环境中全氟烷基酸物质的来源和人体暴露
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- 英文论文题名：Sources of PFAAs in The Environment and Their Human Exposure
- 论文作者：祝凌燕 ; 张义峰 ; 单国强 ; 方淑红 ; 蒋玮炜
- 英文论文作者：Lingyan Zhu ; YF Zhang ; GQ Shan ; SH Fang ; WW Jiang ; College of Environmental Science and Engineering ; Nankai University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：南开大学环境科学与工程学院;
- 论文关键词：全氟化合物 ; 全氟烷基酸 ; 来源 ; 异构体 ; 人体暴露
- 会议召开时间：2016-07-01
- 会议录名称：中国化学会第30届学术年会摘要集-第二十六分会：环境化学
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：X501;X503.1
- 学会代码：ZGHY
- 会议名称：中国化学会第30届学术年会-第二十六分会 ; 环境化学
- 会议地点：中国辽宁大连
- 主办单位：中国化学会
- 学会名称：中国化学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：154k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
由于长期生产和使用,全氟烷基酸(perfluoroalkyl acids,PFAAs)在环境中广泛存在并在世界各国人体样本中检出。全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluorooctanesulfonate,PFOS)和全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoate,PFOA)是环境中检出频率最高的两种PFAAs。PFAAs具有持久性、生物累积性和一定的生物毒性。目前欧美等发达国家对PFOS和PFOA的生产和使用进行了限制,但环境中大量的前驱物可通过生物和非生物途径降解为PFOS和PFOA,存在一定的环境风险。通过对江苏某氟工业园区周边地区、太湖流域水体、华北地区降雪等的野外调查发现,氟工业生产是长江等水体环境中PFAAs的重要来源。太湖水体中PFAAs主要来源于其上游水体的输入,而大气沉降的贡献只占10%。通过异构体指纹技术发现太湖水体中PFOS、PFOA有部分来自于其前驱物的降解。尽管PFAAs不易挥发,仍然可以通过与颗粒物结合或气溶胶的形式进行大气传输,而城市大气中PFAAs主要来源于其直接排放而非前驱物的降解。定量计算了PFAAs及其典型异构体在人体中的肾清除速率,阐明了PFASs末端官能团、碳链长度、碳链支链化等对肾清除的影响规律;探明了青年女性可通过其特殊生理途径排出体内的PFAAs,尤其是磺酸类的PFAAs,导致其体内PFASs的半衰期短于其他人群。通过对人体主要暴露来源(食品、饮用水、灰尘等)的研究,并利用模型计算,说明了直接摄入是影响人体内PFOS、PFOA异构体组成的主要因素。
Perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) are a group of chemicals which are commonly present in environment and humans.Perfluorooctanesulfonate(PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate(PFOA) are the most frequently detected PFAAs in the environment.PFAAs could be originated from the direct release during production,usage and disposal,and indirect release due to degradation of some precursors.Field studies around a fluorochemical industry base indicated that the manufacturing would lead to pollution of PFAAs in Yangtze River and surrounding environment.In Taihu Lake,PFAAs were mainly from the upstream flow-in rivers while atmosphere deposition contributed around 10% of the total flux.PFAAs could be transport via air by combined with particles or aerosol.Elimination of PFAAs through human depends on the carbon chain length,end functional groups and branch positions.Direct intake plays an important role on the isomeric compositions of PFOS and PFOA in humans.
Perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) are a group of chemicals which are commonly present in environment and humans.Perfluorooctanesulfonate(PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate(PFOA) are the most frequently detected PFAAs in the environment.PFAAs could be originated from the direct release during production,usage and disposal,and indirect release due to degradation of some precursors.Field studies around a fluorochemical industry base indicated that the manufacturing would lead to pollution of PFAAs in Yangtze River and surrounding environment.In Taihu Lake,PFAAs were mainly from the upstream flow-in rivers while atmosphere deposition contributed around 10% of the total flux.PFAAs could be transport via air by combined with particles or aerosol.Elimination of PFAAs through human depends on the carbon chain length,end functional groups and branch positions.Direct intake plays an important role on the isomeric compositions of PFOS and PFOA in humans.
引文
[1]Appleman T.D.;Higgins C.P.;Quinones O.et al.Water Res.2014,51:246-55.
[2]Beesoon S.;Martin J.W.;Environ.Sci.Technol.2015,49:5722-31.
[2]Beesoon S.;Martin J.W.;Environ.Sci.Technol.2015,49:5722-31.