学报, 2014, 50(1):91-97. LIU Jing, SHAO Yimin, QIN Xiaomeng, et al. Dynamic modeling on localized defect of cylindrical roller bearing based on non-Hertz line contact characteristics[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 50(1):91.
[10] 徐可君, 董芳华, 秦海勤,等. 有局部缺陷的滚动体中介轴承动力学建模及仿真研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2016, 35(2):104-109. XU Kejun,DONG Fanghua,QIN Haiqin, et al. Dynamics modeling and simulation on inter-shaft bearing with local defect rolling element[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2016, 35(2):104-109.
[11] PATEL V N, TANDON N, PANDEY R K. Vibration studies of dynamically loaded deep groove ball bearings in presence of local defects on races[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2013, 64(64):1582-1591.
[12] PATIL M S, MATHEW J, RAJENDRAKUMAR P K, et al. A theoretical model to predict the effect of localized defect on vibrations associated with ball bearing[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2010, 52(9): 1193-1201.
[13] HARRIS T A, PARK U, KOTZALAS M N, et al. Rolling bearing analysis[M]. 5th ed. Boca Raton: Crc Press, 2006.
[14] 吴昊,王建文,安琦.圆柱滚子轴承阻尼的计算方法[J].轴承,2008(9):1-5. WU Hao, WANG Jianwen, AN Qi. Calculating method for damping of cylindrical roller bearings[J]. Bearing, 2008(9):1-5.
[15] LUBRECHT A A, VENNER C H, COLIN F. Film thickness calculation in elasto-hydrodynamic lubricated line and elliptical contacts: the Dowson, Higginson, Hamrock contribution[J]. ARCHIVE Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 2009, 223(3):511-515.
[16] 唐云冰, 高德平, 罗贵火. 航空发动机滚动轴承的载荷分布研究[J]. 航空学报, 2006, 27(6):1117-1121. TANG Yunbing, GAO Deping, LUO Guihuo. Research on the load distribution in aeroengine ball bearings[J]. Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica, 2006, 27(6):1117-1121.
[17] 麻胜兰, 姜绍飞, 陈志刚. 基于IMPSCO和改进Newmark-β算法的结构系统及激励辨识研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2017,36(15):22-28. MA Shenglan, JIANG Shaofei, CHEN Zhigang. Identification of a structural system and its excitation based on IMPSCO and modified Newmark-β algorithm.[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2017,36(15):22-28.