电控燃气摩托车发动机的研究
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摘要
为改善摩托车发动机排放过高的问题，本文以气体燃料LPG作为摩托车发动机的代用燃料，结合电控技术对摩托车发动机进行改造和优化以进一步提高摩托车的排放性能。
本文首先研究比较了多种LPG喷射方式的特点，在此基础上，结合摩托车发动机的实际情况，完成了LPG进气道缸外电控喷射供给系统的设计，弥补了原有化油器供油系统的缺陷。
作者的主要工作集中在发动机电喷系统ECU的设计，完成了对发动机转速、节气门开度、进气压力、氧传感器等传感器前置电路的设计，ECU设计采用了双单片机结构，具有实时性和抗干扰能力强两方面的优势，两芯片通过双口RAM7132实现数据共享。同时将自学习策略运用于发动机闭环空燃比控制中以优化LPG喷射量的控制。
研制了可变点火提前角的数字式点火系统，弥补了摩托车发动机点火提前角不可调节的缺陷，试验研究了怠速下，点火提前角对HC、CO排放的影响。
系统的软件采用了模块化设计的方式，以便于今后的移植和系统扩展。在完成系统软、硬件开发基础上，在170F发动机上进行了试验研究，结果表明LPG发动机同原有汽油发动机相比，CO和HC的排放均有较大的改善，但也存在动力性下降问题。
Motorcycle is widely used all over the world, but in past years some countries limited it because of its high exhaust emission. In order to change this situation, the author was engaged in designing a motorcycle engine fueled with Liquefied Petroleum Gas instead of gasoline. The LPG motorcycle engine will controlled by electronic system instead of carburetion to reduce motorcycle's exhaust emission.
Firstly, the article compare three modes of LPG provide system. Considering motorcycle's characteristic, we completed LPG provide system's design in electronic control injection in manifold.
This article emphasize on the electronic control unit (ECU)'s design and realization. We achieve ECU design with TWO-CPU mode, in which they have a common data memorizer-IDT 7132. CDI ignition system's ignition signal was also utilized as injection timing reference signal. At the same time, we changed the CDI ignition system to make it adjust ignition timing automatically according to sensor data.
The software system was designed in function modularization mode to simplify its expansion and transplantation. Based on the system, a lot of matching test has been done in the 170F engine to check up its performance. Compared with gasoline engine. The LPG engine has lower CO and HC exhaust emission.
本文首先研究比较了多种LPG喷射方式的特点，在此基础上，结合摩托车发动机的实际情况，完成了LPG进气道缸外电控喷射供给系统的设计，弥补了原有化油器供油系统的缺陷。
作者的主要工作集中在发动机电喷系统ECU的设计，完成了对发动机转速、节气门开度、进气压力、氧传感器等传感器前置电路的设计，ECU设计采用了双单片机结构，具有实时性和抗干扰能力强两方面的优势，两芯片通过双口RAM7132实现数据共享。同时将自学习策略运用于发动机闭环空燃比控制中以优化LPG喷射量的控制。
研制了可变点火提前角的数字式点火系统，弥补了摩托车发动机点火提前角不可调节的缺陷，试验研究了怠速下，点火提前角对HC、CO排放的影响。
系统的软件采用了模块化设计的方式，以便于今后的移植和系统扩展。在完成系统软、硬件开发基础上，在170F发动机上进行了试验研究，结果表明LPG发动机同原有汽油发动机相比，CO和HC的排放均有较大的改善，但也存在动力性下降问题。
Motorcycle is widely used all over the world, but in past years some countries limited it because of its high exhaust emission. In order to change this situation, the author was engaged in designing a motorcycle engine fueled with Liquefied Petroleum Gas instead of gasoline. The LPG motorcycle engine will controlled by electronic system instead of carburetion to reduce motorcycle's exhaust emission.
Firstly, the article compare three modes of LPG provide system. Considering motorcycle's characteristic, we completed LPG provide system's design in electronic control injection in manifold.
This article emphasize on the electronic control unit (ECU)'s design and realization. We achieve ECU design with TWO-CPU mode, in which they have a common data memorizer-IDT 7132. CDI ignition system's ignition signal was also utilized as injection timing reference signal. At the same time, we changed the CDI ignition system to make it adjust ignition timing automatically according to sensor data.
The software system was designed in function modularization mode to simplify its expansion and transplantation. Based on the system, a lot of matching test has been done in the 170F engine to check up its performance. Compared with gasoline engine. The LPG engine has lower CO and HC exhaust emission.
引文
[1]孙济美 《天然气和液化石油气汽车》 北京理工大学出版社 1999．3
[1]李东林，宁康，刘志猛．摩托车综合测试系统，山东内燃机，2002，2．
[2]胡春明，谢辉，汪洋等．摩托车电控系统的匹配技术及其开发系统的研究，小型内燃机与摩托车，2002，2．
[3]《中国汽车报》(2002年07月11日第二版)
[4]蔡永立．液化石油气—汽车的新能源．能源季刊(台湾)．24卷第四期(1994．10)
[5]童康祥．我国燃气汽车的现状与发展．汽车杂志．1997(16)：2
[6]梁桂森等．车用发动机的一种新型能源——液化石油气．车用发动机．1999．6
[7]杨敬群等．夏利两用燃料汽车的开发．世界汽车．2000．8
[8]卫晓辉等．液化石油气汽车发动机技术探讨．车用发动机．2000．4
[9]黄勇．轻型车国家排放新标准10月1日起施行．新华网摘自中国环境报．2001．9
[10]政府制定汽车行业环保法规．汽车中国网
[11]J. A. Caton, et al. Development of a Dedicated LPG-Fueled Spark-Ignition Engine and Vehicle for the 1996 Propane Vehicle Challenge. SAE paper. 972693.
[12]Sierens, R. Experimental and Theoretical Study of Liquid LPG Injection. SAE paper. 922363.
[13]Daniel J. luhman ,erc . Emission Control of a Propane Fueled Small Utility Engine Utilizing Air/Fuel Ratio Control and Three-way Catalyst. SAE paper 932445
[1]李东林，宁康，刘志猛．摩托车综合测试系统，山东内燃机，2002，2．
[2]胡春明，谢辉，汪洋等．摩托车电控系统的匹配技术及其开发系统的研究，小型内燃机与摩托车，2002，2．
[3]《中国汽车报》(2002年07月11日第二版)
[4]蔡永立．液化石油气—汽车的新能源．能源季刊(台湾)．24卷第四期(1994．10)
[5]童康祥．我国燃气汽车的现状与发展．汽车杂志．1997(16)：2
[6]梁桂森等．车用发动机的一种新型能源——液化石油气．车用发动机．1999．6
[7]杨敬群等．夏利两用燃料汽车的开发．世界汽车．2000．8
[8]卫晓辉等．液化石油气汽车发动机技术探讨．车用发动机．2000．4
[9]黄勇．轻型车国家排放新标准10月1日起施行．新华网摘自中国环境报．2001．9
[10]政府制定汽车行业环保法规．汽车中国网
[11]J. A. Caton, et al. Development of a Dedicated LPG-Fueled Spark-Ignition Engine and Vehicle for the 1996 Propane Vehicle Challenge. SAE paper. 972693.
[12]Sierens, R. Experimental and Theoretical Study of Liquid LPG Injection. SAE paper. 922363.
[13]Daniel J. luhman ,erc . Emission Control of a Propane Fueled Small Utility Engine Utilizing Air/Fuel Ratio Control and Three-way Catalyst. SAE paper 932445