天然有机质的表征及环境效应
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摘要
天然有机质在地表环境介质的碳循环过程中扮演重要角色,对环境介质中污染物的生物可利用性、迁移转化性及多种环境行为产生重要影响。而地表水环境中有机质的来源、形态及粒径多样,较土壤、沉积物等环境系统而言具有更新速度快、光通透性好、赋氧能力强及生物量丰富等独特性,因此在水环境中有机质的地球化学行为更为复杂多样。通过掌握多种水生生态系统中有机质特征和环境行为,对全球有机质的循环转化模型的构建和认识具有较大贡献。本文主要以地表淡水环境为对象,综述了天然有机质的来源、组成及性质,叙述了天然有机质对污染物的性质产生的环境效应及循环转化特征,并简单总结了常用的检测方法和分析技术。最后对目前地表水环境中有机质的生物地球化学研究中有待进一步探索的地方进行了总结与展望。
引文
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[2]Wu F,Tanoue E.Isolation and partial characterization of dissolved copper-complexing ligands in streamwaters[J].Environmental science&technology,2001,35(18):3646-3652.
[3]Wu F,Tanoue E.Molecular mass distribution and fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic ligands for copper(Ⅱ)in Lake Biwa,Japan[J].Organic Geochemistry,2001,32(1):11-20.
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[5]Wu F C,Tanoue E,Liu C Q.Fluorescence and amino acid characteristics of molecular size fractions of DOM in the waters of Lake Biwa[J].Biogeochemistry,2003,65(2):245-257.
[6]郭妙春.水中颗粒物与非溶解态有机物赋存关系研究[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工业大学,2007.
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[8]McCarthy M,Pratum T,Hedges J,et al.Chemical composition of dissolved organic nitrogen in the ocean[J].Nature,1997,390(6656):150-154.
[9]Myneni S,Brown J T,Martinez G A,et al.Imaging of humic substance macromolecular structures in water and soils[J].Science,1999,286(5443):1335-1337.
[10]Campbell J H,Evans R D.Inorganic and organic ligand binding of lead and cadmium and resultant implications for bioavailability[J].Science of the Total Environment,1987,62:219-227.
[11]黄爽.东海赤潮高发区颗粒有机物的来源,分布,分解及其环境效应[D].青岛,中国海洋大学,2012.
[12]李骞.春夏季东海赤潮高发区颗粒有机物的来源,含量变化及其与固碳作用的关系[D].青岛,中国海洋大学,2007.
[13]张哲,朱齐齐,赵鹏,等.饮用水源中不同粒径颗粒物吸附抗生素特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(7):2090-2098.
[14]魏秀国,沈承德,孙彦敏,等.珠江水体悬浮物颗粒有机碳稳定同位素组成及分布特征[J].地理科学,2003,23(4):471-476.
[15]宋金明,马红波,李学刚,等.渤海南部海域沉积物中吸附态无机氮的地球化学特征[J].海洋与湖沼.2004,35(4):315-322.
[16]Helma J R,Stubbins A,Ritchie J D,et al.Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratio as indicators of molecular weight,source,and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2008,53(3):955-969.
[17]吴丰昌,王立英,黎文.天然有机质及其在地表环境中的重要性[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(1):1-12.
[18]陈蕾,超峰,王郑,等.天然有机质对环境污染物的转化过程的介导作用[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(7):1244-1249.
[19]傅平青.水环境中的溶解有机质及其与金属离子的相互作用-荧光光谱学研究[D].北京,中国科学院研究生院(地球化学研究所),2004.
[20]Cervantes F J,Dijksma W,Duong-Dac T,et al.Anaerobic mineralization of toluene by enriched sediments with quinones and humus as terminal electron acceptors[J].Applied and environmental microbiology,2001,67(10):4471-4478.
[21]Borch T,Kretzschmar R,Kappler A,et al.Biogeochemical redox processes and their impact on contaminant dynamics[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,44(1):15-23.
[22]武磊.松花江水中颗粒物与有机物赋存关系研究[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[23]刘颖,李改枝.黄河水体悬浮颗粒物对有机物吸附作用的研究[J].化学世界,2001,42(6):333-335.
[24]孙迎雪,吴乾元,田杰,等.污水中溶解态有机物组分特性及其氯消毒副产物生成潜能[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2282-2287.
[25]Chin Y,Aiken G,O'Loughlin E.Molecular weight,polydispersity,and spectroscopic properties of aquatic humic substances[J].Environmental Science&Technology,1994,28(11):1853-1858.
[26]Rausa R,Calemma V.Determination of molecular size distributions of humic acids by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography[J].Journal of Chromatography A,1991,541:419-429.
[27]Zhou Q,Cabaniss S E,Maurice P A.Considerations in the use of high-pressure size exclusion chromatography(HPSEC)for determining molecular weights of aquatic humic substances[J].Water Research.2000,34(14):3505-3514.
[28]Korshin G V,Li C,Benjamin M M.Monitoring the properties of natural organic matter through UV spectroscopy:a consistent theory[J].Water Research,1997,31(7):1787-1795.
[29]Nishijima W,Speitel G E.Fate of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon produced by ozonation on biological activated carbon[J].Chemosphere,2004,56(2):113-119.
[30]Wang L,Wu F,Zhang R,et al.Characterization of dissolved organic matter fractions from Lake Hongfeng,Southwestern China Plateau[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(5):581-588.
[31]虞敏达,张慧,何小松,等.河北汶河溶解性有机物光谱学特性[J].环境科学,2015,36(9):76-84.
[32]Foden J,Sivyer D B,Mills D K,et al.Spatial and temporal distribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(DOM)fluorescence and its contribution to light attenuation in UK waterbodies[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science.2008,79(4):707-717.
[33]Chen W,Westerhoff P,Leenheer J A,et al.Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2003,37(24):5701-5710.
[34]Helland S,Nejstgaard J C,Fyhn H J.Effect of strarvation,season,and diet on the free amino acid and protein content ofCalanusFinmarchicus females[J].Marine Biology,2003,143(2):542-551.
[35]范春辉,张颖超,唐泽恒,等.应用FTIR和~(13)C-NMR表征制革废水处理过程的溶解态有机物特性[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(5):1203-1207.
[36]张艳玲,夏远,朝格图,等.野菊花不同提取物的红外光谱分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(12):3225-3228.
[37]吴文俊.傅里叶变换红外光谱法测定水中低浓度石油[J].光谱实验室,2007,24(3):413-418.
[38]Novak J M,Bertsch P M,Mills G L Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of soil water-soluble organic carbon[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,1992,21(4):537-539.
[39]Stumm W,Morgan JJ.Aquatic chemistry:equilibria and rates in natural waters.3rded.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1996:744-750.
[40]Kappler A,Rong J,Schink B,et al.Dynamics in composition and size-class distribution of humic substances in prfundal sediments of Lake Constance[J].Organic Geochemistry,2001,32:3-10.
[41]Fu PQ,Wu FC,Liu CQ,et al.Effect of sunlight irradiation on fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2006,26(3):471-474.
[42]邓南圣,吴峰.环境光化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003.
[43]Stepanauskas R,Leonardson L,Tranvik LJ.Bioavailability of wetland-derived DON to freshwater and marine bacterioplankton[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1999,44:1477-1485.
[44]Seitzinger SP,Sanders RW.Atmospheric inputs of dissolved organic nitrogen estuarine bacteria phytoplankyon[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1999,44(44):721-730.
[2]Wu F,Tanoue E.Isolation and partial characterization of dissolved copper-complexing ligands in streamwaters[J].Environmental science&technology,2001,35(18):3646-3652.
[3]Wu F,Tanoue E.Molecular mass distribution and fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic ligands for copper(Ⅱ)in Lake Biwa,Japan[J].Organic Geochemistry,2001,32(1):11-20.
[4]Sachse A,Henrion R,Gelbrecht J,et al.Classification of dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in river systems:influence of catchment characteristics and autochthonous processes[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(6):923-935.
[5]Wu F C,Tanoue E,Liu C Q.Fluorescence and amino acid characteristics of molecular size fractions of DOM in the waters of Lake Biwa[J].Biogeochemistry,2003,65(2):245-257.
[6]郭妙春.水中颗粒物与非溶解态有机物赋存关系研究[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工业大学,2007.
[7]Hopkinson C,Cifuentes L,Burdige D,et al.DON subgroup report[J].Marine Chemistry,1993,41(1):23-36.
[8]McCarthy M,Pratum T,Hedges J,et al.Chemical composition of dissolved organic nitrogen in the ocean[J].Nature,1997,390(6656):150-154.
[9]Myneni S,Brown J T,Martinez G A,et al.Imaging of humic substance macromolecular structures in water and soils[J].Science,1999,286(5443):1335-1337.
[10]Campbell J H,Evans R D.Inorganic and organic ligand binding of lead and cadmium and resultant implications for bioavailability[J].Science of the Total Environment,1987,62:219-227.
[11]黄爽.东海赤潮高发区颗粒有机物的来源,分布,分解及其环境效应[D].青岛,中国海洋大学,2012.
[12]李骞.春夏季东海赤潮高发区颗粒有机物的来源,含量变化及其与固碳作用的关系[D].青岛,中国海洋大学,2007.
[13]张哲,朱齐齐,赵鹏,等.饮用水源中不同粒径颗粒物吸附抗生素特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(7):2090-2098.
[14]魏秀国,沈承德,孙彦敏,等.珠江水体悬浮物颗粒有机碳稳定同位素组成及分布特征[J].地理科学,2003,23(4):471-476.
[15]宋金明,马红波,李学刚,等.渤海南部海域沉积物中吸附态无机氮的地球化学特征[J].海洋与湖沼.2004,35(4):315-322.
[16]Helma J R,Stubbins A,Ritchie J D,et al.Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratio as indicators of molecular weight,source,and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter[J].Limnology and Oceanography,2008,53(3):955-969.
[17]吴丰昌,王立英,黎文.天然有机质及其在地表环境中的重要性[J].湖泊科学,2008,20(1):1-12.
[18]陈蕾,超峰,王郑,等.天然有机质对环境污染物的转化过程的介导作用[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(7):1244-1249.
[19]傅平青.水环境中的溶解有机质及其与金属离子的相互作用-荧光光谱学研究[D].北京,中国科学院研究生院(地球化学研究所),2004.
[20]Cervantes F J,Dijksma W,Duong-Dac T,et al.Anaerobic mineralization of toluene by enriched sediments with quinones and humus as terminal electron acceptors[J].Applied and environmental microbiology,2001,67(10):4471-4478.
[21]Borch T,Kretzschmar R,Kappler A,et al.Biogeochemical redox processes and their impact on contaminant dynamics[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2009,44(1):15-23.
[22]武磊.松花江水中颗粒物与有机物赋存关系研究[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工业大学,2008.
[23]刘颖,李改枝.黄河水体悬浮颗粒物对有机物吸附作用的研究[J].化学世界,2001,42(6):333-335.
[24]孙迎雪,吴乾元,田杰,等.污水中溶解态有机物组分特性及其氯消毒副产物生成潜能[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2282-2287.
[25]Chin Y,Aiken G,O'Loughlin E.Molecular weight,polydispersity,and spectroscopic properties of aquatic humic substances[J].Environmental Science&Technology,1994,28(11):1853-1858.
[26]Rausa R,Calemma V.Determination of molecular size distributions of humic acids by high-performance size-exclusion chromatography[J].Journal of Chromatography A,1991,541:419-429.
[27]Zhou Q,Cabaniss S E,Maurice P A.Considerations in the use of high-pressure size exclusion chromatography(HPSEC)for determining molecular weights of aquatic humic substances[J].Water Research.2000,34(14):3505-3514.
[28]Korshin G V,Li C,Benjamin M M.Monitoring the properties of natural organic matter through UV spectroscopy:a consistent theory[J].Water Research,1997,31(7):1787-1795.
[29]Nishijima W,Speitel G E.Fate of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon produced by ozonation on biological activated carbon[J].Chemosphere,2004,56(2):113-119.
[30]Wang L,Wu F,Zhang R,et al.Characterization of dissolved organic matter fractions from Lake Hongfeng,Southwestern China Plateau[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2009,21(5):581-588.
[31]虞敏达,张慧,何小松,等.河北汶河溶解性有机物光谱学特性[J].环境科学,2015,36(9):76-84.
[32]Foden J,Sivyer D B,Mills D K,et al.Spatial and temporal distribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(DOM)fluorescence and its contribution to light attenuation in UK waterbodies[J].Estuarine,Coastal and Shelf Science.2008,79(4):707-717.
[33]Chen W,Westerhoff P,Leenheer J A,et al.Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix regional integration to quantify spectra for dissolved organic matter[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2003,37(24):5701-5710.
[34]Helland S,Nejstgaard J C,Fyhn H J.Effect of strarvation,season,and diet on the free amino acid and protein content ofCalanusFinmarchicus females[J].Marine Biology,2003,143(2):542-551.
[35]范春辉,张颖超,唐泽恒,等.应用FTIR和~(13)C-NMR表征制革废水处理过程的溶解态有机物特性[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(5):1203-1207.
[36]张艳玲,夏远,朝格图,等.野菊花不同提取物的红外光谱分析[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(12):3225-3228.
[37]吴文俊.傅里叶变换红外光谱法测定水中低浓度石油[J].光谱实验室,2007,24(3):413-418.
[38]Novak J M,Bertsch P M,Mills G L Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of soil water-soluble organic carbon[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,1992,21(4):537-539.
[39]Stumm W,Morgan JJ.Aquatic chemistry:equilibria and rates in natural waters.3rded.New York:John Wiley and Sons,1996:744-750.
[40]Kappler A,Rong J,Schink B,et al.Dynamics in composition and size-class distribution of humic substances in prfundal sediments of Lake Constance[J].Organic Geochemistry,2001,32:3-10.
[41]Fu PQ,Wu FC,Liu CQ,et al.Effect of sunlight irradiation on fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2006,26(3):471-474.
[42]邓南圣,吴峰.环境光化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003.
[43]Stepanauskas R,Leonardson L,Tranvik LJ.Bioavailability of wetland-derived DON to freshwater and marine bacterioplankton[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1999,44:1477-1485.
[44]Seitzinger SP,Sanders RW.Atmospheric inputs of dissolved organic nitrogen estuarine bacteria phytoplankyon[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1999,44(44):721-730.