利用WPCB制备锂离子电池Cu_2O/G复合负极材料的研究
详细信息 查看官网全文
摘要
废弃线路板(WPCB)中含有大量有价金属铜,对其综合利用,不仅大大缓减电子废弃物所带来的环境问题,更能满足其他行业对于铜的巨大的需求量。本文以WPCB中的铜为研究对象,采用氨水和三乙醇胺为浸出剂,过氧化氢为氧化剂浸出铜。ICP结果表明,铜浸出率高达99.05%,主要利用草酸铵可与Fe(III)离子形成稳定络合物这一特性实现了铜的富集。针对Cu_2O在工作过程极易发生较大的体积形变这一问题,论文采用Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯(GO),以水合肼为还原剂制得石墨烯(G),而后通过原位合成法制得Cu_2O/G复合材料。采用SEM、TEM、电化学法等手段对其形貌和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明:当复合材料中G的含量为20%时,其可以穿插包覆在Cu_2O颗粒间,Cu_2O与石墨烯发挥了最好的协同作用;当充放电电流密度为50、100、800 mA·g~(-1)时,Cu2O/G的充电比容量分别为557.3、365.2和108.3 mA h·g~(-1),而Cu_2O的充电比容量分别为353.1、76.6、6 mA h·g~(-1),说明石墨烯的加入显著地提高了材料的导电性,从而很好地改善了其电池性能,并减轻了WPCB所带来的环境问题,为今后WPCB中金属的综合利用提供了一条新的思路。
引文
[1]Xu Y,Li J,Liu L.Current status and future perspective of recycling copper by hydrometallurgy from waste printed circuit boards[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2016,31:162-170.
[2]Oishi T,Koyama K,Alam S,et al.Recovery of high purity copper cathode from printed circuit boards using ammoniacal sulfate or chloride solutions[J].Hydrometallurgy,2007,89(1):82-88.
[3]Jaguemont J,Boulon L,DubéY.A comprehensive review of lithium-ion batteries used in hybrid and electric vehicles at cold temperatures[J].Applied Energy,2016,164:99-114.
[4]Hassoun J,Bonaccorso F,Agostini M,et al.An advanced lithium-ion battery based on a graphene anode and a lithium iron phosphate cathode[J].Nano letters,2014,14(8):4901-4906.
[5]Xu C,Xu B,Gu Y,et al.Graphene-based electrodes for electrochemical energy storage[J].Energy&Environmental Science,2013,6(5):1388-1414.
[6]Guo D,Cai P,Sun J,et al.Reduced-graphene-oxide/metal-oxide pn heterojunction aerogels as efficient 3D sensing frameworks for phenol detection[J].Carbon,2016,99:571-578.
[7]Su Y,Li S,Wu D,et al.Two-dimensional carbon-coated graphene/metal oxide hybrids for enhanced lithium storage[J].Acs Nano,2012,6(9):8349-8356.
[2]Oishi T,Koyama K,Alam S,et al.Recovery of high purity copper cathode from printed circuit boards using ammoniacal sulfate or chloride solutions[J].Hydrometallurgy,2007,89(1):82-88.
[3]Jaguemont J,Boulon L,DubéY.A comprehensive review of lithium-ion batteries used in hybrid and electric vehicles at cold temperatures[J].Applied Energy,2016,164:99-114.
[4]Hassoun J,Bonaccorso F,Agostini M,et al.An advanced lithium-ion battery based on a graphene anode and a lithium iron phosphate cathode[J].Nano letters,2014,14(8):4901-4906.
[5]Xu C,Xu B,Gu Y,et al.Graphene-based electrodes for electrochemical energy storage[J].Energy&Environmental Science,2013,6(5):1388-1414.
[6]Guo D,Cai P,Sun J,et al.Reduced-graphene-oxide/metal-oxide pn heterojunction aerogels as efficient 3D sensing frameworks for phenol detection[J].Carbon,2016,99:571-578.
[7]Su Y,Li S,Wu D,et al.Two-dimensional carbon-coated graphene/metal oxide hybrids for enhanced lithium storage[J].Acs Nano,2012,6(9):8349-8356.