新生代农民工压力源现状的调查研究

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• 英文论文题名：A Survey Research on the Current Situation of New-generation Peasant Workers' Stressors
• 论文作者：姚本先 ; 甄瑞
• 英文论文作者：Yao Ben-xian ; Zhen Rui ; College of Educational Science ; Anhui Normal University
• 年：2015
• 作者机构：安徽师范大学教育科学学院;
• 论文关键词：新生代农民工 ; 压力源 ; 现状
• 英文论文关键词：new-generation peasant workers ; stressor ; current situation
• 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
• 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
• 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：D412.6;C912.64
• 学会代码：ZGXG
• 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
• 会议地点：中国天津
• 主办单位：中国心理学会
• 学会名称：中国心理学会
• 页数：2
• 文件大小：781k
• 原文格式：D
• 会议级别：全国

摘要

目的调查新生代农民工的压力源现状,探究新生代农民工在性别、婚姻状况、受教育程度、收入水平以及工作更换频次等变量上的压力源类型和压力程度的差异情况。方法利用自编的新生代农民工压力源问卷,采用整群随机取样的方式对在上海、北京、南京、苏州和重庆等地务工的502名新生代农民工进行调查。结果 1)新生代农民工在此问卷上的单个项目得分均值为1.89(项目得分范围为0-4),其中,除"家庭收支"的项目均值超过2.0外,其余各压力源的项目均值处于1.56-1.99之间。重复测量方差分析结果显示,新生代农民工的各压力源维度间存在着显著的差异[F=39.48,p<0.001],事后检验发现,新生代农民工在"家庭收支"压力源上的压力程度最大,而在"家庭环境"上的压力程度最小;2)分别以性别、婚姻状况、受教育程度、收入水平以及工作更换频次等变量为组间自变量,以压力源类型作组内自变量进行5次混合方差分析,发现压力源类型的主效应均显著;性别的主效应不显著[F=0.86,p>0.05],压力源与性别的交互效应不显著[F=1.68,p>0.05];婚姻状况的主效应不显著[F=1.25,p>0.05],压力源与婚姻状况的交互效应显著[F=5.18,p<0.001];学历的主效应显著[F=5.86,p<0.01],压力源类型与学历的交互效应显著[F=2.58,p<0.001];平均月收入水平的主效应呈边缘显著[F=2.44,p=0.064<0.1],压力源类型与平均月收入间的交互效应显著[F=1.87,p<0.01];更换工作频次的主效应不显著[F=1.29,p>0.05];压力源与更换工作频次的交互效应显著[F=1.59,p<0.05]。结论从人口学变量的主效应角度看,各压力源对新生代农民工造成的压力程度在性别、婚姻状况以及工作更换频次上无显著差异,但在受教育水平和收入水平上存在显著差异;从人口学变量与压力源类型的交互作用角度看,除性别外,婚姻状况、受教育水平、收入水平以及工作更换频次与压力源类型的交互作用均显著。
Objective To investigate the current situation of new-generation peasant workers' stressors, and to examine whether stressor type and stress level have differences in gender, marital status, education background, income level, and frequency in changing jobs. Method Using our self-developed stressor questionnaire for new-generation peasant workers, and by cluster random sampling, 502 new-generation peasant workers from Shanghai, Beijing, Nanjing, Suzhou, and Chongqing city were investigated in our survey. Results 1) The mean score of new-generation peasant workers on each single item is 1.89(each item is rated on a scale of 0 to 4). Except the mean of items on "domestic income and expenditure" exceeded 2.0, means of items on all the other subscales ranged from 1.56 to 1.99. MANOVA of repeated measuring showed that there were significant differences between 8 dimensions of new-generation peasant workers' stressors [F=39.48,p<0.001]. Post hoc test further showed that "domestic income and expenditure" brought the most degree of stress, whereas "family environment" brought the least to new-generation peasant workers. 2) We conducted two-factors mixed analysis of variance for 5 times, with gender, marital status, education background, income level and frequency in changing jobs serving as independent variables between groups respectively, and stressor type as independent variables within groups. The results found that the main effects of stressor type were all significant; both the main effect of gender and the interaction effect between stressor type and gender were non-significant [F=0.86, p>0.05; F=1.68, p>0.05]; the main effect of marital status was non-significant [F=1.25, p>0.05],while the interaction effect between stressor type and marital status was significant [F=5.18, p<0.001]; the main effect of education background and the interaction effect between stressor type and education background were significant [F=5.86, p<0.01; F=2.58, p<0.001]; the main effect of income level was marginally significant [F=2.44, p=0.064<0.1], and the interaction effect between stressor type and income level were significant [F=1.87, p<0.01]; the main effect of frequency in changing jobs was non-significant [F=1.29, p>0.05],while the interaction effect between stressor type and frequency in changing jobs was significant [F=1.59, p<0.05]. Conclusions In terms of the main effects of demographic variables, while the stress level brought by different types of stressor had no significant differences in gender, marital status, and the frequency in changing jobs, the stress level had significant differences in education background and income level. From the perspective of the interaction effects between demographic variables and types of stressor, except gender, the interaction effects between marital status, education background, income level, frequency in changing jobs and types of stressor were all significant.

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