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使用超临界溶剂制备富官能团的木质素炭
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摘要
使用绿色的亚/超临界溶剂对木质素原料进行炭化,有助于获得表面物理化学性质丰富的生物炭。利用脱碱木质素在260 oC的超临界乙醇中制备生物炭,表面含氧官能团总量达到1.35 mmol H~+/g,比表面2.3 m~2/g,炭收率达66.5%,炭中的碳含量达到75.7%。研究表明,超临界乙醇充分削弱了木质素炭的羰基和醚键结构,并实际参与到炭结构的生成和稳定。超临界乙醇条件下得到的木质素炭结构不同于水热炭和热解炭的结构,并影响到炭的后续功能化处理。相对于热解炭来说,醇热炭经磺化处理后在酯化等反应中体现了较高的反应活性和稳定性。深入研究原料因素、溶剂因素和炭化参数对木质素炭化反应和炭结构的影响,将有助于木质素炭物理化学性质的定向获得以及特殊炭材料的制备和应用。
Carbonization of lignin materials in green sub-/supercritical solvents provides biochars with diversified physicochemical properties. Biochars was prepared by the carbonization of dealkaline lignin in supercritical ethanol at 260 oC. The obtained biochar had abundant concentration of surface oxygen-containing groups(1.35 mmol H~+/g), BET surface of 2.3 m~2/g, biochar yield of 66.5% and carbon content of 75.7% in biochar. Supercritical ethanol distinctly destroyed carbonyl and ether linkages of the obtained biochar, and participated in the formation and stabilization of biochar structure. The alcohothermal biochar had different structure from those prepared under hydrothermal and pyrolysis conditions, while the structure differences had been proved to influence the subsequent functionalization of biochars. The sulfonated alcohothermal biochar exhibited relatively higher reaction activity and stability in catalytic esterification. The study of material effects, solvent effects and carbonization parameters on carbonization reaction and biochar structure possibly benefited the oriented preparation of biochars with special physicochemical properties.
引文
[1]Huang,M.;Luo,J.;Fang,Z.;Li,H.Applied Catalysis B:Environmental.2016,190:103.
    [2]黄梅,罗嘉,方真.林产化学与工业,2015,35(1):126.

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