梁子湖和淤泥湖团头鲂体脂沉积差异比较
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摘要
为探讨长江中下游地区梁子湖和淤泥湖团头鲂脂肪沉积和生长发育规律,采用H&E染色观察2个种质资源区团头鲂脂肪和肝脏组织的形态学及脂肪沉积变化,并用qPCR技术检测脂肪和肌肉组织中LEP、LPL、IGF-1和NPY基因表达,初步分析来自2个种质资源区团头鲂在生长和脂肪沉积能力上存在的差异。结果显示,淤泥湖团头鲂的肠系膜脂肪含量是梁子湖的约1.5倍,H&E染色发现,梁子湖团头鲂脂肪和肝脏细胞的脂滴直径比淤泥湖的小;但梁子湖团头鲂肌肉及脂肪组织中的LEP mRNA表达量显著高于淤泥湖的,肌肉组织中IGF-1mRNA的表达量也显著高于淤泥湖的,梁子湖团头鲂脂肪组织LPL mRNA表达量和淤泥湖的相比,无显著差异,2个种质资源区团头鲂NPY的mRNA表达在肌肉和脂肪组织中也没有显著性差异。由此推测,组织中体脂沉积能力及相关基因表达存在差异可能是导致梁子湖和淤泥湖团头鲂生长速度不同的主要原因之一。
To evaluate muscle development and fat deposition of blunt snout bream from Liangzi Lake and Yuni Lake,we detected histomorphological characteristics of the fat and liver,and the variation of fat accumulation by H&E staining,assessed the expression of the genes related to growth rate and lipid metabolism by qPCR.We found that fat accumulation in the mesenteric adipose tissue of blunt snout breams from Yuni Lake was about 1.5-fold of that from Liangzi Lake.H&E staining results showed that the diameter of lipid droplet was shorter in the adipose and liver tissue of blunt snout breams from Liangzi Lake than that from Yuni Lake.The expression of LEPin the muscle and adipose tissue of blunt snout breams from Yuni Lake was prominently lower than that from Liangzi Lake(P <0.05),but IGF-1 mRNA level was dramatically higher in the muscle of blunt snout breams from Liangzi Lake(P<0.05).The expression of LPLand NPYshowed no significant difference in the muscle and adipose tissues of blunt snout breams from Liangzi and Yuni Lake(P>0.05).From above,we proposed that the capacity of fat accumulation and key genes'(LEPand IGF-1)expression were different in blunt snout breams from two lakes,which may result to the different growth rates of blunt snout breams between two lakes.
To evaluate muscle development and fat deposition of blunt snout bream from Liangzi Lake and Yuni Lake,we detected histomorphological characteristics of the fat and liver,and the variation of fat accumulation by H&E staining,assessed the expression of the genes related to growth rate and lipid metabolism by qPCR.We found that fat accumulation in the mesenteric adipose tissue of blunt snout breams from Yuni Lake was about 1.5-fold of that from Liangzi Lake.H&E staining results showed that the diameter of lipid droplet was shorter in the adipose and liver tissue of blunt snout breams from Liangzi Lake than that from Yuni Lake.The expression of LEPin the muscle and adipose tissue of blunt snout breams from Yuni Lake was prominently lower than that from Liangzi Lake(P <0.05),but IGF-1 mRNA level was dramatically higher in the muscle of blunt snout breams from Liangzi Lake(P<0.05).The expression of LPLand NPYshowed no significant difference in the muscle and adipose tissues of blunt snout breams from Liangzi and Yuni Lake(P>0.05).From above,we proposed that the capacity of fat accumulation and key genes'(LEPand IGF-1)expression were different in blunt snout breams from two lakes,which may result to the different growth rates of blunt snout breams between two lakes.
引文
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[13]FAUCONNEAU B,ANDRE S,CHMAITILLY H,et al.Control of skeletal muscle fibres and adipose cell size in theesh of rainbow trout[J].J Fish Biol,1997,50:296-314.
[14]李琳,刘丽婷,段艳宇,等.猪腹脂脂肪细胞大小、数量及其与脂肪沉积能力和脂肪酸组成的相关性研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(21):16-19.
[15]卢荣华,孙君君,梁旭方,等.鱼类leptin的生物学特性及功能[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(3):583-589.
[16]KUROKAWA T,MURASHITA K.Genomic characterization of multiple leptin genes and a leptin receptor gene in the Japanese medaka,Oryzias latipes[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2009,161(2):229-237.
[17]GORISSEN M,BERNIER N J,NABUURS S B,et al.Two divergent leptin paralogues in zebrafish(Danio rerio)that originate early in teleostean evolution[J].Journal of endocrinology,2009,201(3):329-339.
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[20]赵鸿昊,李学华,曾聪,等.leptin基因在团头鲂成鱼各组织和早期发育中的表达分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(1):92-98.
[21]LI G G,LIANG X F,XIE Q L,et al.Gene structure,recombinant expression and functional characterization of grass carp leptin[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2010,166(1):117-127.
[22]LU R H,LIANG X F,WANG M,et al.The role of leptin in lipid metabolism in fatty degenerated hepatocytes of the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus[J].Fish physiology and biochemistry,2012,38(6):1759-1774.
[23]LIU C Z,HE A Y,NING L J,et al.Leptin selectively regulates nutrients metabolism in Nile tilapia fed on high carbohydrate or high fat diet[J].Frontiers in endocrinology,2018,doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00574.
[24]胡春燕,李英文.神经肽Y(NPY)的生理功能研究进展[J].生物学杂志,2011,28(2):66-68.
[25]高风英,卢迈新,黄樟翰,等.荷那龙罗非鱼两种胰岛素样生长因子基因(IGF-Ⅰ和IGF-Ⅱ)的克隆、序列分析及组织表达特征[J].农业生物技术学报,2012,20(2):171-180.
[26]MEN K,AI Q,MAI K,et al.Effects of dietary corn gluten meal on growth,digestion and protein metabolism in relation to IGF-I gene expression of Japanese seabass,Lateolabrax japonicus[J].Aquaculture,2014,428(5):303-309.
[27]DUAN C,PLISETSKAYA E M,DICKHOFF W W,et al.Expression of insulin-like growth factor I in normally and abnormally developing coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch)[J].Endocrinology,1995,136(2):446-452.
[28]WU J W,WANG B,ZHANG H W,et al.Different transcription profiles of SOCS-3,OB and IGF-I genes and their possible correlations in obese and lean pigs[J].Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica,2007,39(4):305-310.
[29]DOUROS J D,BALTZEGAR D A,MANKIEWICZ J,et al.Control of leptin by metabolic state and its regulatory interactions with pituitary growth hormone and hepatic growth hormone receptors and insulin like growth factors in the tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus)[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2017,240:227-237.
[2]WU J L,ZHANG J L,DU X X,et al.Evaluation of the distribution of adipose tissues in fish using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)[J].Aquaculture,2015,448:112-122.
[3]郭小泽,梁旭方,方刘,等.饲料中非蛋白能量源对草鱼血清生化指标和肝脏组织的影响[J].水生生物学报,2014,38(3):582-587.
[4]GUO X Z,LIANG X F,FANG L,et al.Effects of dietary nonprotein energy source levels on growth performance,body composition and lipid metabolism in herbivorous grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.)[J].Aquaculture research,2015,46(5):1197-1208.
[5]LU K L,XU W N,LI X F,et al.Hepatic triacylglycerol secretion,lipid transport and tissue lipid uptake in blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)fed high-fat diet[J].Aquaculture,2013,408/409:160-168.
[6]刘寒,吴芸倩,李会峰,等.日粮中高糖高脂对团头鲂肝脏及肠道微生物菌群组成的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2018,37(4):85-92.
[7]YAN J,LIAO K,WANG T,et al.Dietary lipid levels influence lipid deposition in the liver of large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)by regulating lipoprotein receptors,fatty acid uptake and triacylglycerol synthesis and catabolism at the transcriptional level[J].PLoS One,2015,10(6):e0129937.
[8]OKU H,OGATA H Y.Body lipid deposition in juveniles of red sea bream Pagrus major,yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata,and Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus[J].Fisheries science,2000,66:25-31.
[9]OKU H,OGATA H Y.Adipocyte distribution in cultured red sea bream,yellowtail,and Japaneseounder[C].Tokyo:Japanese Society of Fisheries Science,1998:114(in Japanese).
[10]BELLARDI S,BIANCHINI M L,DOMENIS L,et al.Effect of feeding schedule and feeding rate on size and number of adipocytes in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss[J].J World Aquacult Soc,1995,26:80-83.
[11]UMINO T,NAKAGAWA H,ARAI K.Development of adipose tissue in juvenile red sea bream[J].Fisheries Sci,1996,62:520-523.
[12]ZHOU S,ACKMAN R G,MORRISON C.Adipocytes and lipid distribution in the muscle tissue of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1996,53:326-332.
[13]FAUCONNEAU B,ANDRE S,CHMAITILLY H,et al.Control of skeletal muscle fibres and adipose cell size in theesh of rainbow trout[J].J Fish Biol,1997,50:296-314.
[14]李琳,刘丽婷,段艳宇,等.猪腹脂脂肪细胞大小、数量及其与脂肪沉积能力和脂肪酸组成的相关性研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2010,46(21):16-19.
[15]卢荣华,孙君君,梁旭方,等.鱼类leptin的生物学特性及功能[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(3):583-589.
[16]KUROKAWA T,MURASHITA K.Genomic characterization of multiple leptin genes and a leptin receptor gene in the Japanese medaka,Oryzias latipes[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2009,161(2):229-237.
[17]GORISSEN M,BERNIER N J,NABUURS S B,et al.Two divergent leptin paralogues in zebrafish(Danio rerio)that originate early in teleostean evolution[J].Journal of endocrinology,2009,201(3):329-339.
[18]RNNESTAD I,NILSEN T O,MURASHITA K,et al.Leptin and leptin receptor genes in Atlantic salmon:cloning,phylogeny,tissue distribution and expression correlated to long-term feeding status[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2010,168(1):55-70.
[19]KUROKAWA T T,MURASHITA K,SUZUKI T,et al.Genomic characterization and tissue distribution of leptin receptor and leptin receptor overlapping transcript genes in the pufferfish,Takifugu rubripes[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2008,158(1):108-114.
[20]赵鸿昊,李学华,曾聪,等.leptin基因在团头鲂成鱼各组织和早期发育中的表达分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(1):92-98.
[21]LI G G,LIANG X F,XIE Q L,et al.Gene structure,recombinant expression and functional characterization of grass carp leptin[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2010,166(1):117-127.
[22]LU R H,LIANG X F,WANG M,et al.The role of leptin in lipid metabolism in fatty degenerated hepatocytes of the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus[J].Fish physiology and biochemistry,2012,38(6):1759-1774.
[23]LIU C Z,HE A Y,NING L J,et al.Leptin selectively regulates nutrients metabolism in Nile tilapia fed on high carbohydrate or high fat diet[J].Frontiers in endocrinology,2018,doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00574.
[24]胡春燕,李英文.神经肽Y(NPY)的生理功能研究进展[J].生物学杂志,2011,28(2):66-68.
[25]高风英,卢迈新,黄樟翰,等.荷那龙罗非鱼两种胰岛素样生长因子基因(IGF-Ⅰ和IGF-Ⅱ)的克隆、序列分析及组织表达特征[J].农业生物技术学报,2012,20(2):171-180.
[26]MEN K,AI Q,MAI K,et al.Effects of dietary corn gluten meal on growth,digestion and protein metabolism in relation to IGF-I gene expression of Japanese seabass,Lateolabrax japonicus[J].Aquaculture,2014,428(5):303-309.
[27]DUAN C,PLISETSKAYA E M,DICKHOFF W W,et al.Expression of insulin-like growth factor I in normally and abnormally developing coho salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch)[J].Endocrinology,1995,136(2):446-452.
[28]WU J W,WANG B,ZHANG H W,et al.Different transcription profiles of SOCS-3,OB and IGF-I genes and their possible correlations in obese and lean pigs[J].Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica,2007,39(4):305-310.
[29]DOUROS J D,BALTZEGAR D A,MANKIEWICZ J,et al.Control of leptin by metabolic state and its regulatory interactions with pituitary growth hormone and hepatic growth hormone receptors and insulin like growth factors in the tilapia(Oreochromis mossambicus)[J].General and comparative endocrinology,2017,240:227-237.
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