地震氡观测计量溯源初步探究
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摘要
根据氡观测仪的氡室校准和氡气固体源校准两种校准方式的实验结果,讨论了使用标准仪器校准氡观测仪器的可靠性问题。用国际公认的计量传递仪器AlphaGUARD P2000Pro或AlphaGUARD P2000F测氡仪作为氡气溯源仪器,对九江地震台FD-125氡钍分析器的三个闪烁室进行了氡室校准、氡气固体源校准和仪器校准三种方法实验,得到标准仪器校准、氡气固体源校准得出K值相对氡室校准结果偏差均小于6%,结果表明,三种方法的校准结果均符合目前氡观测计量溯源技术要求,能达到与国家氡计量刻度相统一目的。
In this paper, the reliability of calibrating radon observation instruments using standard instruments is verified on the experimental results of radon chamber calibration and solid radon source calibration. The AlphaGUARD P2000 Pro and AlphaGUARD P2000 F radon measuring instrument of German Genitron Company, the classic measuring and transmitting instrument of radon measurement laboratory, are used as the source traceability instrument for the transmission source. The observation of water radon in Jiujiang Seismological Station FD-125 radon thorium chamber is calibrated by three calibration methods, including radon chamber calibration, solid radon source calibration and instrument calibration. The calibration of standard instruments and calibration of solid radon gas sources indicates that the deviation of the K value relative to the radon chamber calibration results is less than 6%, and they can meet the needs of the current radon observation and measurement. It can achieve the goal of unification with the national radon calibration scale.
In this paper, the reliability of calibrating radon observation instruments using standard instruments is verified on the experimental results of radon chamber calibration and solid radon source calibration. The AlphaGUARD P2000 Pro and AlphaGUARD P2000 F radon measuring instrument of German Genitron Company, the classic measuring and transmitting instrument of radon measurement laboratory, are used as the source traceability instrument for the transmission source. The observation of water radon in Jiujiang Seismological Station FD-125 radon thorium chamber is calibrated by three calibration methods, including radon chamber calibration, solid radon source calibration and instrument calibration. The calibration of standard instruments and calibration of solid radon gas sources indicates that the deviation of the K value relative to the radon chamber calibration results is less than 6%, and they can meet the needs of the current radon observation and measurement. It can achieve the goal of unification with the national radon calibration scale.
引文
[1]李宣瑚.唐山地震前京津地区水氡异常场的某些特征[J].地震地质,1987,4(1):57-66.
[2]张炜,邢玉安,邢如英.地下水中氮含量离散度变化与地震的短临前兆[J].地震学报,1986,9(3):312-318.
[3]杜学彬,张新基,张慧.中国大陆地震水氡短临异常的空间特征研究[J].地震学报,1996,18(6):358-364.
[4]Crockett R G M,Gillmore G K,Phillips P S,et al.Radon anomalies preceding earthquakes which occurred in the UK,in sunlnler and autumn[J].Science of the Total Environment,2002,364:138-148.
[5]张磊,高小其,包创,等.呼图壁地下储气库构造气体地球化学特征[J].地震地质,2018,40(5):1 059-1 071.
[6]Erees F S,Aytas S,Sac M M,et al.Radon concentrations in thermal waters related to seismic events along faults in the Denizli Basin,Western Turkey[J].Radiation Measurements,2007,42(1):80-86.
[7]Ren H W,Liu Y W,Yang D Y.A preliminary study of post-seismic effects of radon following the MS8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Radiation Measurements,2012,47(1):82-88.
[8]任宏微,刘耀炜,孙小龙,等.单孔同位素稀释示踪法测定地下水渗流速度、流向的技术发展[J].国际地震动态,2013,(2):5-14.
[9]刘耀炜,任宏微,张磊,等.鲁甸6.5级地震地下流体典型异常与前兆机理分析[J].地震地质,2015,1(37):307-318.
[10]张磊,刘耀炜,任宏微,等.氢氧稳定同位素在地下水异常核实中的应用[J].地震地质,2016,38(3):721-729.
[11]李彤起,李正蒙,陈兰庆,等.测氡仪器固体氡气源校准新技术推广应用进展与效益[J].西北地震学报,1997,19(4):71-77.
[12]任宏微,姚玉霞,黄仁桂,等.地震监测氡观测仪器校准新方法研究[J].地震,2016,36(3):46-47.
[13]熊锐.HD-MIN微型氡室控制系统的设计与实现[D].南昌:东华理工大学,2015,9-12.
[14]Lee J M,Ahn K H,Chai H S,et al.Development of radon calibration chamber at KRISS[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2004,61:237-241.
[15]Chu T C,Liu H L.Simulated equilibrium factor studies in radon chamber[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,1996,47(5/6):543-550.
[16]唐方东,何林峰.标准氡室校准测氡仪的原理及方法[J].上海计量测试,2008,(3):26-27.
[17]刘鹏,王怀杰.标准氡室自动监控系统[J].辐射防护通讯,2007,27(4):12-15.
[18]曹勇,唐桢,肖曙光,等.《空气中氡的标准测量方法》修订[J].中国辐射卫生,2014,23(4):303-305.
[19]张雄杰.氡室氡浓度稳定技术的研究[D].江西:东华理工大学,2008.
[20]唐方东,何林锋,张雄杰,等.氡测量仪检定/校准装置的研制[J].中国测试,2010,36(1):57-60.
[21]王振基,唐方东,何林锋,等.氡室内氡气体积活度的计算方法与测量验证[J].中国计量标准,2010,(6):68-69.
[22]JJG 825-2013测氡仪检定规程[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2013.
[23]DB/T 6-2003氡气固体源检定规程[S].地震出版社,中国地震局,2003.
[24]GB/T 13163.4-2014辐射防护仪器氡及氡子体测量仪第4部分:含氡同位素及其子体参考大气的产生设备氡环境试验系统[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2015.
[25]GB/T 13163.1-2009/IEC 61577-1:2006辐射防护用氡及氡子体测量仪第2部分:氡测量仪特殊要求[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2006.
[26]JJF 1071-2010《国家计量校准规范编写规则》[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2011.
[27]任宏微,姚玉霞,周红艳.测氡仪标准仪器校准法的条件研究[J].地震,2017,37(3):148-155.
[2]张炜,邢玉安,邢如英.地下水中氮含量离散度变化与地震的短临前兆[J].地震学报,1986,9(3):312-318.
[3]杜学彬,张新基,张慧.中国大陆地震水氡短临异常的空间特征研究[J].地震学报,1996,18(6):358-364.
[4]Crockett R G M,Gillmore G K,Phillips P S,et al.Radon anomalies preceding earthquakes which occurred in the UK,in sunlnler and autumn[J].Science of the Total Environment,2002,364:138-148.
[5]张磊,高小其,包创,等.呼图壁地下储气库构造气体地球化学特征[J].地震地质,2018,40(5):1 059-1 071.
[6]Erees F S,Aytas S,Sac M M,et al.Radon concentrations in thermal waters related to seismic events along faults in the Denizli Basin,Western Turkey[J].Radiation Measurements,2007,42(1):80-86.
[7]Ren H W,Liu Y W,Yang D Y.A preliminary study of post-seismic effects of radon following the MS8.0Wenchuan earthquake[J].Radiation Measurements,2012,47(1):82-88.
[8]任宏微,刘耀炜,孙小龙,等.单孔同位素稀释示踪法测定地下水渗流速度、流向的技术发展[J].国际地震动态,2013,(2):5-14.
[9]刘耀炜,任宏微,张磊,等.鲁甸6.5级地震地下流体典型异常与前兆机理分析[J].地震地质,2015,1(37):307-318.
[10]张磊,刘耀炜,任宏微,等.氢氧稳定同位素在地下水异常核实中的应用[J].地震地质,2016,38(3):721-729.
[11]李彤起,李正蒙,陈兰庆,等.测氡仪器固体氡气源校准新技术推广应用进展与效益[J].西北地震学报,1997,19(4):71-77.
[12]任宏微,姚玉霞,黄仁桂,等.地震监测氡观测仪器校准新方法研究[J].地震,2016,36(3):46-47.
[13]熊锐.HD-MIN微型氡室控制系统的设计与实现[D].南昌:东华理工大学,2015,9-12.
[14]Lee J M,Ahn K H,Chai H S,et al.Development of radon calibration chamber at KRISS[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2004,61:237-241.
[15]Chu T C,Liu H L.Simulated equilibrium factor studies in radon chamber[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,1996,47(5/6):543-550.
[16]唐方东,何林峰.标准氡室校准测氡仪的原理及方法[J].上海计量测试,2008,(3):26-27.
[17]刘鹏,王怀杰.标准氡室自动监控系统[J].辐射防护通讯,2007,27(4):12-15.
[18]曹勇,唐桢,肖曙光,等.《空气中氡的标准测量方法》修订[J].中国辐射卫生,2014,23(4):303-305.
[19]张雄杰.氡室氡浓度稳定技术的研究[D].江西:东华理工大学,2008.
[20]唐方东,何林锋,张雄杰,等.氡测量仪检定/校准装置的研制[J].中国测试,2010,36(1):57-60.
[21]王振基,唐方东,何林锋,等.氡室内氡气体积活度的计算方法与测量验证[J].中国计量标准,2010,(6):68-69.
[22]JJG 825-2013测氡仪检定规程[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2013.
[23]DB/T 6-2003氡气固体源检定规程[S].地震出版社,中国地震局,2003.
[24]GB/T 13163.4-2014辐射防护仪器氡及氡子体测量仪第4部分:含氡同位素及其子体参考大气的产生设备氡环境试验系统[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2015.
[25]GB/T 13163.1-2009/IEC 61577-1:2006辐射防护用氡及氡子体测量仪第2部分:氡测量仪特殊要求[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2006.
[26]JJF 1071-2010《国家计量校准规范编写规则》[S].中国标准出版社,国家质量监督检验检疫总局,2011.
[27]任宏微,姚玉霞,周红艳.测氡仪标准仪器校准法的条件研究[J].地震,2017,37(3):148-155.