巴马长寿研究信息系统的建立及GIS在巴马长寿人群空间分布研究中的应用
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摘要
目的:在医学领域中引进地理信息系统(Geographical Information System,GIS)技术,建立巴马长寿研究信息库及地理信息库模块,探讨Access与GIS的联系方法,构建巴马长寿研究综合信息平台,从环境、遗传、生活行为等多方面对巴马长寿研究相关资料进行全面管理与展现。
方法:综合利用数据库技术和地理信息系统技术对巴马长寿研究结果数据进行管理。利用Access 2003软件开发巴马长寿研究数据库;利用ArcGIS 9.3软件开发地理信息库模块;利用ArcGIS 9.3中自带连接功能实现Access信息库与地理信息系统数据间的联系。
结果:集Access 2003与ArcGIS 9.3两个软件之所长,建立起适合于实际应用、界面友好、操作简单的巴马长寿研究信息系统,可对巴马长寿多方面的研究资料进行动态录入、存盘、系统管理及信息查询。
结论:把GIS技术融入到巴马长寿研究信息系统的构建当中,将错综复杂的各类型研究数据进行系统化的管理及可视化的展示,这为巴马长寿进一步系统的、科学的研究提供良好平台,具有深远的意义。
目的:研究广西巴马县长寿人群空间分布特征,探讨空间数据及GIS空间分析技术在长寿空间异质性研究中的应用价值和意义,为今后巴马长寿深入、系统的研究奠定基础。
方法:以2000年全国第五次人口普查资料及2007年抽查登记资料为基础,采用Mapinfo 8.0软件绘制能够直观反映巴马县长寿人群(85岁及以上)各村落分布情况的专题地图;采用ArcGIS 9.3、GS 9.0、GeoDa 9.5、Satscan 7.0等GIS软件对巴马长寿进行趋势分析、变异函数、Kriging插值、空间自相关、空间扫描统计等空间分析,从不同角度全面揭示巴马长寿人群空间分布特征。
结果:1、探索性空间数据分析显示,巴马长寿人群的空间分布不均匀,呈相对聚集性分布。
2、变异函数拟合结果显示,由空间自相关引起的空间异质性程度为59.4%;拟合优度R2=0.880,模型拟合较好。
3、Kriging插值分析结果显示,本次Kriging插值是无偏、最优插值。
4、空间自相关分析:全域Moran’sⅠ分析说明巴马长寿存在聚集性分布。局域Gi及LISA分析说明巴马北部地区是高长寿率地区,巴马西部地区及部分南部地区是低长寿率地区。
5、空间扫描统计分析:第一个高长寿率聚集区中心位于东经24.24190、北纬107.00650的戈贤村,其半径为17.25km,共覆盖21个村;第二个高长寿率聚集区中心位于东经24.15330、北纬107.22480的弄友村,其半径为8.43km,共覆盖7个村。
结论:利用GIS空间分析技术,明确了地理上以戈贤村和弄友村为中心的巴马高长寿率聚集区,其半径分别为17.25公里和8.43公里;主要位于局桑、那社乡的巴马西部地区及部分南部地区可能为巴马相对低长寿率聚集区。巴马长寿的空间异质性主要由空间自相关性决定,这为进一步究巴马长寿的形成机制提供了科学依据。
Objective: By introducing the Geographical Information System technology (GIS)to the medical field,and establishing Bama longevity research’s informa- tion database and geographic information database module, to explore the rela- tionship of Access and GIS softwares, and establish the integrated information platform about the research of Bama longevity, which could manage and display the information of environment, heredity, life style and other aspects.
Methods: The Bama longevity research datas were managed by comprehensive utilization of database technology and GIS technology. The Bama longevity research information database was developed with Access 2003 software; the geographic information database module was developed with ArcGIS 9.3 software ;the both was connected by the involved function of ArcGIS 9.3.
Results: The Bama Longevity Research Information System is suitable for practical applications, user-friendly and simple for operation. The research datas could be entered, saved , managed and searched by this system easily.
Conclusion: The various types of complex datas could be managed systemati- cally and visualized by introducing GIS technology to the establishment about the information database of Bama longevity research, which provides a good and far-reaching significant platform with scientific and systematic research in Bama longevity research.
Objective: To research the characteristics of spatial distribution of Longevity in Bama County, and discuss the value and significance of GIS spatial analysis to the study of longevity’s distribution.
Methods: The thematic map based on the fifth national census in 2000 and the sampling data in 2007 which reflected directly villages’geographical distribu- tion of longevous population(aged 90 and over)among Bama’s villages was maked by Mapinfo 8.0 software; several spatial statistic methods including exploratory spatial data analysis,semivariogram function,spatial autocorrela- tion,spatial scan statistic and Kriging interpolation were maked by ArcGIS 9.3,GS 9.0,GeoDa 9.5,Satscan 7.0,so as to find the characteristics of spatial distribution of longevity in Bama.
Results: 1. The results of exploratory spatial data analysis are as follow: The longevous population in Bama are not well-distributed but various by district.
2. The fitting results of semivariogram function manifest that goodness of fit is 0.880(R2=0.880),59.4% of total variance is attributed to spatial autocorre- lation.
3. The results of Kriging interpolation indicated that the spatial distribution map of longevity areas in Bama country is a good fitness.
4. Analysis of spatial autocorrelation: The global Moran’s I indicator illustrates that there is cluster with higher rates of longevity in Bama;the regional Gi and LISA analysis illustrate that the north in Bama is higher rate region of longevity,the west and the south is lower relatively rate region.
5. Spatial scan statistic: The central coordinate of the first higher rate cluster is Gexian(24.24190E, 107.00650N),and the radius is about 17.25km which covers 21 villages; The central coordinate of the second higher rate cluster is Nongyou(24.15330E、107.22480N),and the radius is about 8.43 km which covers 7 villages.
Conclusion: By GIS spatial analysis, Gexian village and Nongyou village are found to be the centers of geographically high rate longevity areas. Their radius are 17.25km and 8.43km. Jushang xiang and Nashe xiang which are located in west and south part of Bama country are relatively low rate longevity areas. The spatial heterogeneity of Bama longevity is mainly decided by spatial autocorrelation. This provides the scientific basis for further research on the Bama longevity formative mechanism.
方法:综合利用数据库技术和地理信息系统技术对巴马长寿研究结果数据进行管理。利用Access 2003软件开发巴马长寿研究数据库;利用ArcGIS 9.3软件开发地理信息库模块;利用ArcGIS 9.3中自带连接功能实现Access信息库与地理信息系统数据间的联系。
结果:集Access 2003与ArcGIS 9.3两个软件之所长,建立起适合于实际应用、界面友好、操作简单的巴马长寿研究信息系统,可对巴马长寿多方面的研究资料进行动态录入、存盘、系统管理及信息查询。
结论:把GIS技术融入到巴马长寿研究信息系统的构建当中,将错综复杂的各类型研究数据进行系统化的管理及可视化的展示,这为巴马长寿进一步系统的、科学的研究提供良好平台,具有深远的意义。
目的:研究广西巴马县长寿人群空间分布特征,探讨空间数据及GIS空间分析技术在长寿空间异质性研究中的应用价值和意义,为今后巴马长寿深入、系统的研究奠定基础。
方法:以2000年全国第五次人口普查资料及2007年抽查登记资料为基础,采用Mapinfo 8.0软件绘制能够直观反映巴马县长寿人群(85岁及以上)各村落分布情况的专题地图;采用ArcGIS 9.3、GS 9.0、GeoDa 9.5、Satscan 7.0等GIS软件对巴马长寿进行趋势分析、变异函数、Kriging插值、空间自相关、空间扫描统计等空间分析,从不同角度全面揭示巴马长寿人群空间分布特征。
结果:1、探索性空间数据分析显示,巴马长寿人群的空间分布不均匀,呈相对聚集性分布。
2、变异函数拟合结果显示,由空间自相关引起的空间异质性程度为59.4%;拟合优度R2=0.880,模型拟合较好。
3、Kriging插值分析结果显示,本次Kriging插值是无偏、最优插值。
4、空间自相关分析:全域Moran’sⅠ分析说明巴马长寿存在聚集性分布。局域Gi及LISA分析说明巴马北部地区是高长寿率地区,巴马西部地区及部分南部地区是低长寿率地区。
5、空间扫描统计分析:第一个高长寿率聚集区中心位于东经24.24190、北纬107.00650的戈贤村,其半径为17.25km,共覆盖21个村;第二个高长寿率聚集区中心位于东经24.15330、北纬107.22480的弄友村,其半径为8.43km,共覆盖7个村。
结论:利用GIS空间分析技术,明确了地理上以戈贤村和弄友村为中心的巴马高长寿率聚集区,其半径分别为17.25公里和8.43公里;主要位于局桑、那社乡的巴马西部地区及部分南部地区可能为巴马相对低长寿率聚集区。巴马长寿的空间异质性主要由空间自相关性决定,这为进一步究巴马长寿的形成机制提供了科学依据。
Objective: By introducing the Geographical Information System technology (GIS)to the medical field,and establishing Bama longevity research’s informa- tion database and geographic information database module, to explore the rela- tionship of Access and GIS softwares, and establish the integrated information platform about the research of Bama longevity, which could manage and display the information of environment, heredity, life style and other aspects.
Methods: The Bama longevity research datas were managed by comprehensive utilization of database technology and GIS technology. The Bama longevity research information database was developed with Access 2003 software; the geographic information database module was developed with ArcGIS 9.3 software ;the both was connected by the involved function of ArcGIS 9.3.
Results: The Bama Longevity Research Information System is suitable for practical applications, user-friendly and simple for operation. The research datas could be entered, saved , managed and searched by this system easily.
Conclusion: The various types of complex datas could be managed systemati- cally and visualized by introducing GIS technology to the establishment about the information database of Bama longevity research, which provides a good and far-reaching significant platform with scientific and systematic research in Bama longevity research.
Objective: To research the characteristics of spatial distribution of Longevity in Bama County, and discuss the value and significance of GIS spatial analysis to the study of longevity’s distribution.
Methods: The thematic map based on the fifth national census in 2000 and the sampling data in 2007 which reflected directly villages’geographical distribu- tion of longevous population(aged 90 and over)among Bama’s villages was maked by Mapinfo 8.0 software; several spatial statistic methods including exploratory spatial data analysis,semivariogram function,spatial autocorrela- tion,spatial scan statistic and Kriging interpolation were maked by ArcGIS 9.3,GS 9.0,GeoDa 9.5,Satscan 7.0,so as to find the characteristics of spatial distribution of longevity in Bama.
Results: 1. The results of exploratory spatial data analysis are as follow: The longevous population in Bama are not well-distributed but various by district.
2. The fitting results of semivariogram function manifest that goodness of fit is 0.880(R2=0.880),59.4% of total variance is attributed to spatial autocorre- lation.
3. The results of Kriging interpolation indicated that the spatial distribution map of longevity areas in Bama country is a good fitness.
4. Analysis of spatial autocorrelation: The global Moran’s I indicator illustrates that there is cluster with higher rates of longevity in Bama;the regional Gi and LISA analysis illustrate that the north in Bama is higher rate region of longevity,the west and the south is lower relatively rate region.
5. Spatial scan statistic: The central coordinate of the first higher rate cluster is Gexian(24.24190E, 107.00650N),and the radius is about 17.25km which covers 21 villages; The central coordinate of the second higher rate cluster is Nongyou(24.15330E、107.22480N),and the radius is about 8.43 km which covers 7 villages.
Conclusion: By GIS spatial analysis, Gexian village and Nongyou village are found to be the centers of geographically high rate longevity areas. Their radius are 17.25km and 8.43km. Jushang xiang and Nashe xiang which are located in west and south part of Bama country are relatively low rate longevity areas. The spatial heterogeneity of Bama longevity is mainly decided by spatial autocorrelation. This provides the scientific basis for further research on the Bama longevity formative mechanism.
引文
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