外部性视角下的渔业资源保护对策探讨
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- 英文论文题名：Discussion on Fishery Resources Protection Strategy from the Prospective of Externality Theory
- 论文作者：苏舒 ; 唐议
- 英文论文作者：Su Shu ; Tang Yi ; College of Marine Sciences ; Shanghai Ocean University ; Institute of Marine Policy and Law ; Shanghai Ocean University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：上海海洋大学海洋科学学院;上海海洋大学海洋政策与法律研究所;
- 论文关键词：渔业资源 ; 外部性 ; 负外部性 ; 资源保护 ; 可持续发展
- 英文论文关键词：fishery resources ; externality ; negative externality ; resources protection ; sustainable development
- 会议召开时间：2016-11-02
- 会议录名称：2016年中国水产学会学术年会论文摘要集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：F326.4
- 学会代码：OGSB
- 会议名称：2016年中国水产学会学术年会
- 会议地点：中国四川成都
- 主办单位：中国水产学会、四川省水产学会
- 学会名称：中国水产学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：504k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
经济学中用外部性理论解释共享财产资源配置效率低下、市场失灵和政府失灵等现象。渔业资源开发利用过程及一些与之相关的人类水上活动过程中存在许多外部性,包括正外部性和负外部性。负外部性的存在使渔业资源无法被最优配置,加剧其衰退态势,对实现渔业资源有效保护造成阻碍。解决或矫正这些负外部性能够在很大程度上助力于实现渔业资源可持续利用和渔业产业可持续发展。本文以经济学中的外部性理论为理论基础,结合生产实际,将渔业捕捞及其他相关水上活动中可能存在的负外部性分为四类,分别是渔民交互外部性、生态外部性、水上活动交互外部性和代际外部性,并具体分析其表现和产生原因,最后列出对解决或矫正以上负外部性可能行之有效的几项办法并进行简要分析:(1)施行休渔制度或增殖放流制度;(2)施行渔业权制度或捕捞配额制度;(3)进行渔场划分;(4)建立小型渔民渔船组织;(4)加强渔业选择性研究;(5)划定渔业捕捞专用水域;(6)加强监管。
Economist use externality theory explaining the low allocative efficiency of common property, maket failures, government failures,etc. Fishery resources is a type of common property,externalities exist in fishery industry and some other relative activities may effect its allocation.Negative externaties reduce its allocative efficiency and aggravate its recession. Base on the externality theory and production practice, we divided the negative externalies in fishery and other related industries into four groups, they are fishermen negative externality, ecological negative externality, inter-externality of water activities and inter-generational externality, and analyzed the reasons and performance of them. To solve or correct these negative externalities, we suggest:(1)implement fishing-ban system and enhancement and Releasing system(2)implement Fishery rights system and/or fishing quota system(3)conduct fishing ground partition(4)build small fishery organizations(5)partition exclusive area for fishery(6)strengthen supervision of fishery activities.
Economist use externality theory explaining the low allocative efficiency of common property, maket failures, government failures,etc. Fishery resources is a type of common property,externalities exist in fishery industry and some other relative activities may effect its allocation.Negative externaties reduce its allocative efficiency and aggravate its recession. Base on the externality theory and production practice, we divided the negative externalies in fishery and other related industries into four groups, they are fishermen negative externality, ecological negative externality, inter-externality of water activities and inter-generational externality, and analyzed the reasons and performance of them. To solve or correct these negative externalities, we suggest:(1)implement fishing-ban system and enhancement and Releasing system(2)implement Fishery rights system and/or fishing quota system(3)conduct fishing ground partition(4)build small fishery organizations(5)partition exclusive area for fishery(6)strengthen supervision of fishery activities.
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