离子交换膜在冶金领域中应用前景展望

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• 英文论文题名：Perspectives on the applications of ion exchange membranes in metallurgy industry
• 论文作者：葛亮 ; 伍斌 ; 汪耀明 ; 徐铜文
• 英文论文作者：GE Liang ; WU Bin ; WANG Yaoming ; XU Tongwen ; CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry ; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials ; School of Chemistry and Materials Science ; University of Science and Technology of China ; Hefei ChemJoy Polymer Materials ; Co. ; Ltd
• 年：2016
• 作者机构：中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院功能膜研究室;合肥科佳高分子材料科技有限公司;
• 论文关键词：离子交换膜 ; 双极膜 ; 电渗析 ; 电纳滤 ; 废水
• 英文论文关键词：ion exchange membrane ; bipolar membrane ; electrodialysis ; electric nanofiltration ; wastewater
• 会议召开时间：2016-11-25
• 会议录名称：第五届全国膜分离技术在冶金工业中应用研讨会论文集
• 语种：中文
• 分类号：X756;TQ425.236
• 学会代码：LXJT
• 会议名称：第五届全国膜分离技术在冶金工业中应用研讨会
• 会议地点：中国湖南长沙
• 主办单位：中国膜工业协会、中南大学
• 学会名称：中国蓝星(集团)总公司膜科学与技术编辑部
• 页数：2
• 文件大小：101k
• 原文格式：O
• 会议级别：全国

摘要

在冶金工业生产过程中会产生大量含金属离子的高盐废水,这类废水组分复杂、酸碱盐及金属离子含量较高,对环境的危害远远高于其他工业污水,其废水治理周期长、难度大、费用高昂.离子交换膜由于具有独特的荷电特性,可实现离子体系物质的分离分级,在冶金废水治理及废水资源化回收利用过程中正在发挥越来越重要的作用.近年来,随着离子膜材料及制备技术的不断进步,用于酸/碱回收的扩散渗析膜也由传统二相结构向三相结构发展;用于离子浓缩分离的电渗析膜也由单一的致密膜结构向多孔结构拓展,并由传统的电渗析过程衍生出具有单多价反离子分离的电纳滤过程;在废水治理应用过程中也从单一膜过程向压力驱动、电场驱动、浓差驱动等多膜集成过程发展.随着金属有机框架(MOFs)、ZIF、石墨烯、碳纳米管等新型材料在离子膜制备过程的应用,将赋予离子交换膜更多功能,推动扩散渗析、电渗析、双极膜电渗析、电纳滤等离子膜过程在冶金行业中的应用,为冶金废水的绿色清洁治理和资源化回收利用发挥更大的作用,促进冶金工业发展和科技进步.
A large number of high salinity wastewater containing metal ions is discharged in metallurgy industry.It is difficult,time-consuming and also costly to treat this kind wastewater compared with other industries by considering the complexity,high concentration of acid,base or salt as well as metals in the metallurgy wastewater.Ion exchange membranes have attracted more and more attention for metallurgical wastewater treatment and resource recycling due to the special charge characteristics for ions separation and classification.Nowadays,there are numerous achievements in ion exchange membrane preparation materials and methods.Membranes for diffusion dialysis have developed from the conventional two-phase structure to three-phase structure.Electrodialysis membranes for salts concentration and desalination have developed from the only dense to pore structure.Electro-nanofiltration(ENF) has been recently invented from the electrodialysis process,which can fractionate monovalent ions from di-or multi-valent ions.The membrane processes for wastewater treatment have been developed from the one-single membrane process to hybrid pressure-driven,electro-driven,or concentration-gradient-driven process.More functions will be introduced for ion exchange membranes by the introducing some new materials such as MOF,ZIF,GO,CNT for membrane formation procedures.It is expected that ion exchange membrane process such as diffusion dialysis,electro dialysis,bipolar membrane electro dialysis,electro-nanofiltration will be further utilized in metallurgy industry.The ion exchange membranes for resource recycling are beneficial to promote the technological advancement and developments in metallurgy industry.

引文

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