琼东南盆地三亚组陆架边缘三角洲的发现及其油气勘探意义
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摘要
以琼东南盆地最新钻井和地震资料解释为基础,结合区域地质背景,从岩相、地震相、平面展布及垂向演化等几个方面入手,提出了陆架边缘三角洲这一重要深水储层类型,并与正常陆架三角洲、浅海砂坝的差异进行了对比,研究表明:琼东南盆地北部三亚组一段沉积时期发育陆架边缘三角洲;陆架边缘三角洲沉积于相对海平面下降期,岩性由浅灰色细砂岩-灰白色钙质细砂岩组成了多个反旋回序列,地震剖面上表现为明显前积特征,整体位于陆架边缘附近,明显区别于浅海砂坝和陆架三角洲;通过壁心储层物性分析,陆架边缘三角洲河口坝砂岩以细砂岩为主,单储厚度大、砂岩粒度粗,储层物性较好,鉴于陆架边缘三角洲具有良好的储层特征,有望成为我国深水油气勘探的又一主要靶区,并对其他深水盆地油气勘探具有重要借鉴意义。
According to the latest drillings and seismic data,the regional geological background,and using the lithofacies,seismic facies,plane distribution and vertical evolution characteristics,the paper points out that the shelf-margin delta is an important deepwater sedimentary body in the Qiongdongnan Basin.And compares the differences between the shelf-margin delta and the normal shelf delta and the shallow sea sandbar.The study shows that the shelf-margin delta develops in the first member of Sanya Formation in the north of Qiongdongnan Basin.The shelf-margin delta develops in the relative sea level decline period,light gray fine sandstone-off white calcareous fine sandstone composed of multiple anti-cycle sequence,with obvious progradation features visible in the seismic section.It is near the edge of the shelf,which is significantly different from the shallow sea sandbar and the normal shelf delta,with good reservoir property of sidewall core.The analysis indicates the shelf-margin delta develops estuarine sandstone,dominated by fine sandstone with large single reservoir thickness and coarse granularity.Hence,this area is expected to become another major target of deepwater petroleum exploration in China because of its favorable reservoir characteristics,and an example for petroleum exploration in other deep-water basins.
According to the latest drillings and seismic data,the regional geological background,and using the lithofacies,seismic facies,plane distribution and vertical evolution characteristics,the paper points out that the shelf-margin delta is an important deepwater sedimentary body in the Qiongdongnan Basin.And compares the differences between the shelf-margin delta and the normal shelf delta and the shallow sea sandbar.The study shows that the shelf-margin delta develops in the first member of Sanya Formation in the north of Qiongdongnan Basin.The shelf-margin delta develops in the relative sea level decline period,light gray fine sandstone-off white calcareous fine sandstone composed of multiple anti-cycle sequence,with obvious progradation features visible in the seismic section.It is near the edge of the shelf,which is significantly different from the shallow sea sandbar and the normal shelf delta,with good reservoir property of sidewall core.The analysis indicates the shelf-margin delta develops estuarine sandstone,dominated by fine sandstone with large single reservoir thickness and coarse granularity.Hence,this area is expected to become another major target of deepwater petroleum exploration in China because of its favorable reservoir characteristics,and an example for petroleum exploration in other deep-water basins.
引文
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[5]毛雪莲,朱继田,姚哲,等.琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷砂体成因与展布规律[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(6):60-68.
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[10]Wang D W,Wu S G,Li C F,et al.Submarine slide evidence for Late Miocene strike-slip reversal of the Red River Fault[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2016,59(11):2231-2239.
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[12]Chen H,Xie X N,Guo J L,et al.Provenance of Central Canyon in Qiongdongnan Basin as evidenced by detrital zircon UPb study of Upper Miocene sandstones[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2015,58(8):1337-1349.
[13]Liu J B,Sun Z,Wang Z F,et al.The evolution of the slope breaks in Qiongdongnan Basin and their controlling factors[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2015,36(2/3):211-226.
[14]Zhao Z X,Sun Z,Wang Z F,et al.The mechanics of continental extension in Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2015,36(2/3):197-210.
[15]Sun Z P,Zhai S K,Xiu C,et al.Geochemical characteristics and their significances of rare-earth elements in deep-water well core at the Lingnan Low Uplift Area of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):81-95.
[16]Ren J Y,Zhang D J,Tong D J,et al.Characterising the nature,evolution and origin of detachment fault in central depression belt,Qiongdongnan Basin of South China Sea:Evidence from seismic reflection data[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):118-126.
[17]Wang Z F,Jiang T,Zhang D J,et al.Evolution of deepwater sedimentary environments and its implication for hydrocarbon exploration in Qiongdongnan Basin,northwestern South China Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):1-10.
[18]Huang B J,Huang H,Wang Z F,et al.Kinetics and model of gas generation of source rocks in the deepwater area,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):11-18.
[19]Sun Z,Wang Z F,Sun Z P,et al.Structure and kinematic analysis of the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin through a seismic interpretation and analogue modeling experiments[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):32-40.
[20]Liu X F,Zhang D J,Zhai S K,et al.A heavy mineral viewpoint on sediment provenance and environment in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):41-55.
[21]Shang Z L,Xie X N,Li X S,et al.Difference in full-filled time and its controlling factors in the Central Canyon of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(10):81-89.
[22]姚哲,王振峰,左倩媚,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷深水大气田形成关键要素与勘探前景[J].石油学报,2015,36(11):1358-1366.
[23]Porebski S J,Steel R J.Shelf-margin deltas:Their stratigraphic significance and relation to deepwater sands[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2003,62:283-326.
[24]曾清波,陈国俊,张功成,等.珠江口盆地深水区珠海组陆架边缘三角洲特征及其意[J].沉积学报,2015,33(3):595-606.
[25]柳保军,庞雄,颜承志.珠江口盆地白云深水区渐新世-中新世陆架坡折带演化及油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):234-242.
[26]徐强,王英民,吕明,等.陆架边缘三角洲在层序地层格架中的识别及其意义:以南海白云凹陷为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(54):733-742.
[27]祝彦贺,朱伟林,徐强,等.珠江口盆地13.8 Ma陆架边缘三角洲与陆坡深水扇的“源-汇”关系[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,42(12):3827-3834.
[28]王永凤,王英民,李冬,等.陆架边缘三角洲沉积特征研究及其油气意义[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(7):28-33
[29]易雪斐,张昌民,李少华,等.珠江口盆地NSQ2陆架边缘三角洲的识别标志及沉积模式[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,29(3):257-261.
[30]易雪斐,张昌民,李少华,等.珠江口盆地21 Ma和13.8 Ma陆架边缘三角洲对比[J].石油与天然气,2014,35(5):670-678.
[31]吴景富,徐强,祝彦贺.南海白云凹陷深水区渐新世-中新世陆架边缘三角洲形成及演化[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2010,35(4):681-690.
[32]Kolla V,Biondi P,Long B,et al.Sequence stratigraphy and architecture of the late Pleistocene Lagniappe delta complex,northeast Gulf of Mexico[J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,2000,172(1):291-327.
[33]龚再升.中国近海大油气田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:167-172.
[34]Haq B U,Hardenbol J,Vail P R.Mesozoic and Cenozoic chronostratigraphy and eustatic cycles[J].Society of Economic Paleontologist and Special Publication,USA,1988(42):71-108.
[35]王华,陆永潮,廖远涛,等.琼东南盆地中东部三亚组层序构成及有利区带预测[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5):609-614.
[36]朱筱敏,葛家旺,赵宏超,等.陆架边缘三角洲研究进展及实例分析[J].沉积学报,2017,35(5):945-957.
[37]苏明,李俊良,姜涛,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(4):85-93.
[38]谢金有,祝幼华,李绪深,等.南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地新生代海平面变化[J].海相油气地质,2012(1)49-58.
[39]Gong C L,Steel R J,Wang Y M,et al.Shelf-margin architecture variability and its role in sediment-budget partitioning into deep-water areas[J].Earth Science Reviews,2016,154:72-101.
[2]Wang C,Liang X Q,Liang X R,et al.Research advance in sediment provenance of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),2017,91(Sup.1):261-262.
[3]付超,于兴河,金丽娜,等.琼东南盆地莺歌海组重力流沉积演化过程[J].沉积学报,2017,35(3):552-560.
[4]张迎朝,徐新德,甘军,等.琼东南盆地深水大气田地质特征、成藏模式及勘探方向研究[J].地质学报,2017,91(7):1620-1633.
[5]毛雪莲,朱继田,姚哲,等.琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷砂体成因与展布规律[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(6):60-68.
[6]李超,陈国俊,张功成,等.琼东南盆地深水区东段中中新世深水扇发育特征及物源分析[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(10):1555-1564.
[7]张道军,张迎朝,邵磊,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷沉积物源探讨[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(10):1574-1581.
[8]Liu Z,Sun Z P,Wang Z S,et al.Evaluation of abundant hydrocarbon-generation depressions in the deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2016,35(2):137-144.
[9]Zhao Y H,Tong D J,Song Y,et al.Seismic reflection characteristics and evolution of intrusions in the Qiongdongnan Basin:Implications for the rifting of the South China Sea[J].Journal of Earth Science,2016,27(4):642-653.
[10]Wang D W,Wu S G,Li C F,et al.Submarine slide evidence for Late Miocene strike-slip reversal of the Red River Fault[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2016,59(11):2231-2239.
[11]张功成,曾清波,苏龙,等.琼东南盆地深水区陵水17-2大气田成藏机理[J].石油学报,2016,37(增刊1):34-46.
[12]Chen H,Xie X N,Guo J L,et al.Provenance of Central Canyon in Qiongdongnan Basin as evidenced by detrital zircon UPb study of Upper Miocene sandstones[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2015,58(8):1337-1349.
[13]Liu J B,Sun Z,Wang Z F,et al.The evolution of the slope breaks in Qiongdongnan Basin and their controlling factors[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2015,36(2/3):211-226.
[14]Zhao Z X,Sun Z,Wang Z F,et al.The mechanics of continental extension in Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2015,36(2/3):197-210.
[15]Sun Z P,Zhai S K,Xiu C,et al.Geochemical characteristics and their significances of rare-earth elements in deep-water well core at the Lingnan Low Uplift Area of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):81-95.
[16]Ren J Y,Zhang D J,Tong D J,et al.Characterising the nature,evolution and origin of detachment fault in central depression belt,Qiongdongnan Basin of South China Sea:Evidence from seismic reflection data[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,33(12):118-126.
[17]Wang Z F,Jiang T,Zhang D J,et al.Evolution of deepwater sedimentary environments and its implication for hydrocarbon exploration in Qiongdongnan Basin,northwestern South China Sea[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):1-10.
[18]Huang B J,Huang H,Wang Z F,et al.Kinetics and model of gas generation of source rocks in the deepwater area,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):11-18.
[19]Sun Z,Wang Z F,Sun Z P,et al.Structure and kinematic analysis of the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin through a seismic interpretation and analogue modeling experiments[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):32-40.
[20]Liu X F,Zhang D J,Zhai S K,et al.A heavy mineral viewpoint on sediment provenance and environment in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(4):41-55.
[21]Shang Z L,Xie X N,Li X S,et al.Difference in full-filled time and its controlling factors in the Central Canyon of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(10):81-89.
[22]姚哲,王振峰,左倩媚,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷深水大气田形成关键要素与勘探前景[J].石油学报,2015,36(11):1358-1366.
[23]Porebski S J,Steel R J.Shelf-margin deltas:Their stratigraphic significance and relation to deepwater sands[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2003,62:283-326.
[24]曾清波,陈国俊,张功成,等.珠江口盆地深水区珠海组陆架边缘三角洲特征及其意[J].沉积学报,2015,33(3):595-606.
[25]柳保军,庞雄,颜承志.珠江口盆地白云深水区渐新世-中新世陆架坡折带演化及油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):234-242.
[26]徐强,王英民,吕明,等.陆架边缘三角洲在层序地层格架中的识别及其意义:以南海白云凹陷为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(54):733-742.
[27]祝彦贺,朱伟林,徐强,等.珠江口盆地13.8 Ma陆架边缘三角洲与陆坡深水扇的“源-汇”关系[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,42(12):3827-3834.
[28]王永凤,王英民,李冬,等.陆架边缘三角洲沉积特征研究及其油气意义[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(7):28-33
[29]易雪斐,张昌民,李少华,等.珠江口盆地NSQ2陆架边缘三角洲的识别标志及沉积模式[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,29(3):257-261.
[30]易雪斐,张昌民,李少华,等.珠江口盆地21 Ma和13.8 Ma陆架边缘三角洲对比[J].石油与天然气,2014,35(5):670-678.
[31]吴景富,徐强,祝彦贺.南海白云凹陷深水区渐新世-中新世陆架边缘三角洲形成及演化[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2010,35(4):681-690.
[32]Kolla V,Biondi P,Long B,et al.Sequence stratigraphy and architecture of the late Pleistocene Lagniappe delta complex,northeast Gulf of Mexico[J].Geological Society,London,Special Publications,2000,172(1):291-327.
[33]龚再升.中国近海大油气田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:167-172.
[34]Haq B U,Hardenbol J,Vail P R.Mesozoic and Cenozoic chronostratigraphy and eustatic cycles[J].Society of Economic Paleontologist and Special Publication,USA,1988(42):71-108.
[35]王华,陆永潮,廖远涛,等.琼东南盆地中东部三亚组层序构成及有利区带预测[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(5):609-614.
[36]朱筱敏,葛家旺,赵宏超,等.陆架边缘三角洲研究进展及实例分析[J].沉积学报,2017,35(5):945-957.
[37]苏明,李俊良,姜涛,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷的形态及成因[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2009,29(4):85-93.
[38]谢金有,祝幼华,李绪深,等.南海北部大陆架莺琼盆地新生代海平面变化[J].海相油气地质,2012(1)49-58.
[39]Gong C L,Steel R J,Wang Y M,et al.Shelf-margin architecture variability and its role in sediment-budget partitioning into deep-water areas[J].Earth Science Reviews,2016,154:72-101.