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快堆用碳化硅温度监测器的技术分析
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摘要
从20世纪60年代开始,美国就广泛使用碳化硅作为辐照后温度监测器材料,随着该技术的不断发展,逐渐使用作为反应堆辐照容器温度监测器。相较于中国实验快堆(CEFR)使用的共晶合金,碳化硅作为反应堆辐照容器温度监测材料,具有监测温度精确度高和监测范围广的优点,能在150~875℃的范围内提供误差在20℃内的温度监测,其原因就在于点缺陷与悬空键的结合与分离。本文还推荐使用美国爱达荷国家实验室(INL)提供的四点探针技术进行测量,对该测量方法的仪器进行了简单介绍,通过对辐照后样品的等时退火预测辐照峰值温度,方法简便。本文通过对碳化硅作为温度监测器的性能及关键技术进行分析,包括研究背景、机理分析、试验方法和数据处理等,提出碳化硅可以作为CEFR辐照试验用的温度监测技术的发展方向。
Since 1960 s,SiC has been widely used in America as post-irradiation temperature monitor and soon been used as reactor temperature monitor of irradiation capsule due to technological advance.SiC offers a wider measurement range and higher measurement accuracy than eutectic alloy.With combining and separation of point defects and dangling bonds,SiC can provide temperature monitoring within 20 ℃ from 150 to 875 ℃.The article elucidates the four point probe measurement in INL which is simple by isochronal anneal to predict peak irradiation temperature,as well as property,key technology including backgrounds,mechanism,data processing of SiC temperature monitor to propose that SiC can be used as a development direction of CEFR irradiation temperature techniques.
引文
[1]L L Snead,et al.Revisiting the use of SiC as a post irradiation temperature monitor in Effects of Radiation on Materials,M.L.Grossbeck,Ed.West Conshohocken,PA:ASTM International,2003,ASTM STP 1447.
    [2]L L Snead.Revisiting the use of SiC as a post irradiation temperature monitor.presented at the Int.Symp.Materials Test Reactors,Idaho Falls,ID,Sep.28,2009.
    [3]J L Rempe,et al.Comparison Measurements of Silicon Carbide Temperature Monitors[J].IEEE transactions on nuclear science,2010,57(3):1589-1594.
    [4]H Huang et al.Molecular dynamics determination of defect energetic inβ-SiC using three representive empirical potentials[J].Modeling Simulation Material Science English.1995,3:615-627.
    [5]L L Snead et al.Amorphization of SiC under ion and neutron irradiation[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,1998,141(1-4)123-132.
    [6]L L Snead et al.Structural relaxation in amorphous silicon carbide[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,2002,191(1-4)497-503.

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