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溶液中亲核取代反应动力学参数的理论模拟
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摘要
亲核取代(SN)反应是一类典型的有机反应,实验上已获得丰富的动力学参数。对双分子反应,计算得到的活化熵与实验值之间的较大误差使得溶液中反应活化自由能的准确计算仍存在挑战。本文选取52个SN反应,分别采用液相平动熵模型(THERMO程序)和气相平动熵模型(Gaussian程序)对其动力学参数进行了计算。研究结果表明:利用液相平动熵模型计算得到的动力学参数与实验值吻合较好,均方根误差为1.5 kcal/mol;利用气相平动熵模型计算得到的反应活化自由能与实验值的均方根误差高达6.8 kcal/mol。
The kinetic parameters, such as activation entropy, activation enthalpy, activation free-energy, and reaction rate constant, for 52 nucleophilic substitution(SN) reactions in solution, are investigated using both a solution translational entropy model and an ideal gas-phase translational entropy model.The results obtained from solution translational entropy model are in excellent agreement with experimental values, while, the root-mean-square-deviation(RMSD) between the activation free-energy from an ideal gas-phase translational entropy model and the experiments is 6.8 kcal/mol.
引文
[1]Li,Y.;Fang,D.C.Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys.2014,16:15224.
    [2]Zhao,L.;Li,Sh.J.;Fang,D.C.Chem Phys Chem,2015,16:3711.
    [3]Fang,D.C.THERMO,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,China,2013,free of charge for academic users.

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