有机施肥和化学施肥对三种石斛生长及品质的影响
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- 英文论文题名：Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilization on Growth and Quality Properties of Three Dendrobium Species
- 论文作者：王再花 ; 李杰 ; 何梅 ; 章金辉
- 英文论文作者：WANG Zai-hua ; LI Jie ; HE Mei ; ZHANG Jin-hui ; Environmental Horticulture Research Institute ; Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences ; Guangdong Key Lab of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室;
- 论文关键词：石斛 ; 有机施肥 ; 化学施肥 ; 营养生长 ; 多糖含量
- 英文论文关键词：Dendrobium ; Organic fertilization ; Chemical fertilization ; Vegetative growth ; Polysaccharide contents
- 会议召开时间：2016-07-19
- 会议录名称：中国观赏园艺研究进展2016
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S682.31
- 学会代码：EGYP
- 会议名称：2016年中国观赏园艺学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国湖南长沙
- 主办单位：中国园艺学会观赏园艺专业委员会、国家花卉工程技术研究中心
- 学会名称：中国园艺学会
- 页数：5
- 文件大小：885k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
比较了不同施肥处理(花多多、花生麸、虾类发酵液和清水对照)对金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)、铁皮石斛(Dendrobium officinale)和杂交石斛D.officinale×D.nobile(DODN)生长及品质的影响。结果表明,5~8月,为3种石斛生长最快的时期;9~10月,石斛生长减缓,进入生殖生长。3种施肥均能促进石斛的营养生长,其中以化学肥料花多多效果最佳,其次为有机肥花生麸;而有机肥虾类发酵液和花生麸则更能提高石斛的多糖含量,使品质提高。生长比较结果可知,3种施肥处理对金钗石斛新芽增量无显著影响;但花多多和花生麸显著提高铁皮石斛新芽增量,而虾类发酵液显著提高DODN新芽增量。3种施肥中,花多多更能促进DODN株高的增长,但对金钗石斛与铁皮石斛株高增量无显著影响;同时,与对照相比,花多多处理显著促进铁皮石斛茎长粗,而其他处理无显著影响。品质比较结果可知,金钗石斛与铁皮石斛多糖含量积累以虾类发酵液施肥效果最好,其次为花生麸施肥,而效果最差的为花多多施肥,与对照之间无显著差异;但3种施肥处理对DODN多糖含量无显著影响。
The growth changes and quality properties of Dendrobium nobile,Dendrobium officinale and D.officinale x D.nobile(DODN) were measured under different fertilizer treatments(Peters professional,peanut bran,shrimp fermentation and water control).The results showed that the vegetative growth period of three species were from May to August,and the reproductive growth period of them were September to October.Three fertilizer treatments had promoted vegetative growth,and the best was Peters professional(Chemical fertilizer),followed with peanut bran(organic fertilizer),while shrimp fermentation(organic fertilizer) and peanut bran increased significantly polysaccharide content No significant difference was observed in the buds increment of D.nobile,but Peter professional and peanut bran had increased significantly buds increment of D.officinale,and shrimp fermentation fertilization had increased significantly that of DODN.Compared with the control,peter professional treatments increased significantly the plant height of DODN,but it was insignificant for D.officinale and DODN.Peter fertilization had thicken significantly of D.officinale stems,while three no obvious effects among other treatments.For quality properties,the optimum fertilizer was shrimp fermentation with increasing significantly of polysaccharide contents in D.nobile and D.officinale,followed with the group of peanut bran.Meanwhile,there was no difference on polysaccharide contents of DODN among three fertilizer treatments.
The growth changes and quality properties of Dendrobium nobile,Dendrobium officinale and D.officinale x D.nobile(DODN) were measured under different fertilizer treatments(Peters professional,peanut bran,shrimp fermentation and water control).The results showed that the vegetative growth period of three species were from May to August,and the reproductive growth period of them were September to October.Three fertilizer treatments had promoted vegetative growth,and the best was Peters professional(Chemical fertilizer),followed with peanut bran(organic fertilizer),while shrimp fermentation(organic fertilizer) and peanut bran increased significantly polysaccharide content No significant difference was observed in the buds increment of D.nobile,but Peter professional and peanut bran had increased significantly buds increment of D.officinale,and shrimp fermentation fertilization had increased significantly that of DODN.Compared with the control,peter professional treatments increased significantly the plant height of DODN,but it was insignificant for D.officinale and DODN.Peter fertilization had thicken significantly of D.officinale stems,while three no obvious effects among other treatments.For quality properties,the optimum fertilizer was shrimp fermentation with increasing significantly of polysaccharide contents in D.nobile and D.officinale,followed with the group of peanut bran.Meanwhile,there was no difference on polysaccharide contents of DODN among three fertilizer treatments.
引文
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2.国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010.
3.李松克.施肥对铁皮石斛组培苗的效应研究[J].农技服务,2013,05:492+494.
4.李波,顾明华,沈方科,等.花生麸与无机肥配施对烤烟产质量和土壤肥力的影响[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(1):144-148.
5.王廷波,王微.果树种植中花生麸肥的施用方法及注意事项[J].吉林农业,2014,15:90.
6.区善汉,梅正敏,林林,等.施用花生麸对沙田柚果实品质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(12):2168-2172.
7.田雁飞,马友华,褚进华,等.水稻减量化施肥与氨基酸水溶性肥配施效果研究[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(15):34-39.
8.孔小平.氨基酸液肥不同施肥方法对葡萄营养品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(15):49-51.
9.郭华婷.含氨基酸水溶肥料在蔬菜上的肥效应用[J].中国果菜,2013,11:52-53.
10.陈淑钦,余志雄,王威,等.栽培模式对铁皮石斛光合能力及品质的影响[J].热带作物学报,2016,04:679-684.
11.徐作英,严伟,廖晓康,等.栽培金钗石斛形态鉴别和总生物碱含量研究[J].四川师范大学学报(自然科学版),2010,03:361-365.
12.王再花,朱根发,操君喜,等.不同施肥处理对春石斛生长特性和矿物质含量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2011a,05:83-86.
13.漆小雪,韦霄,陈宗游,等.不同肥料对金钗石斛生物学性状、SPAD值和石斛碱含量的影响[J].北方园艺,2014,05:143-146.
14.王再花,朱根发,操君喜,等.不同N、P、K水平施肥对春石斛营养生长和开花的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011b,16:248-254.
15.Xu J,Han Q B,Li L S,Chen X J,Wang X N,Zhao Z Z,Chen H B.Chemistry,bioactivity and quality control ofDendrobium,a commonly used tonic herb in traditional Chinese medicine[J].Phytochem.Rev.,2013,12:341-367.