中西太平洋海域人工集鱼装置禁渔期措施对中国大陆金枪鱼围网船队捕捞努力量特征的影响
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- 英文论文题名：The analysis of FAD closures measures impacting on efforts of Chinese tuna purse seine fisheries in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean
- 论文作者：何珊 ; 王学昉 ; 戴黎斌 ; 许柳雄 ; 戴小杰
- 英文论文作者：He Shan ; Wang Xuefang ; Dai Libin ; Xu Liuxiong ; Dai Xiaojie ; College of Marine Sciences of Shanghai Ocean University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：上海海洋大学海洋科学学院;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心;
- 论文关键词：中西太平洋 ; 金枪鱼围网 ; 人工集鱼装置 ; 养护管理措施 ; 捕捞努力量
- 英文论文关键词：The Western and Central Pacific Ocean ; Chinese tuna purse seine fisheries ; FAD ; management measures ; efforts
- 会议召开时间：2016-11-02
- 会议录名称：2016年中国水产学会学术年会论文摘要集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：F326.4
- 学会代码：OGSB
- 会议名称：2016年中国水产学会学术年会
- 会议地点：中国四川成都
- 主办单位：中国水产学会、四川省水产学会
- 学会名称：中国水产学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：535k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
中西太平洋大眼金枪鱼(Thunnus obesus)渔业资源出现了过度捕捞的现象,为此中西太平洋渔业委员会(Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission,WCPFC)针对金枪鱼围网渔业采取了人工集鱼装置(Fishing Aggregating Devices,FAD)的禁渔期措施。本文通过收集2012-2015年中国大陆金枪鱼围网船队在中西太平洋的渔捞日志数据,分别对我国船队在FAD禁渔期和非禁渔期的捕捞努力量指标进行分析比较,结果表明:1)2012年禁渔期和非禁渔期的平均寻鱼天数与2013-2015年相比,年内波动较大;2)2012和2013年禁渔期和非禁渔期的平均投网次数存在明显差异,而2014和2015年两者差异不明显;3)禁渔期的作业天数利用率始终小于非禁渔期,但在研究期间两者的差距逐渐减小;4)除2015年外,2012-2014年禁渔期的平均投网总次数一直小于非禁渔期;5)禁渔期对自由鱼群的平均投网次数始终大于非禁渔期,且2015年的差异最大。这些捕捞努力量特征的变化表明我国船队可能正在通过主动地调整捕捞努力量投放策略以逐步适应FAD的禁渔期政策带来的负面影响。
Bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus) had appeared overfishing in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, that is why the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission(WCPFC) had developed several management measures about FAD closure to conserve this species. This paper had devided a year into two periods: closing time and fishing time, and compared their efforts respectively by collecting Chinese tuna purse seine fisheries data from 2012 to 2015. The results show that: 1)The average searching days of these two periods in 2012 fluctuated obviously comparing with other years; 2) The average closing days were different significantly in both 2012 and 2013, while which were similar in 2014 and 2015; 3) The utilization of fishing days in closing time was smaller than that in fishing time all the time, but the gap between them was decreasing gradually; 4) The average fishing sets in closing time were always smaller than which in fishing time except in 2015; 5) The average fishing sets targeting to free school in closing time were larger than in fishing time, and the biggest difference was in 2015.
Bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus) had appeared overfishing in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean, that is why the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission(WCPFC) had developed several management measures about FAD closure to conserve this species. This paper had devided a year into two periods: closing time and fishing time, and compared their efforts respectively by collecting Chinese tuna purse seine fisheries data from 2012 to 2015. The results show that: 1)The average searching days of these two periods in 2012 fluctuated obviously comparing with other years; 2) The average closing days were different significantly in both 2012 and 2013, while which were similar in 2014 and 2015; 3) The utilization of fishing days in closing time was smaller than that in fishing time all the time, but the gap between them was decreasing gradually; 4) The average fishing sets in closing time were always smaller than which in fishing time except in 2015; 5) The average fishing sets targeting to free school in closing time were larger than in fishing time, and the biggest difference was in 2015.
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