Gas-phase oxidation of NO at high pressure relevant to sour gas compression purification process for oxy-fuel combustion flue gas
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摘要
The removal of NO from oxy-fuel combustion is typically incorporated in sour gas compression purification process. This process involves the oxidation of NO to NO_2 at a high pressure of 1–3 MPa, followed by absorption of NO_2 by water. In this pressure range, the NO conversion rates calculated using the existing kinetic constants are often higher than those obtained experimentally. This study aimed to achieve the regression of kinetic parameters of NO oxidation based on the existing experimental results and theoretical models.Based on three existing NO oxidation mechanisms, first, the expressions for NO conversion against residence time were derived. By minimizing the mean-square errors of NO conversion ratio, the optimum kinetic rate constants were obtained. Without considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation, similar mean-square errors for NO conversion ratio were calculated. Considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation based on the termolecular reaction mechanism, the minimum mean-square error for NO conversion ratio was obtained. Thus, the optimum NO oxidation rate in the pressure range 0.1–3 MPa can be expressed as follows:-d[NO]/dt=d[NO_2]/dt=0.0026[NO]~2[O_2]-0.0034[NO_2]~2 Detailed elementary reactions for N_2/NO/NO_2/O_2 system were established to simulate the NO oxidation rate. A sensitivity analysis showed that the critical elementary reaction is 2 NO + O_2? 2 NO_2. However, the simulated NO conversions at a high pressure of 10–30 bar are still higher than the experimental values and similar to those obtained from the models without considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation.
The removal of NO from oxy-fuel combustion is typically incorporated in sour gas compression purification process. This process involves the oxidation of NO to NO_2 at a high pressure of 1–3 MPa, followed by absorption of NO_2 by water. In this pressure range, the NO conversion rates calculated using the existing kinetic constants are often higher than those obtained experimentally. This study aimed to achieve the regression of kinetic parameters of NO oxidation based on the existing experimental results and theoretical models.Based on three existing NO oxidation mechanisms, first, the expressions for NO conversion against residence time were derived. By minimizing the mean-square errors of NO conversion ratio, the optimum kinetic rate constants were obtained. Without considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation, similar mean-square errors for NO conversion ratio were calculated. Considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation based on the termolecular reaction mechanism, the minimum mean-square error for NO conversion ratio was obtained. Thus, the optimum NO oxidation rate in the pressure range 0.1–3 MPa can be expressed as follows:-d[NO]/dt=d[NO_2]/dt=0.0026[NO]~2[O_2]-0.0034[NO_2]~2 Detailed elementary reactions for N_2/NO/NO_2/O_2 system were established to simulate the NO oxidation rate. A sensitivity analysis showed that the critical elementary reaction is 2 NO + O_2? 2 NO_2. However, the simulated NO conversions at a high pressure of 10–30 bar are still higher than the experimental values and similar to those obtained from the models without considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation.
The removal of NO from oxy-fuel combustion is typically incorporated in sour gas compression purification process. This process involves the oxidation of NO to NO_2 at a high pressure of 1–3 MPa, followed by absorption of NO_2 by water. In this pressure range, the NO conversion rates calculated using the existing kinetic constants are often higher than those obtained experimentally. This study aimed to achieve the regression of kinetic parameters of NO oxidation based on the existing experimental results and theoretical models.Based on three existing NO oxidation mechanisms, first, the expressions for NO conversion against residence time were derived. By minimizing the mean-square errors of NO conversion ratio, the optimum kinetic rate constants were obtained. Without considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation, similar mean-square errors for NO conversion ratio were calculated. Considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation based on the termolecular reaction mechanism, the minimum mean-square error for NO conversion ratio was obtained. Thus, the optimum NO oxidation rate in the pressure range 0.1–3 MPa can be expressed as follows:-d[NO]/dt=d[NO_2]/dt=0.0026[NO]~2[O_2]-0.0034[NO_2]~2 Detailed elementary reactions for N_2/NO/NO_2/O_2 system were established to simulate the NO oxidation rate. A sensitivity analysis showed that the critical elementary reaction is 2 NO + O_2? 2 NO_2. However, the simulated NO conversions at a high pressure of 10–30 bar are still higher than the experimental values and similar to those obtained from the models without considering the reverse reaction for NO oxidation.
引文
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[2]M.B.Toftegaard,J.Brix,P.A.Jensen,P.Glarborg,A.D.Jensen,Oxy-fuel combustion of solid fuels,Prog.Energy Combust.Sci.36(2010)581-625.
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[4]V.White,L.Torrente-Murciano,D.Sturgeon,D.Chadwick,Purification of oxyfuelderived CO2,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 4(2010)137-142.
[5]V.White,A.Wright,S.Tappe,J.Yan,The air products vattenfall oxyfuel CO2compression and purification pilot plant at Schwarze Pumpe,Energy Procedia 37(2013)1490-1499.
[6]F.Winkler,N.Schoedel,H.J.Zander,R.Ritter,Cold DeNOxdevelopment for oxyfuel power plants,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 5(2011)231-237.
[7]R.Stanger,T.Ting,C.Spero,T.Wall,Oxyfuel derived CO2compression experiments with NOx,SOxand mercury removal-Experiments involving compression of slipstreams from the Callide Oxyfuel Project(COP),Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 41(2015)50-59.
[8]X.Li,Y.Liu,R.Stanger,L.Belo,Gas Quality Control in Oxy-pf Technology for Carbon Capture and Storage,University of Newcastle,Australia,2012.
[9]D.Liu,T.Wall,R.Stanger,CO?quality control in oxy-fuel technology for CCS:SO?removal by the caustic scrubber in Callide Oxy-fuel Project,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 51(2016)207-217.
[10]M.Shah,N.Degenstein,M.Zanfir,R.Solunke,R.Kumar,J.Bugayong,K.Burgers,Near-zero Emissions Oxy-Combustion Flue Gas Purification,20 FOSSIL-FUELEDPOWER PLANTS,United States,2012.
[11]W.Wang,O.Stallmann,NOx Control in Oxy-firing Process,5th Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network MeetingWuhan,2015.
[12]D.Thomas,J.Vanderschuren,The absorption-oxidation of NOxwith hydrogen peroxide for the treatment of tail gases,Chem.Eng.Sci.51(1996)2649-2654.
[13]D.Thomas,J.Vanderschuren,Analysis and prediction of the liquid phase composition for the absorption of nitrogen oxides into aqueous solutions,Sep.Purif.Technol.18(1999)37-45.
[14]H.Tsukahara,T.Ishida,M.Mayumi,Gas-phase oxidation of nitric oxide:Chemical kinetics and rate constant,Nitric Oxide 3(1999)191-198.
[15]M.Bodenstein,The rate of the reaction between nitric oxide and oxygen,Z.Elektrochem.24(1918)183-201.
[16]M.Bodenstein,Formation and dissociation of the higher nitrogen oxide,Z.Phys.Chem.100(1922)68-123.
[17]D.N.Miller,Mass transfer in nitric acid absorption,AIChE J.33(1987)1351-1358.
[18]H.Gershinowitz,H.Eyring,The theory of trimolecular reactions 1,J.Am.Chem.Soc.57(1935)985-991.
[19]J.Heicklen,N.Cohen,The Role of Nitric Oxide in Photochemistry,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,1966
[20]J.D.Greig,P.G.Hall,Thermal oxidation of nitric oxide at low concentrations,Trans.Faraday Soc.63(1967)655-661.
[21]S.Yu,D.Liu,J.Chen,Experimental study on the formation of nitrous acid by NOx under high pressure,Power Eng.38(9)(2018)725-731.
[22]T.Ting,The Removal of Nitrogen Oxides and Mercury as Condensates during the Compression of Oxyfuel Flue Gas,Ph.D.Thesis,The University of Newcastle,Australia,2014.
[23]W.Hui,Experimental Study and Computer Simulation of Sour Compression Process for the Purification of Oxy Fuel-Derived CO2,Ph.D.Thesis,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang,2013.
[24]L.T.Murciano,V.White,F.Petrocelli,D.Chadwick,Sour compression process for the removal of SOxand NOxfrom oxyfuel-derived CO2,Energy Procedia 4(2011)908-916.
[25]J.B.Joshi,V.V.Mahajani,V.A.Juvekar,Absorption of NOxgases,Chem.Eng.Commun.33(1985)1-92.
[26]G.Golub,Numerical methods for solving linear least squares problems,Numer.Math.7(1965)206-216.
[27]W.A.Nicewander,Thirteen ways to look at the correlation coefficient,Am.Stat.42(1988)59-66.
[28]D.F.Vysochanskij,Y.I.Petunin,Justification of the 3σrule for unimodal distributions,Theory Probab.Math.Stat.21(1980)25-36.
[29]F.Pukelsheim,The three sigma rule,Am.Stat.48(1994)88-91.
[30]Berendsen,A student's Guide to Data and Error Analysis,Cambridge University Press,New York,2011.
[31]T.Ting,R.Stanger,T.Wall,Laboratory investigation of high pressure NO oxidation to NO2and capture with liquid and gaseous water under oxy-fuel CO2compression conditions,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 18(2013)15-22.
[2]M.B.Toftegaard,J.Brix,P.A.Jensen,P.Glarborg,A.D.Jensen,Oxy-fuel combustion of solid fuels,Prog.Energy Combust.Sci.36(2010)581-625.
[3]V.White,R.Allam,E.Miller,Purification of oxyfuel-derived CO2for sequestration or EOR,Energy Procedia 1(1)(2006)399-406.
[4]V.White,L.Torrente-Murciano,D.Sturgeon,D.Chadwick,Purification of oxyfuelderived CO2,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 4(2010)137-142.
[5]V.White,A.Wright,S.Tappe,J.Yan,The air products vattenfall oxyfuel CO2compression and purification pilot plant at Schwarze Pumpe,Energy Procedia 37(2013)1490-1499.
[6]F.Winkler,N.Schoedel,H.J.Zander,R.Ritter,Cold DeNOxdevelopment for oxyfuel power plants,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 5(2011)231-237.
[7]R.Stanger,T.Ting,C.Spero,T.Wall,Oxyfuel derived CO2compression experiments with NOx,SOxand mercury removal-Experiments involving compression of slipstreams from the Callide Oxyfuel Project(COP),Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 41(2015)50-59.
[8]X.Li,Y.Liu,R.Stanger,L.Belo,Gas Quality Control in Oxy-pf Technology for Carbon Capture and Storage,University of Newcastle,Australia,2012.
[9]D.Liu,T.Wall,R.Stanger,CO?quality control in oxy-fuel technology for CCS:SO?removal by the caustic scrubber in Callide Oxy-fuel Project,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 51(2016)207-217.
[10]M.Shah,N.Degenstein,M.Zanfir,R.Solunke,R.Kumar,J.Bugayong,K.Burgers,Near-zero Emissions Oxy-Combustion Flue Gas Purification,20 FOSSIL-FUELEDPOWER PLANTS,United States,2012.
[11]W.Wang,O.Stallmann,NOx Control in Oxy-firing Process,5th Oxyfuel Combustion Research Network MeetingWuhan,2015.
[12]D.Thomas,J.Vanderschuren,The absorption-oxidation of NOxwith hydrogen peroxide for the treatment of tail gases,Chem.Eng.Sci.51(1996)2649-2654.
[13]D.Thomas,J.Vanderschuren,Analysis and prediction of the liquid phase composition for the absorption of nitrogen oxides into aqueous solutions,Sep.Purif.Technol.18(1999)37-45.
[14]H.Tsukahara,T.Ishida,M.Mayumi,Gas-phase oxidation of nitric oxide:Chemical kinetics and rate constant,Nitric Oxide 3(1999)191-198.
[15]M.Bodenstein,The rate of the reaction between nitric oxide and oxygen,Z.Elektrochem.24(1918)183-201.
[16]M.Bodenstein,Formation and dissociation of the higher nitrogen oxide,Z.Phys.Chem.100(1922)68-123.
[17]D.N.Miller,Mass transfer in nitric acid absorption,AIChE J.33(1987)1351-1358.
[18]H.Gershinowitz,H.Eyring,The theory of trimolecular reactions 1,J.Am.Chem.Soc.57(1935)985-991.
[19]J.Heicklen,N.Cohen,The Role of Nitric Oxide in Photochemistry,John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,1966
[20]J.D.Greig,P.G.Hall,Thermal oxidation of nitric oxide at low concentrations,Trans.Faraday Soc.63(1967)655-661.
[21]S.Yu,D.Liu,J.Chen,Experimental study on the formation of nitrous acid by NOx under high pressure,Power Eng.38(9)(2018)725-731.
[22]T.Ting,The Removal of Nitrogen Oxides and Mercury as Condensates during the Compression of Oxyfuel Flue Gas,Ph.D.Thesis,The University of Newcastle,Australia,2014.
[23]W.Hui,Experimental Study and Computer Simulation of Sour Compression Process for the Purification of Oxy Fuel-Derived CO2,Ph.D.Thesis,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang,2013.
[24]L.T.Murciano,V.White,F.Petrocelli,D.Chadwick,Sour compression process for the removal of SOxand NOxfrom oxyfuel-derived CO2,Energy Procedia 4(2011)908-916.
[25]J.B.Joshi,V.V.Mahajani,V.A.Juvekar,Absorption of NOxgases,Chem.Eng.Commun.33(1985)1-92.
[26]G.Golub,Numerical methods for solving linear least squares problems,Numer.Math.7(1965)206-216.
[27]W.A.Nicewander,Thirteen ways to look at the correlation coefficient,Am.Stat.42(1988)59-66.
[28]D.F.Vysochanskij,Y.I.Petunin,Justification of the 3σrule for unimodal distributions,Theory Probab.Math.Stat.21(1980)25-36.
[29]F.Pukelsheim,The three sigma rule,Am.Stat.48(1994)88-91.
[30]Berendsen,A student's Guide to Data and Error Analysis,Cambridge University Press,New York,2011.
[31]T.Ting,R.Stanger,T.Wall,Laboratory investigation of high pressure NO oxidation to NO2and capture with liquid and gaseous water under oxy-fuel CO2compression conditions,Int.J.Greenhouse Gas Control 18(2013)15-22.