型号产品工艺分工系统及其关键技术研究
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摘要
生产工艺准备工作是联系产品设计与产品制造的重要环节,提高工艺准备工作的管理水平,合理安排各项工艺准备工作,对于减少产品生产周期,提高企业的竞争能力有重要的作用。当前,大多数研究都是集中于技术准备中计算机辅助系列技术及其集成等方面,而对产品工艺准备过程管理,尤其是产品工艺任务的分配与管理方面的研究较少,使其逐渐成为工艺管理中的瓶颈问题。另外,航天产品研制企业的工艺分工与传统制造企业有所不同,产品工艺技术文件一般是在工艺分工之后由任务承担者进行研究确定。针对此类问题,本文提出了建立产品工艺分工系统的解决方案,并把产品工艺分工定位为产品生产过程全周期的生产任务分解与分配活动,是对产品工艺准备工作进行合理安排的重要手段。本文从多个侧面分析了产品工艺分工的内涵,针对型号产品的特点及航天某院“生产技术准备与过程管理系统”项目需求,为解决当前工艺准备过程管理相关软件缺少任务和信息管理机制等问题,建立了产品工艺分工系统的技术体系,并研究了型号产品工艺分工系统建模、规划和产品结构BOM表达等技术,主要研究的内容如下:
针对型号产品的特点,在对产品工艺分工的内涵及业务过程进行分析基础上,建立了面向型号研制的产品工艺分工系统框架,该框架综合考虑了产品工艺分工与CAD、CAPP等系统的集成,能够实现工艺任务的快速分解与分配。
研究产品工艺分工过程建模技术,提出一种基于映射分解的工艺分工过程建模方法,该方法解决了当前建模方法在微观过程的不足,并基于该方法建立了产品工艺分工的过程模型,验证了该建模方法的可行性,为实现产品工艺任务分工过程的快速决策、上下游应用系统信息集成等技术提供了理论基础。
研究产品工艺任务的分解与评价方法。针对传统产品工艺任务凭借工艺分工人员的经验手工分解,且分解过程中涉及多方面工艺专业经验,难以实现快速决策的不足,提出基于规则的工艺任务分解方法并建立基于粒度的工艺任务分解评价模型;该方法以工艺WBS为起点,对工艺任务进行总体分解,再以文件需求为核心,建立规则的关联矩阵,实现计算机辅助产品工艺任务分解。
针对型号工艺任务分配以资源能力和执行任务可靠性为原则的特点,研究基于资源优化的工艺任务分配方法,提出了工艺任务量、资源负荷指数和可靠性指数估算方法,利用遗传算法求解工艺任务分配问题。
针对当前BOM在表达复杂产品结构中存在的问题,研究基于XML的BOM表达方法,该方法用二进制编码实现BOM的逻辑表达,并充分利用XML在数据交换方面的优点,建立基于XML的GBOM物理表达语法规则,并讨论柔性BOM在信息集成中的应用——建立了以GBOM为核心的产品工艺分工系统信息集成模型。
最后,在上述研究的基础上,在Microsoft SQL Server 2005关系数据库为支撑的环境下,使用Microsoft C#.net编程语言开发了基于PDM的集成产品工艺分工原型系统,验证上述各项技术的可行性和实用性。
Production process preparation is the important link between product design and product manufacture. It is important to improve the management level of the process preparation and sound arrange tasks of process preparation for reducing the production cycle of products and improving enterprises' competitive power. Now, most research focus on computer aided serial and integration technology. However, the study on product process tasks management is relative fewer, and it has been a bottleneck problem for process management. To the question, the solution of building product process assignment system is presented. Product process assignment is a process and method of dividing and assigning production tasks in the cycle life of production process. The intension of process assignment is addressed in various ways. To fulfill the requirement of project "The system of production technology preparation and process management" and solve some shortage on tasks and information management, the systematic technology framework of product process assignment is built, and these technologies about product process assignment modeling, planning and BOM description are studied. The research works done show as bellow:
Based on analyzing business process and intension, a system framework of aero product process assignment is set up for product development process. The framework meets the requirements of integration with CAD and CAPP. And the system can implement rapidly dividing and assigning process tasks.
Study the modeling technology of product process assignment process. A modeling method based on mapping division is presented. Some shortcomings of current modeling method are overcome with the method. Based on the method, a process model of process assignment is established. And information and resource model has been built to support the process model. These results validate the feasibility of the process modeling method. Therefore, the research lays the theoretical foundation for intelligent decision-making of process assignment and information integration of other systems.
Study the planning method of process assignment. For it is difficult to intelligent programming of tasks, process work breakdown method based on rules and relationship matrix is proposed. The approach can rapidly divide the process task based on PWBS (Production Work Breakdown Structure), with process file type demand as the kernel. Grouping decision-making model of process tasks is established. Estimating model for process workload and task executor capability (Task Execute Cell) is proposed in steps. Lastly, application of GA (Genetic Algorithm) is discussed on the process of process assignment.
It is a key issue of integrating the process assignment system with PDM (Product data Manage), CAD and CAPP to describe BOM. To the issue, a novel approach to represent generic bill of material (GBOM) is proposed based on XML and binary encoding. This approach organizes and manages data of process assignment through GBOM, and represents GBOM with neutral language of data exchange XML. The method fulfils requirements of information integration and solves the problem of data consistency.
Lastly,Based on above-mentioned research, with Microsoft C#.Net program language, an integrated product process assignment prototype system on PDM is developed to validate the feasibility of these researches, in Microsoft SQL Server 2005 relationship database development environment.
针对型号产品的特点,在对产品工艺分工的内涵及业务过程进行分析基础上,建立了面向型号研制的产品工艺分工系统框架,该框架综合考虑了产品工艺分工与CAD、CAPP等系统的集成,能够实现工艺任务的快速分解与分配。
研究产品工艺分工过程建模技术,提出一种基于映射分解的工艺分工过程建模方法,该方法解决了当前建模方法在微观过程的不足,并基于该方法建立了产品工艺分工的过程模型,验证了该建模方法的可行性,为实现产品工艺任务分工过程的快速决策、上下游应用系统信息集成等技术提供了理论基础。
研究产品工艺任务的分解与评价方法。针对传统产品工艺任务凭借工艺分工人员的经验手工分解,且分解过程中涉及多方面工艺专业经验,难以实现快速决策的不足,提出基于规则的工艺任务分解方法并建立基于粒度的工艺任务分解评价模型;该方法以工艺WBS为起点,对工艺任务进行总体分解,再以文件需求为核心,建立规则的关联矩阵,实现计算机辅助产品工艺任务分解。
针对型号工艺任务分配以资源能力和执行任务可靠性为原则的特点,研究基于资源优化的工艺任务分配方法,提出了工艺任务量、资源负荷指数和可靠性指数估算方法,利用遗传算法求解工艺任务分配问题。
针对当前BOM在表达复杂产品结构中存在的问题,研究基于XML的BOM表达方法,该方法用二进制编码实现BOM的逻辑表达,并充分利用XML在数据交换方面的优点,建立基于XML的GBOM物理表达语法规则,并讨论柔性BOM在信息集成中的应用——建立了以GBOM为核心的产品工艺分工系统信息集成模型。
最后,在上述研究的基础上,在Microsoft SQL Server 2005关系数据库为支撑的环境下,使用Microsoft C#.net编程语言开发了基于PDM的集成产品工艺分工原型系统,验证上述各项技术的可行性和实用性。
Production process preparation is the important link between product design and product manufacture. It is important to improve the management level of the process preparation and sound arrange tasks of process preparation for reducing the production cycle of products and improving enterprises' competitive power. Now, most research focus on computer aided serial and integration technology. However, the study on product process tasks management is relative fewer, and it has been a bottleneck problem for process management. To the question, the solution of building product process assignment system is presented. Product process assignment is a process and method of dividing and assigning production tasks in the cycle life of production process. The intension of process assignment is addressed in various ways. To fulfill the requirement of project "The system of production technology preparation and process management" and solve some shortage on tasks and information management, the systematic technology framework of product process assignment is built, and these technologies about product process assignment modeling, planning and BOM description are studied. The research works done show as bellow:
Based on analyzing business process and intension, a system framework of aero product process assignment is set up for product development process. The framework meets the requirements of integration with CAD and CAPP. And the system can implement rapidly dividing and assigning process tasks.
Study the modeling technology of product process assignment process. A modeling method based on mapping division is presented. Some shortcomings of current modeling method are overcome with the method. Based on the method, a process model of process assignment is established. And information and resource model has been built to support the process model. These results validate the feasibility of the process modeling method. Therefore, the research lays the theoretical foundation for intelligent decision-making of process assignment and information integration of other systems.
Study the planning method of process assignment. For it is difficult to intelligent programming of tasks, process work breakdown method based on rules and relationship matrix is proposed. The approach can rapidly divide the process task based on PWBS (Production Work Breakdown Structure), with process file type demand as the kernel. Grouping decision-making model of process tasks is established. Estimating model for process workload and task executor capability (Task Execute Cell) is proposed in steps. Lastly, application of GA (Genetic Algorithm) is discussed on the process of process assignment.
It is a key issue of integrating the process assignment system with PDM (Product data Manage), CAD and CAPP to describe BOM. To the issue, a novel approach to represent generic bill of material (GBOM) is proposed based on XML and binary encoding. This approach organizes and manages data of process assignment through GBOM, and represents GBOM with neutral language of data exchange XML. The method fulfils requirements of information integration and solves the problem of data consistency.
Lastly,Based on above-mentioned research, with Microsoft C#.Net program language, an integrated product process assignment prototype system on PDM is developed to validate the feasibility of these researches, in Microsoft SQL Server 2005 relationship database development environment.
引文
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