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玉米秸秆生物炭对砷镉复合污染土壤中砷镉形态的影响
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摘要
本文通过室内土壤培养的方法,研究不同温度条件下制备的玉米秸秆生物炭添加在淹水环境下对砷镉复合污染土壤中砷镉各形态的影响。试验设置5个处理:CK、CB-300、CB-400、CB-500、CS,试验周期为120天,每6天取土壤样品约20g,分析土壤氧化还原电位,p H值及不同形态砷镉含量动态变化。试验结果表明,与CK相比,添加玉米秸秆生物炭可提高土壤p H值0.2~1.24个单位,添加玉米秸秆粉末可提高土壤p H值0.27个单位,随着培养时间的延长,p H值趋于平衡状态;氧化还原电位在淹水及玉米秸秆生物炭的处理下迅速下降,土壤呈现强还原状态,培养至第96天氧化还原电位达到最低点;CB-300、CB-400、CB-500、CS处理组土壤可交换态镉含量比例由对照的58.09%分别降至46.89%、46.56%、45.06%、55.62%;可还原态镉含量比例由对照的28.05%分别降至22.47%、21.99%、21.94%、23.12%;可氧化态镉含量比例由对照的3.98%分别升高至10.08%、10.02%、11.11%、5.45%;残渣态镉含量比例由对照的10.03%升高至20.53%、21.42%、21.81%、15.79%;CB-300、CB-400、CB-500、CS处理组土壤有效砷含量由对照的3.12mg/kg分别升高至5.17mg/kg、5.30mg/kg、5.24mg/kg、5.26mg/kg,随着培养时间的延长,水溶态砷含量呈现升高-下降-升高的变化规律,砷活性指数略有降低,但未达到显著差异。
In this paper, the effects of bio-carbon on the arsenic and cadmium forms in arsenic-cadmium compound polluted soils under different temperature conditions were studied. The treatment consisted of five treatments: CK CB-300 CB-400 CB-500 CS, the test period was 120 days, soil samples were taken every 6 days, and the redox potential, p H and arsenic and cadmium were measured. The results showed that the addition of cornstraw biochar could increase the soil p H value by 0.2 ~ 1.24 units compared with CK, adding corn stalk powder can increase the soil p H value of 0.27, units and the p H value reached equilibrium state when the culture time was prolonged. The oxidation-reduction potential decreased rapidly under the condition of flooding and bio-charcoal of corn straw, and the soil showed a strong reduction state. The redox potential reached the lowest point after 96-day culture. The percentage of exchangeable Cd in CB-300, CB-400, CB-500, CS-treated soils decreased from 57.91% to 46.91%, 35.16%, 44.19% and 55.54%, the content of reducible cadmium decreased from 26.35% to 22.41%, 21.91%, 21.94% and 22.48%, respectively; The proportion of oxidized cadmium increased from 3.97% to 10.05%, 9.99%, 11.07% and 5.44%, respectively. The proportion of residual cadmium increased from 10.00% to 20.47%, 21.36%, 21.75%, 15.76%. The effective arsenic contents of CB-300, CB-400, CB-500, CS treated groups were increased from 3.12mg/kg to 5.17mg/kg, 5.30mg/kg, 5.24mg/kg, 5.26mg/kg, with the extension of culture time, the arsenic content of water soluble increased, decreased and increased, arsenic activity index decreased slightly, but did not reach significant differences.
引文
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