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黑曲霉粗酶液对绿茶产品风味及挥发性成分的影响
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摘要
为研究外源酶对绿茶风味特征及挥发性成分的影响,选用黑曲霉发酵的粗酶对绿茶进行处理。研究结果发现,茶叶梗发酵的黑曲霉粗酶液显著降低了茶叶中青草味和焦糖味,增加了烘焙味和蘑菇味;用马铃薯培养基发酵产生的黑曲霉粗酶液对绿茶香味影响较小。气质联用(GC-MS)分析表明,茶叶梗培养基发酵的粗酶液有更多的3-己烯醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、桉叶油醇和苯甲醛,马铃薯培养基发酵产生的粗酶液对绿茶挥发性成分影响较小。香味值结合气相色谱嗅闻仪结果显示,苯甲醛和桉叶油醇的增加是青草味减弱和烘焙味增强的主要原因,1-辛烯-3-醇的增加是蘑菇味增强的主要原因。这些结果表明茶叶梗发酵产生的酶能显著增加-1-辛烯-3-醇与桉叶油醇的含量,为外源酶改变绿茶的风味提供了新的数据基础。
Two enzyme extracts of Aspergillus niger were investigated in the effects on volatiles and aromatic profile of green tea.As a result,the green tea treated by crude enzyme prepared using tea stalk medium(CETSM) was found to decrease the green,caramel-like notes,and increase toasty and mushroom notes;which the crude enzyme fermented using potato dextrose medium(CEPDM) showed little effects on the aroma.GC-MS analysis showed that CETSM-treated tea have more content of3-hexenol ,l-octen-3-ol,eucalyptol,hexanol and benzaldehyde,and the CEPDM-treated tea and the original green tea sample have consistent volatiles.GC-O coupled with odour activity value analysis showed the increase of benzaldehyde,eucalyptol were the major reason of weaker green note,and stronger and toasty notes,and the increase of 1-octen-3-ol was the major reason of stronger mushroom note.These results indicate CETSM has some new enzymes for increasing the concentration of l-octen-3-ol and eucalyptol,providing valuable information for flavor management of green tea.
引文

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