稀土细化半固态ZL101铝合金研究
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摘要
作为新型成形技术,金属半固态加工已成为当今最活跃的研究领域之一。获得细小、均匀的初生球状组织是整个半固态加工技术的基础和关键。为此,本文针对工业上广泛应用的亚共晶成分的铝硅ZL101合金,通过实验研究了稀土细化ZL101合金半固态初生相组织的影响,从理论上分析稀土细化机理;确定了得到球状初生组织的最佳细化剂含量和合适的工艺条件,为工业生产提供了一定的研究基础和理论依据。
研究结果表明:在添加稀土的条件下,通过实验研究,相同保温温度下保温200s后的获取最佳的ZL101-稀土合金初生相形貌的浇注温度是618℃;在稀土Sc的影响下,最佳ZL101初生相组织的工艺条件为:Sc加入量为0.6wt%,保温温度为590℃,保温时间为60s,此时,其最小的晶粒平均等效圆直径达到29.91μm,其平均形状因子最佳的为0.94。混合稀土细化处理及低温浇注制备半固态ZL101初生球晶的工艺过程,获得了最佳工艺条件:保温温度为590℃,保温时间为200s,稀土的加入量为0.5%,此时,其晶粒在铸态下的形状因子为0.78。
在618℃浇注,590℃保温200s后,在半固态ZL101铝合金中添加Y2O3的最佳加入量是1.5wt%,此时半固态ZL101合金初生相平均等积圆直径为22.48μm;而稀土镨的最佳添加量是0.3wt%,此时半固态ZL101-Pr合金初生相平均形状因子为0.86;Sc和Zr的混合细化的最佳是0.3wt%Sc和0.2wt%Zr。
本文的特色之处在于:低温浇注时,采用稀土细化作用获得了细小、圆整且分布均匀的初生球状组织并研究了稀土细化ZL101半固态的新机制,为半固态合金技术发明和工艺上的创新提供可靠的理论依据和途径。
As an emerging technology, semi-solid metal processing is getting fashionable in the field of research nowadays. It is of vital importance to gain the microstructures of fine globular primary phase in the semisolid metal processing. In this article, the effect of grain refining, solidification condition on primaryα-Al morphology in ZL101 Al alloy used widely in industry were experimentally investigated. The refining mechanism of RE the spheral structure formation mechanism were theoretically analyzed. The optimal refining modification additive and appropriate experiment conditions for spheral primaryα-Al were confirmed. Which provided research and theory foundation for industrialization of semi-solid ZL101 Al alloy.
The experiments results showed that the morphology of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was significantly improved by RE refining at 200 seconds holding time and 618℃pouring ; The Sc was optimized to 0.6wt% of Sc addition and 60 seconds holding 590℃,Under these conditions, the average equal-area-circle grain diameter of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was approximately 29.91μm and its average morphology factor was approximately 0.94. While adding the mixed RE into ZL101 Al alloy, the optimum pouring temperature ,holding time and mixed RE content, were respectively 590℃, 200 seconds and 0.5wt%, and its average morphology factor was approximately 0.78.
Under these conditions: at 618℃pouring 590℃and holding 200 seconds,the optimal contents of Y2O3 additions were 1.5wt% in the alloy,The best morphology of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was obtained and the average equal-area-circle grain diameter of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was approximately 22.48μm. While adding Pr into ZL101 Al alloy, the optimal contents of Pr additions were 0.3wt% in the alloy and its average morphology factor was approximately 0.86.The experiment proved that the fine uniform spheral primaryα-Al was obtained by adding 0.3 wt %Sc+0.2 wt %Zr into ZL101 Al alloy.
The characteristic of this article was that the fine uniform spheral primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was obtained by grain refining at low superheat pouring and the new refining mechanism of RE. It provide a reliable theoretical basis and approaches for Semi-solid alloy technological inventions and technological innovation.
研究结果表明:在添加稀土的条件下,通过实验研究,相同保温温度下保温200s后的获取最佳的ZL101-稀土合金初生相形貌的浇注温度是618℃;在稀土Sc的影响下,最佳ZL101初生相组织的工艺条件为:Sc加入量为0.6wt%,保温温度为590℃,保温时间为60s,此时,其最小的晶粒平均等效圆直径达到29.91μm,其平均形状因子最佳的为0.94。混合稀土细化处理及低温浇注制备半固态ZL101初生球晶的工艺过程,获得了最佳工艺条件:保温温度为590℃,保温时间为200s,稀土的加入量为0.5%,此时,其晶粒在铸态下的形状因子为0.78。
在618℃浇注,590℃保温200s后,在半固态ZL101铝合金中添加Y2O3的最佳加入量是1.5wt%,此时半固态ZL101合金初生相平均等积圆直径为22.48μm;而稀土镨的最佳添加量是0.3wt%,此时半固态ZL101-Pr合金初生相平均形状因子为0.86;Sc和Zr的混合细化的最佳是0.3wt%Sc和0.2wt%Zr。
本文的特色之处在于:低温浇注时,采用稀土细化作用获得了细小、圆整且分布均匀的初生球状组织并研究了稀土细化ZL101半固态的新机制,为半固态合金技术发明和工艺上的创新提供可靠的理论依据和途径。
As an emerging technology, semi-solid metal processing is getting fashionable in the field of research nowadays. It is of vital importance to gain the microstructures of fine globular primary phase in the semisolid metal processing. In this article, the effect of grain refining, solidification condition on primaryα-Al morphology in ZL101 Al alloy used widely in industry were experimentally investigated. The refining mechanism of RE the spheral structure formation mechanism were theoretically analyzed. The optimal refining modification additive and appropriate experiment conditions for spheral primaryα-Al were confirmed. Which provided research and theory foundation for industrialization of semi-solid ZL101 Al alloy.
The experiments results showed that the morphology of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was significantly improved by RE refining at 200 seconds holding time and 618℃pouring ; The Sc was optimized to 0.6wt% of Sc addition and 60 seconds holding 590℃,Under these conditions, the average equal-area-circle grain diameter of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was approximately 29.91μm and its average morphology factor was approximately 0.94. While adding the mixed RE into ZL101 Al alloy, the optimum pouring temperature ,holding time and mixed RE content, were respectively 590℃, 200 seconds and 0.5wt%, and its average morphology factor was approximately 0.78.
Under these conditions: at 618℃pouring 590℃and holding 200 seconds,the optimal contents of Y2O3 additions were 1.5wt% in the alloy,The best morphology of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was obtained and the average equal-area-circle grain diameter of primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was approximately 22.48μm. While adding Pr into ZL101 Al alloy, the optimal contents of Pr additions were 0.3wt% in the alloy and its average morphology factor was approximately 0.86.The experiment proved that the fine uniform spheral primaryα-Al was obtained by adding 0.3 wt %Sc+0.2 wt %Zr into ZL101 Al alloy.
The characteristic of this article was that the fine uniform spheral primaryα-Al in ZL101 Al alloy was obtained by grain refining at low superheat pouring and the new refining mechanism of RE. It provide a reliable theoretical basis and approaches for Semi-solid alloy technological inventions and technological innovation.
引文
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