童年中期儿童羞怯与心理适应不良之间的关系:一个有调节的中介模型检验
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- 英文论文题名：Relations Between Shyness and Psychological Maladjustment in Middle Childhood: Examining a Moderated Mediation Model
- 论文作者：杨盼盼 ; 刘俊升 ; 曹健
- 英文论文作者：Panpan Yang ; Junsheng Liu ; Jian Cao ; Department of Psychology ; Shanghai Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：上海师范大学心理学系;
- 论文关键词：羞怯 ; 同伴侵害 ; 心理适应不良 ; 朋友支持 ; 有调节的中介模型
- 英文论文关键词：shyness ; peer victimization ; psychological maladjustment ; friendship support ; moderated mediation model
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B844.1
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：879k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
羞怯作为一种气质特点,其典型特征是个体在面临陌生的社交情境或意识到自己在被他人评价时感到紧张焦虑。已有研究表明,羞怯儿童更容易遭受同伴侵害,并表现出孤独、抑郁等心理适应不良现象。因此,哪些因子在其中起保护作用便成为目前研究的热点。但是,对在其中起到保护性作用的因子的研究并不多。本研究通过同伴评价、自我报告对563名四年级与五年级儿童进行了数据收集,考察童年中期同伴侵害在羞怯与心理适应不良(孤独、抑郁)的关系中的中介作用,以及性别对朋友支持对上述关系的调节作用。研究结果表明:(1)羞怯与同伴侵害、孤独、抑郁呈显著正相关,朋友支持与孤独、抑郁显著负相关,受欺负与孤独、抑郁呈显著正相关;(2)多元方差分析表明,男孩在羞怯水平和朋友支持水平上显著低于女孩,而在同伴侵害、孤独、抑郁水平上显著高于女孩;(3)有调节的中介效应分析显示,同伴侵害在羞怯与孤独感、羞怯与抑郁的关系中起部分中介作用,这种中介受性别(前半路径)和朋友支持(后半路径)的调节;具体表现为:相比于低水平的朋友支持,高水平的朋友支持更能降低同伴侵害对孤独、抑郁的预测作用。研究结果在一定程度上揭示了羞怯经由同伴侵害影响心理适应不良的作用机制以及可能的保护因子。
Shyness, which is defined as a temperament, has been conceptualized as wariness in the face of social novelty and/or self-conscious behavior in situations of perceived social evaluation. Empirical findings indicated that shy children were prone to peer victimization, as well as psychological maladjustment, including loneliness, and symptoms of depression. However, it should be noted that which factors could act as protector has get less known. Friendship plays an important role in buffering the psychological maladjustment by providing affection, companionship, and instrumental and emotional support. Therefore, in the present study a moderate mediation model was examined, in which peer victimization mediated the relations between shyness and loneliness as well as depression, and this mediation effect was moderated by friendship support. Participants were 563 children in middle childhood. Assessments of shyness, peer victimization, friendship support, loneliness and depression were obtained from multiple sources, including self-reports and peer nominations. Results indicated that:(1) shyness was positively associated with peer victimization, loneliness and depression, and negatively associated with friendship support; friendship support was negatively associated with loneliness and depression; peer victimization was negatively associated with loneliness and depression;(2) there were significant gender difference in shyness, peer victimization, loneliness, depression and friendship support, boys had higher scores on peer victimization, loneliness, depression and had lower scores on shyness and friendship support than girls;(3)Peer victimization mediated the relations between shyness and psychological maladjustment, and further,(4) gender moderated the first stage path and friendship support moderated the second stage path. Compared to lower level of friendship support, higher friendship support could buffer the psychological maladjustment caused by shyness via peer victimization. The results suggested that friendship support could protect shyness child from psychological maladjustment in some degree.
Shyness, which is defined as a temperament, has been conceptualized as wariness in the face of social novelty and/or self-conscious behavior in situations of perceived social evaluation. Empirical findings indicated that shy children were prone to peer victimization, as well as psychological maladjustment, including loneliness, and symptoms of depression. However, it should be noted that which factors could act as protector has get less known. Friendship plays an important role in buffering the psychological maladjustment by providing affection, companionship, and instrumental and emotional support. Therefore, in the present study a moderate mediation model was examined, in which peer victimization mediated the relations between shyness and loneliness as well as depression, and this mediation effect was moderated by friendship support. Participants were 563 children in middle childhood. Assessments of shyness, peer victimization, friendship support, loneliness and depression were obtained from multiple sources, including self-reports and peer nominations. Results indicated that:(1) shyness was positively associated with peer victimization, loneliness and depression, and negatively associated with friendship support; friendship support was negatively associated with loneliness and depression; peer victimization was negatively associated with loneliness and depression;(2) there were significant gender difference in shyness, peer victimization, loneliness, depression and friendship support, boys had higher scores on peer victimization, loneliness, depression and had lower scores on shyness and friendship support than girls;(3)Peer victimization mediated the relations between shyness and psychological maladjustment, and further,(4) gender moderated the first stage path and friendship support moderated the second stage path. Compared to lower level of friendship support, higher friendship support could buffer the psychological maladjustment caused by shyness via peer victimization. The results suggested that friendship support could protect shyness child from psychological maladjustment in some degree.
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