一种三维Q体模型的建立方法
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摘要
由于表层介质具有吸收衰减作用,地震波穿过该介质后,接收到的地震信号频率降低,严重影响了地震资料的品质,因此必须对其衰减进行补偿。常规基于VSP数据的谱比法,计算的Q值比较可靠,然而探区内的VSP井位数量毕竟有限,几口井的Q值代表不了整个区域,精度有限。基于常规Q值经验公式,依托拾取的精确速度谱,我们提出一种通过VSP数据计算的Q值进行标定,建立区域内的三维Q体模型。应用这种三维Q体模型技术后,资料的整体能量和频率均有提高。通过实际数据的应用对比,计算的Q值可靠,是值得借鉴的一种新方法。
引文
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[2]崔宏良,白旭明,袁胜辉,等.模拟退火静校正技术在低信噪比地区的应用[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(5):94-97.Cui Hongliang,Bai Xurning and Yuan Shenghui,etc.Application of simulated annealing static correction technology in the low S/N area[J],Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(5):94-97.
[3]卫平生,李相博,雍学善,等.石油地震地质学若干问题探讨[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(3):1-6.Wei Pingsheng,Li Xiangbo and Yong Xueshan.etc.Discussion on petroleum seismogeology[J],Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(3):1-6.
[4]陈可洋.各向异性弹性介质方向行波波场分离正演数值模拟[J].岩性油气藏,2014,26(5):91-96.Chen Keyang.Wave field separating numerical simulation of anisotropic elastic medium directional one-way wave[J],Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(5):91-96.
[5]李合群,孟小红,赵波,等.塔里木沙漠区地震数据品质与沙层Q吸收[J].石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(1):28-34.Li Hequn,Meng Xiaohong and Zhao Bo,etc.Seismic data quality and sand layer Q absorption in Tarim desert area[J],Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2010,45(1):28-34.
[6]周辉,渠广学,杨宝俊.用地震波频谱计算Q值的新方法[J].长春地质学院学报,1994,24(2):461-467.Zhou Hui,Qu Guangxue and Yang Baojun.New methods for calculating Q value using spectrum of seismic record[J],Journal of Changchun university of earth sciences,1994,24(2):461-467.
[7]刘学伟,邰圣宏,何樵登.用面波反演风化层Q值-补偿风化层吸收提高分辨率[J].石油物探,1996,35(2):89-95.Liu Xuewei.Tai Shenghong and He Qiaodeng.Inversion of quality factor Q for weathered layer using surface waves-Compensating seismic wave absorption in weathered layer to increase resolution[J],Geophysical Prospecting for petroleum,1996,35(2):89-95.
[8]于承业,周志才.利用双井微测井资料估算近地表Q值[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(1):89-92.Yu Chengye,Zhou Zhicai.Estimation of near surface Q value based on the datasets of the uphole survey in double hole[J],Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(1):89-92.
[9]Zhang C J,Tadeusz J U.Estimation of quality factors from CMP records[J],Geophysics,2002,67(5):1542-1547.
[10]Lines L R,Bourgeois A and Covey J D.Traveltime inversion of offset vertical seismic profiles-A feasibility study[J],Geophysics,1984,49(3):250-264.
[11]Salo Edward L and Schster Gerard T.Traveltime inversion of both direct and reflected arrivals in vertical profile data[J],Geophysics,1989,54(1):49-56.
[12]凌云,高军,吴琳.时频空间域球面发散与吸收补偿[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(2):176-182.Ling Yun,Gao Jun and Wu Lin.Compensation for spherical dispersion and absorption in time frequency space domain[J],Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(2):176-182.
[13]李庆忠.走向精确勘探的道路[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:31-44.Li Qingzhong.The way to obtain a better resolution in seismic prospecting,Beijing:Petroleum industry press.1993:31-44.