新疆吐哈盆地南缘构造演化地质特征及聚—成煤规律
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摘要
吐哈盆地位于新疆东部，大地构造单元位于哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块东南部，西伯利亚板块、哈萨克斯坦板块和塔里木板块的拼合部位。盆地经历多期构造演化，多旋回沉降，是一个叠合挤压型的含煤炭、石油、天然气的沉积盆地。复杂的地质条件形成了盆地多类型的煤田。随着吐哈盆地煤炭勘探程度的不断提高，特别是勘探开发资料的积累和对盆地演化规律的认识的不断提高，进一步加强煤炭成藏规律系统研究就显得十分重要。
论文在广泛收集已有研究资料的基础上，通过野外地质测量、二维地震技术、地球物理测井和钻探验证等技术和手段，对吐哈盆地南缘大南湖凹陷及沙尔湖凹陷两个凹陷内地层、构造、煤层、煤质和资源赋存条件等地质特征进行了系统的地质调查和研究，在此基础上对盆地成聚煤构造演化和成聚煤规律深入细致的分析，根据所得认识对盆地周缘成煤远景进行了预测和评价。论文取得的主要认识有：
1、通过区域地质、石油地质等多方资料的综合研究，研究区二维地震勘探解释成果和钻探验证对比，进一步掌握了吐哈盆地的基本构造特征，将盆地构造单元划分为4个Ⅰ级和12个Ⅱ级构造单元。初步掌握了含煤盆地的基本构造形态特征以及构造对煤系地层分布和煤层赋存条件的影响。
2、研究区侏罗纪含煤地层古生物研究取得重要成果，采获的大量植物及孢粉化石、发现珍贵蜥脚类恐龙化石，通过岩石地层、古生物化石等成果资料的研究，对大南湖地层层序进行了重新划分，其中隐伏地层划分出的中-上三叠统小泉沟群和下侏罗统八道湾组、三工河组重新厘定了区内侏罗系地层序列和主要含煤地层单元，确定盆地基底以湖相沉积为主的一套碎屑岩为上二叠统库莱组。
3、在吐哈煤盆地圈出了聚煤带和富煤中心。通过古地理环境演化分析，初步总结了含煤盆地在早-中侏罗世不同时期的成煤环境差异和聚煤规律。在含煤盆地内圈出了艾丁湖、沙尔湖、大南湖等赋煤带及赋煤中心。
4、通过收集利用以往成果特别是近年的煤矿勘查成果和正在开展的矿区总结报告、资源潜力评价成果的利用，对吐鲁番坳陷一带含煤地层、构造、煤层、煤质和资源赋存等情况进行了综合评价，初步建立了吐哈含煤盆地整体构造形态的认识。
5、通过本次研究，摸索出一套在大面积隐伏-半隐伏区找煤，采用二维地震勘探与钻探验证、地球物理测井、样品测试分析相结合的综合勘查方法，是快速评价隐伏区找煤的有效途径。
Turpan-Hami Basin is located in the east of Xinjiang, tectonic units in thesoutheastern of Kazakhstan-Junggar plate, which is located in the flatten parts of Siberia,Kazakhstan and Tarim plate. The basin which has experienced several tectonic evolutionand polycyclic settlement is a superposed-extruded type sedimentary basin which containscoal, oil, natural gas. The complex geological conditions are contributed to make the basinform more type coal field. With the exploration degree of coal in Turpan-Hami Basincontinues to improve, especially the accumulation of exploration and development dataand the knowledge of the basin evolution regulation, to further strengthen the systematicstudy of coal forming law is very important.
This paper is based on collect extensive research data, and using more technologicalmeans, which include field geological measure,2D seismic technology, geophysicallogging and drilling verification, to systematically geological survey and research on coalbearing strata, structure, coal seam, coal quality and resources occurrence conditions, andgeological characteristics of coal which locates in Dananhu and Shaerhu sag on thesouthern margin of Turpan-Hami Basin. Afterwards intensively analysis coal tectonicevolution and accumulating regulation of the basin, and make prediction and assessmentbased on the understanding of the periphery of the basin. The main knowledge is:
First, comprehensively study regional geology, petroleum geology information, andcontrast2D seismic interpretation with drilling results, further understand the basictectonic characteristics of Turpan-Hami basin. The basin is divided into fourⅠgradetectonic units and twelveⅡgrade tectonic units. Preliminary master the basic tectoniccharacteristics of the coal basin and regional tectonic influence on the distribution of coalstrata and coal forming condition.
Second, paleontology research of Jurassic coal-bearing strata in the study area hasmade important achievements, such as a large number of plants and pollen fossils,precious dinosaur fossils. Based on rock formations, fossils and other results research data,the stratigraphic sequence of Dananhu formation has been reclassified. Buried stratigraphic divided into Middle-Upper Triassic Xiaoquangou Group and Lower JurassicBadaowan, Sangonghe Formation which are regional coal-bearing strata. Re-determinedthe Jurassic stratigraphic sequence and the major coal-bearing stratigraphic units, andidentified the basement is Upper Permian Kulai Formation which is a set of lake faciesclastic.
Third, circle the belt of coal accumulation and coal-rich center of the Turpan-HamiBasin. By analyzing the Paleogeographic evolution regulation, primarily summarized thecoal-forming environment differences and coal accumulation law in the different period ofEarly-Middle Jurassicl. At last delineate some coal-forming center in the coal basin suchas Aydin Lake, Shaerhu, Dananhu and so on.
Forth, by collecting results of comprehensively evaluate Coal-bearing strata, structureand quality in Turpan Sag area，especially in recent years. Preliminarily established thecoal basin overall structural shape and acknowledge of Turpan-Hami.
Fifth, through this research, worked out a kind of method which combining2Dseismic exploration, drilling, geophysical logging and sample analysis is an effective wayto coal assessment, especially in large areas of buried-half buried regions.
论文在广泛收集已有研究资料的基础上，通过野外地质测量、二维地震技术、地球物理测井和钻探验证等技术和手段，对吐哈盆地南缘大南湖凹陷及沙尔湖凹陷两个凹陷内地层、构造、煤层、煤质和资源赋存条件等地质特征进行了系统的地质调查和研究，在此基础上对盆地成聚煤构造演化和成聚煤规律深入细致的分析，根据所得认识对盆地周缘成煤远景进行了预测和评价。论文取得的主要认识有：
1、通过区域地质、石油地质等多方资料的综合研究，研究区二维地震勘探解释成果和钻探验证对比，进一步掌握了吐哈盆地的基本构造特征，将盆地构造单元划分为4个Ⅰ级和12个Ⅱ级构造单元。初步掌握了含煤盆地的基本构造形态特征以及构造对煤系地层分布和煤层赋存条件的影响。
2、研究区侏罗纪含煤地层古生物研究取得重要成果，采获的大量植物及孢粉化石、发现珍贵蜥脚类恐龙化石，通过岩石地层、古生物化石等成果资料的研究，对大南湖地层层序进行了重新划分，其中隐伏地层划分出的中-上三叠统小泉沟群和下侏罗统八道湾组、三工河组重新厘定了区内侏罗系地层序列和主要含煤地层单元，确定盆地基底以湖相沉积为主的一套碎屑岩为上二叠统库莱组。
3、在吐哈煤盆地圈出了聚煤带和富煤中心。通过古地理环境演化分析，初步总结了含煤盆地在早-中侏罗世不同时期的成煤环境差异和聚煤规律。在含煤盆地内圈出了艾丁湖、沙尔湖、大南湖等赋煤带及赋煤中心。
4、通过收集利用以往成果特别是近年的煤矿勘查成果和正在开展的矿区总结报告、资源潜力评价成果的利用，对吐鲁番坳陷一带含煤地层、构造、煤层、煤质和资源赋存等情况进行了综合评价，初步建立了吐哈含煤盆地整体构造形态的认识。
5、通过本次研究，摸索出一套在大面积隐伏-半隐伏区找煤，采用二维地震勘探与钻探验证、地球物理测井、样品测试分析相结合的综合勘查方法，是快速评价隐伏区找煤的有效途径。
Turpan-Hami Basin is located in the east of Xinjiang, tectonic units in thesoutheastern of Kazakhstan-Junggar plate, which is located in the flatten parts of Siberia,Kazakhstan and Tarim plate. The basin which has experienced several tectonic evolutionand polycyclic settlement is a superposed-extruded type sedimentary basin which containscoal, oil, natural gas. The complex geological conditions are contributed to make the basinform more type coal field. With the exploration degree of coal in Turpan-Hami Basincontinues to improve, especially the accumulation of exploration and development dataand the knowledge of the basin evolution regulation, to further strengthen the systematicstudy of coal forming law is very important.
This paper is based on collect extensive research data, and using more technologicalmeans, which include field geological measure,2D seismic technology, geophysicallogging and drilling verification, to systematically geological survey and research on coalbearing strata, structure, coal seam, coal quality and resources occurrence conditions, andgeological characteristics of coal which locates in Dananhu and Shaerhu sag on thesouthern margin of Turpan-Hami Basin. Afterwards intensively analysis coal tectonicevolution and accumulating regulation of the basin, and make prediction and assessmentbased on the understanding of the periphery of the basin. The main knowledge is:
First, comprehensively study regional geology, petroleum geology information, andcontrast2D seismic interpretation with drilling results, further understand the basictectonic characteristics of Turpan-Hami basin. The basin is divided into fourⅠgradetectonic units and twelveⅡgrade tectonic units. Preliminary master the basic tectoniccharacteristics of the coal basin and regional tectonic influence on the distribution of coalstrata and coal forming condition.
Second, paleontology research of Jurassic coal-bearing strata in the study area hasmade important achievements, such as a large number of plants and pollen fossils,precious dinosaur fossils. Based on rock formations, fossils and other results research data,the stratigraphic sequence of Dananhu formation has been reclassified. Buried stratigraphic divided into Middle-Upper Triassic Xiaoquangou Group and Lower JurassicBadaowan, Sangonghe Formation which are regional coal-bearing strata. Re-determinedthe Jurassic stratigraphic sequence and the major coal-bearing stratigraphic units, andidentified the basement is Upper Permian Kulai Formation which is a set of lake faciesclastic.
Third, circle the belt of coal accumulation and coal-rich center of the Turpan-HamiBasin. By analyzing the Paleogeographic evolution regulation, primarily summarized thecoal-forming environment differences and coal accumulation law in the different period ofEarly-Middle Jurassicl. At last delineate some coal-forming center in the coal basin suchas Aydin Lake, Shaerhu, Dananhu and so on.
Forth, by collecting results of comprehensively evaluate Coal-bearing strata, structureand quality in Turpan Sag area，especially in recent years. Preliminarily established thecoal basin overall structural shape and acknowledge of Turpan-Hami.
Fifth, through this research, worked out a kind of method which combining2Dseismic exploration, drilling, geophysical logging and sample analysis is an effective wayto coal assessment, especially in large areas of buried-half buried regions.
引文
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