海洋生物资源养护制度中的方法与原则研究
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- 英文论文题名：Study on the Approaches and Principles of Marine Living Resources Conservation
- 论文作者：邵化斌
- 英文论文作者：SHAO Huabin ; Marine Policy and Law Insititute ; Shanghai Ocean University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：上海海洋大学海洋政策与法律研究所;
- 论文关键词：海洋生物资源养护 ; 方法原则 ; 应用实践 ; 海洋环境法
- 英文论文关键词：Marine living resources conservation ; Approaches and Principles ; Prictices ; Law of marine environment
- 会议召开时间：2016-11-02
- 会议录名称：2016年中国水产学会学术年会论文摘要集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：P745;D922.65
- 学会代码：OGSB
- 会议名称：2016年中国水产学会学术年会
- 会议地点：中国四川成都
- 主办单位：中国水产学会、四川省水产学会
- 学会名称：中国水产学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：504k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
自上世纪70年代以来,海洋生物资源养护制度快速发展,形成了诸多方法与原则。文章着重对当前海洋生物资源养护管理中应用实践较多的可持续发展原则、生态系统方法、风险预防原则、国际合作机制以及遵守责任等方法原则做了梳理与介绍,并从海洋环境保护的宏观视角下对其在海洋生物资源养护中的实践特点及发展趋势做了评估。文章认为:可持续发展原则是当前约束管理一切海洋活动的首要准则,民众层面已有较为普遍的可持续发展意识;生态系统方法是海洋生物资源管理养护制度中重要的综合性管理方式,也是衡量某一管理模式或管理体制先进与否的一种准则;风险预防原则是一项正在形成的国际习惯法规则,并将会在海洋生物资源养护中发挥越来越大的作用;国际合作是海洋环境保护的最主要手段,其相应配套的制度与规则也正在逐步标准化,为实现更为有效的海洋生物资源养护奠定基础;国家遵守责任是海洋生物资源养护措施得以顺利实施的根本保证,直接将养护义务与国家责任制度联系起来,是当前国际法发展的新趋势。我国在海洋生物资源养护制度建设方面已经做了很多努力,并紧跟国际发展形势,取得了一些进展。文章最后认为,国内法律制度与国际方法原则的有机结合,是管理制度向前发展的重要动力。
Since the 1970 s, the system of marine living resources conservation has developed rapidly, and formed many approaches or principles. The paper focused on that been more practical application in the current, they are Sustainable Development Principle, Ecosystem Approach,Precautionary Principle, International Regimes and the Responsible of Compliance. And evaluated the characteristics or developing trend from the macro perspective of marine environmental protection.The principle of sustainable development is principal criteria in current management of all marine activities, and the people have more general awareness of sustainable development;Ecosystem approaches are important integrated methods of marine living resources conservation,and also are guidelines to measure that one management mode or system is advanced or not. The precautionary principle is nascent rule of customary international law, and it will play a more important role in the future. International Regimes are the main means of marine environmental protection, the supporting system and rules are gradually standardizing, it will be a foundation for more effective conservation of living marine resources.
Since the 1970 s, the system of marine living resources conservation has developed rapidly, and formed many approaches or principles. The paper focused on that been more practical application in the current, they are Sustainable Development Principle, Ecosystem Approach,Precautionary Principle, International Regimes and the Responsible of Compliance. And evaluated the characteristics or developing trend from the macro perspective of marine environmental protection.The principle of sustainable development is principal criteria in current management of all marine activities, and the people have more general awareness of sustainable development;Ecosystem approaches are important integrated methods of marine living resources conservation,and also are guidelines to measure that one management mode or system is advanced or not. The precautionary principle is nascent rule of customary international law, and it will play a more important role in the future. International Regimes are the main means of marine environmental protection, the supporting system and rules are gradually standardizing, it will be a foundation for more effective conservation of living marine resources.
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