喀斯特典型区有机和生产常规烤烟主要化学成分分析——以贵州省金沙县为例
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- 英文论文题名：Characteristics of main chemical components in organic and conventional tobacco leaves in typical karst area——A case study in Jinsha county, Guizhou province
- 论文作者：申燕 ; 肖谋良 ; 朱家荣 ; 鲁平 ; 刘育栋 ; 苏以荣 ; 陈香碧
- 英文论文作者：SHEN Yan ; XIAO Mou-liang ; ZHU Jia-rong ; LU Ping ; LIU Yu-dong ; SU Yi-rong ; CHEN Xiang-bi ; Bijie Branch of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company ; Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region ; Institute of Subtropical Agriculture ; Chinese Academy of Sciences ; College of Life Science ; Guangxi Normal University ; Bijie Tobacco Redrying Factory ; Guizhou Tobacco Redrying Co. ; Ltd.
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室;广西师范大学生命科学学院;贵州烟叶复烤有限责任公司毕节复烤厂;
- 论文关键词：烤烟 ; 有机生产方式 ; 常规生产方式 ; 化学成分 ; 喀斯特 ; 金沙县
- 英文论文关键词：tobacco ; organic production ; conventional production ; chemical component ; karst ; Jinsha county
- 会议召开时间：2016-12-01
- 会议录名称：中国烟草学会2016年度优秀论文汇编——烟草农业主题
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TS411
- 学会代码：ZGYG
- 学会名称：中国烟草学会
- 页数：10
- 文件大小：777k
- 原文格式：D
摘要
【目的】分析西南喀斯特典型区——贵州省金沙县有机和常规两种生产方式下烟叶主要化学成分,并探讨其质量特征,为指导有机烟叶长期高效、高质量的生产提供科学依据。【方法】以西南喀斯特典型区——贵州省金沙县石灰土种植的烤烟K326为供试作物,采用有机和常规两种方式生产烤烟,测定12个生产烟点的上、中、下部位烟叶中烟碱、总糖、还原糖、总氮、钾和氯含量及糖碱比、氮碱比、钾氯比。【结果】金沙县有机和常规生产方式下烤烟烟叶主要化学成分烟碱、总糖、还原糖、总氮、钾和氯含量及糖碱比、氮碱比、钾氯比大多处于适中或趋于适中水平,其质量总体较好;烤烟常规生产转为有机生产后烟叶的烟碱含量增加,部分达到较高水平,总糖含量和糖碱比降低,且上部叶和下部叶转为适宜水平,钾含量和氮碱比无明显变化。【结论】金沙县烤烟有机生产方式采用的肥料配方应减少有机氮肥、增施钾肥,增强降碱增钾效果,以提高有机烟叶生产质量。
【Objective】In order to provide scientific basis on guiding the efficient tobacco production in Guizhou province, the main chemical components in tobacco leaves produced by organic and conventional modes from Jinsha County——a typical karst area, were analyzed.【Method】The K326—a typical tobacco variety in limestone region of Jinsha county, Guizhou province, was used in this study. The organic and conventional production modes of tobacco leaves were included. Main chemical components in upper, middle and lower tobacco leaves from 12 typical sites including the contents of nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, nitrogen, potassium and chlorine and their ratios were analyzed.【Result】Results showed that the main chemical components(nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine) for both the organic and conventional tobacco leaves were in the optimum level or close to the optimum level. Thus, the quality of the tobacco leaves in Jinsha county was generally well. As compared with the conventional tobacco, the nicotine in leaves increased to the higher level, and the total sugar and the ratio of sugar to nicotine in upper and lower leaves decreased to optimal level, and the content of potassium and the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine were not significantly changed for organic tobacco leaves.【Conclusion】In order to increase the quality of organic tobacco leaves, the formulation of fertilizers applied to the organic tobacco in Jinsha County needs improvement to decrease nicotine and increase potassium in the near future.
【Objective】In order to provide scientific basis on guiding the efficient tobacco production in Guizhou province, the main chemical components in tobacco leaves produced by organic and conventional modes from Jinsha County——a typical karst area, were analyzed.【Method】The K326—a typical tobacco variety in limestone region of Jinsha county, Guizhou province, was used in this study. The organic and conventional production modes of tobacco leaves were included. Main chemical components in upper, middle and lower tobacco leaves from 12 typical sites including the contents of nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, nitrogen, potassium and chlorine and their ratios were analyzed.【Result】Results showed that the main chemical components(nicotine, total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine) for both the organic and conventional tobacco leaves were in the optimum level or close to the optimum level. Thus, the quality of the tobacco leaves in Jinsha county was generally well. As compared with the conventional tobacco, the nicotine in leaves increased to the higher level, and the total sugar and the ratio of sugar to nicotine in upper and lower leaves decreased to optimal level, and the content of potassium and the ratio of nitrogen to nicotine were not significantly changed for organic tobacco leaves.【Conclusion】In order to increase the quality of organic tobacco leaves, the formulation of fertilizers applied to the organic tobacco in Jinsha County needs improvement to decrease nicotine and increase potassium in the near future.
引文
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许自成,郑聪,李丹丹,殷英,邢小军.2009.烤烟钾含量与主要挥发性香气物质及感官质量的关系分析[J].河南农业大学学报,43(4):354-358.Xu Z C,Zheng C,Li D D,Yin Y,Xing X J.2009.Relationship between potassium content of flue-cured tobacco leaves and main volatile aroma components as well as sensory evaluation[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,43(4):354-358.
袁有波,朱维华,陈雪,翟欣,吴学巧,涂永高.2006.毕节地区烟叶主要化学成分评价[J].贵州农业科学,34(6):38-41.Yuan Y B,Zhu W H,Chen X,Zhai X,Wu X Q,Tu Y G.2006.Analysis on main chemical composition of tobacco planted in Bijie prefecture[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,34(6):38-41.
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张建国,聂俊华,杜振宇.2004b.复合生物有机肥在烤烟生产中的应用研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,10(4):424-428.Zhang J G,Nie J H,Du Z Y.2004b.Response of flue-cured tobacco to compound bio-organic fertilizer[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science,10(4):424-428.
张殿发,王世杰.2001.西南喀斯特地区的开发潜力制约因素及其战略措施[J].农村生态环境,17(3):9-12.Zhang D F,Wang S J.2001.Potential and limiting factors of development of the karst regions in southwest China,and the strategic countermeasures[J].Rural Eco-Environment,17(3):9-12.
招启柏,王广志,王宏武,汤一卒.2006.烤烟烟碱含量与其他化学成分的相关关系及其阈值的研究[J].中国烟草学报,12(2):26-28.Zhao Q B,Wang G Z,Wang H W,Tang Y Z.2006.Study on the threshold of nicotine content and correlations between nicotine and other chemical components in flue-cured tobacco[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,12(2):26-28.
董安玮.2012.贵州有机烟叶开发面临的形势及对策[EB/OL].2012-11-11.http://www.etmoc.com/leaf/looklist.asp?id=28375.Dong A W.2012.Situation and countermeasures of organic tobacco development in Guizhou[EB/OL].2012-11-11.http://www.etmoc.com/leaf/looklist.asp?id=28375.
窦玉青,刘新民,程森,黄瑾,王允白,张骏,顾毓敏.2012.论我国有机烟叶开发[J].中国烟草科学,33(2):98-101.Dou Y Q,Liu X M,Cheng S,Huang J,Wang Y B,Zhang J,Gu Y M.2012.Organic tobacco development in China[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,33(2):98-101.
杜咏梅,郭承芳,张怀宝,商耀,王晓玲,邱军,艾红丽.2000.水溶性糖,烟碱,总氮含量与烤烟吃味品质的关系研究[J].中国烟草科学,21(1):7-10.Du Y M,Guo C F,Zhang H B,Shang Y,Wang X L,Qiu J,Ai H L.2000.Relationship between content of water-soluble sugar,alkaloid,total nitrogen and taste quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,21(1):7-10.
冯文强,涂仕华,成本喜,廖鸣兰,秦鱼生.2008.氮、钾肥类型对烟草产量及吸钾量差异的研究[J].西南农业学报,21(1):117-120.Feng W Q,Tu S H,Cheng B X,Liang M L,Qin Y S.2008.Effect of different N and K carriers on yield and K uptake by tobacco[J].Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences,21(1):117-120.
胡卫东,张杨珠,李洪斌,杨全柳,张红.2011.施肥比例对烟草产量和品质的影响[J].湖南农业科学,(23):63-66.Hu W D,Zhang Y Z,Li H B,Yang Q L,Zhang H.2011.Effects of different fertilization ratios on yield and quality of tobacco[J].Hunan Agricultural Sciences,(23):63-66.
黄元炯,张毅,张翔,刘国顺,毛家伟.2008.腐殖酸和饼肥对土壤微生物和烤烟产质量的影响[J].中国烟草学报,(S1):25-28.Huang Y J,Zhang Y,Zhang X,Liu G S,Mao J W.2008.Effect of humic acid and cake fertilization on soil microbe and flue-cured tobacco yield and quality[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,(S1):25-28.
金闻博,戴亚.1994.烟草化学[M].北京:清华大学出版社.Jin W B,Dai Y.1994.Tobacco Chemistry[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press.
李强,周冀衡.2009.有机肥对烤烟生长及烟叶品质影响的研究动态[J].作物研究,(S1):192-196.Li Q,Zhou J H.2009.Research trends of influence of organic fertilizer on growth and quality of tobacco[J].Crop Research,(S1):192-196.
李文卿,陈顺辉,曾文龙,江荣风,李春俭,张福锁.2008.氮肥施用与烤烟氮素营养关系研究[J].中国烟草科学,29(4):38-41.Li W Q,Chen S H,Zeng W L,Jiang R F,Li C J,Zhang F S.2008.Relationship of nitrogen rates and nitrogen nutrition of flue-cured tobacco[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,29(4):38-41.
罗建新,肖汉乾,彭建伟,周万春.2000.施钾方法对土壤供钾能力及烤烟钾累积的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),26(5):352-354.Luo J X,Xiao H Q,Peng J W,Zhou W C.2000.Effects of potassium application methods on potassium supply capability of soil and potassium accumulation in flue-cured tobacco[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences),26(5):352-354.
邵孝侯,刘旭,周永波,于静.2011.生物有机肥改良连作土壤及烤烟生长发育的效应[J].中国土壤与肥料,(2):65-67.Shao X H,Liu X,Zhou Y B,Yu J.2011.Continuous cropping soil improved by bio-organic fertilizer application and its effects on growth and development of flue-cured tobacco[J].Soil and Fertilizer Science in China,(2):65-67.
石俊雄.2004.贵州省烤烟施肥现状问题与对策[J].贵州农业科学,32(3):91-92.Shi J X.2004.Present situation,problem and countermeasures for fertilizer application of tobacco in Guizhou[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,32(3):91-92.
王允白,王宝华,郭承芳,王凤龙,周健.1998.影响烤烟评吸质量的主要化学成分研究[J].中国农业科学,31(1):89-91.Wang Y B,Wang B H,Guo C F,Wang F L,Zhou J.1998.Study on the main chemical components related to smoking quality in flue-curred tobacco[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,31(1):89-91.
韦克苏,涂永高,宋泽民,高维常,陈懿.2013.贵州不同油分烟叶化学成分的差异[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),39(5):453-457.Wei K S,Tu Y G,Song Z M,Gao W C,Chen Y.2013.A study on the variation of chemical substances in flue-cured tobaccos with different oil proportions[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences),39(5):453-457.
许自成,郑聪,李丹丹,殷英,邢小军.2009.烤烟钾含量与主要挥发性香气物质及感官质量的关系分析[J].河南农业大学学报,43(4):354-358.Xu Z C,Zheng C,Li D D,Yin Y,Xing X J.2009.Relationship between potassium content of flue-cured tobacco leaves and main volatile aroma components as well as sensory evaluation[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural University,43(4):354-358.
袁有波,朱维华,陈雪,翟欣,吴学巧,涂永高.2006.毕节地区烟叶主要化学成分评价[J].贵州农业科学,34(6):38-41.Yuan Y B,Zhu W H,Chen X,Zhai X,Wu X Q,Tu Y G.2006.Analysis on main chemical composition of tobacco planted in Bijie prefecture[J].Guizhou Agricultural Sciences,34(6):38-41.
张建国,聂俊华,杜振宇.2004a.施用复合生物有机肥对烤烟产量和品质的效应[J].湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版),30(2):115-119.Zhang J G,Nie J H,Du Z Y.2004a.On the effects of compound bioorganic fertilizer on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco[J].Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences),30(2):115-119.
张建国,聂俊华,杜振宇.2004b.复合生物有机肥在烤烟生产中的应用研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,10(4):424-428.Zhang J G,Nie J H,Du Z Y.2004b.Response of flue-cured tobacco to compound bio-organic fertilizer[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science,10(4):424-428.
张殿发,王世杰.2001.西南喀斯特地区的开发潜力制约因素及其战略措施[J].农村生态环境,17(3):9-12.Zhang D F,Wang S J.2001.Potential and limiting factors of development of the karst regions in southwest China,and the strategic countermeasures[J].Rural Eco-Environment,17(3):9-12.
招启柏,王广志,王宏武,汤一卒.2006.烤烟烟碱含量与其他化学成分的相关关系及其阈值的研究[J].中国烟草学报,12(2):26-28.Zhao Q B,Wang G Z,Wang H W,Tang Y Z.2006.Study on the threshold of nicotine content and correlations between nicotine and other chemical components in flue-cured tobacco[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,12(2):26-28.