大豆黄酮对奶牛泌乳和几种激素水平的影响
摘要
本试验研究了饲喂大豆黄酮对奶牛泌乳和几种激素水平的影响。
试验Ⅰ用4头处于第3泌乳期、产奶约7个月的中国荷斯坦牛，年龄6岁左右。采用前后自身对照方法，分为对照期和试验期，均为12d。对照期日粮中不添加大豆黄酮，试验期日粮中添加10ppm的大豆黄酮。
结果表明，饲喂大豆黄酮能缓解泌乳后期奶牛产奶量的下降趋势，并在一定程度上提高产奶量。乳成分分析结果表明，大豆黄酮显著提高乳蛋白的含量(P＜0.01)，而对乳脂率的影响不大。激素分析结果表明，大豆黄酮显著提高血清中、乳中T_4的含量(P＜0.05)。血清中及乳中GH、PRL、E_2和TSH的含量均有升高的趋势，而T_3则有下降的趋势。与对照期相比，血清中E_2、GU、PRL和TSH含量分别提高了36.46％、33.75％、13.13％和5.65％；乳中E_2、GH、PRL和TSH含量分别提高了7.43％、6.79％、8.71％和3.76％；血清中和乳中T_3的含量则分别降低了25.67％和7.79％，差异均不显著
试验Ⅱ用14头胎次、泌乳期相似的黑白花奶牛。采用分组对照试验，试验期为30d。对照组日粮中不添加大豆黄酮，试验组日粮中添加10ppm的大豆黄酮。
结果表明，饲喂大豆黄酮能缓解泌乳后期奶牛产奶量的下降趋势，并在一定程度上提高产奶量。乳成分分析结果表明，乳蛋白有升高的趋势，而乳脂率有下降的趋势，差异均不显著。激素分析结果表明，试验第15d，大豆黄酮显著提高乳中GH的含量(P＜0.05)；试验第30d，显著提高血浆中CH(P＜0.05)和PRL的含量(P＜0.01)。另外，血浆中、乳中E_2、T_3和T_4的含量均有升高的趋势。与对照组相比，血浆中第30d的E_2、T_3和T_4分别提高了5.15％、8.38％和7.14％；乳中E_2、T_3和T_4分别提高了4.52％、22.86％和20.77％。
提示大豆黄酮可能通过调节内源性激素水平而间接地提高奶牛泌乳量和乳蛋白。
Effects of daidzein on the lactation and the levels of some pertinent hormones of dairy cows were studied in the experiments.
In experiment I , four 6-year-old Chinese Holstein cows in their 7th month of the 3rd lactation were studied. Self-control method was used and the test
was divided into control and treatment periods. Daidzein was added in the concentrate by lOppm during the treatment period, while during the control period
daidzein was not added. The results showed that feeding daidzein can lessen the decline tendency of milk yield in later lactation phase and improve the
milk yield to some extent; the concentration of lactoprotein was significantly increased(P<0.01) while the milkfat percentage was not evidently affected
by daidzein administration. The T4 level of the serum and of the milk were all markedly raised (PO.05), and the levels of GH, PRL, E2 and TSH of the serum as well as of the milk had increasing tendencies while T3 showed a tendency of decline; compared with the control, the levels of ?, GH, PRL and TSH of the serum in the treatment were respectively increased by 36.46%, 33.75%, 13.13% and 6.65%, and those of the milk were respectively raised by 7.43%, 6.79%, 8.71% and 3.76%, while the T3 levels of the serum and of the milk were dropped by 25.67% and 7.79% respectively, but all the differences were not evident.
In experiment II, 14 Holstein dairy cows similar in parturition
37
numbers and lactation period were divided into treatment and control groups. The test lasted 30 days, during which the treatment concentrate was added with 10ppm daidzein while there was not daidzein addition in the control concentrate. The results showed that feeding daidzein can lessen the decline tendency of milk yield in later lactation phase and the milk yield was improved to some degree; the content of lactoprotein was increased while the milkfat percentage was dropped, but all the differences were not significant; the GH content of the milk on the 15d was evidently increased (P<0.05); the GH (P<0.05) and PRL (P<0.01) levels of the plasma on the 30d were markedly raised; in addition, all the levels of E2, T3 and T4 of the plasma as well as of the milk had increasing tendencies. On the 30d , compared with the control, the levels of e2, T3 and T4 of the plasma were increased by 5.15%,8.38% and 7.14% respectively and those of the milk were increased by 4.52%,22.86% and 20.77% separately.
The results indicated that daidzein can indirectly increase milk yield and lactoprotein content of the treated dairy cows.
试验Ⅰ用4头处于第3泌乳期、产奶约7个月的中国荷斯坦牛，年龄6岁左右。采用前后自身对照方法，分为对照期和试验期，均为12d。对照期日粮中不添加大豆黄酮，试验期日粮中添加10ppm的大豆黄酮。
结果表明，饲喂大豆黄酮能缓解泌乳后期奶牛产奶量的下降趋势，并在一定程度上提高产奶量。乳成分分析结果表明，大豆黄酮显著提高乳蛋白的含量(P＜0.01)，而对乳脂率的影响不大。激素分析结果表明，大豆黄酮显著提高血清中、乳中T_4的含量(P＜0.05)。血清中及乳中GH、PRL、E_2和TSH的含量均有升高的趋势，而T_3则有下降的趋势。与对照期相比，血清中E_2、GU、PRL和TSH含量分别提高了36.46％、33.75％、13.13％和5.65％；乳中E_2、GH、PRL和TSH含量分别提高了7.43％、6.79％、8.71％和3.76％；血清中和乳中T_3的含量则分别降低了25.67％和7.79％，差异均不显著
试验Ⅱ用14头胎次、泌乳期相似的黑白花奶牛。采用分组对照试验，试验期为30d。对照组日粮中不添加大豆黄酮，试验组日粮中添加10ppm的大豆黄酮。
结果表明，饲喂大豆黄酮能缓解泌乳后期奶牛产奶量的下降趋势，并在一定程度上提高产奶量。乳成分分析结果表明，乳蛋白有升高的趋势，而乳脂率有下降的趋势，差异均不显著。激素分析结果表明，试验第15d，大豆黄酮显著提高乳中GH的含量(P＜0.05)；试验第30d，显著提高血浆中CH(P＜0.05)和PRL的含量(P＜0.01)。另外，血浆中、乳中E_2、T_3和T_4的含量均有升高的趋势。与对照组相比，血浆中第30d的E_2、T_3和T_4分别提高了5.15％、8.38％和7.14％；乳中E_2、T_3和T_4分别提高了4.52％、22.86％和20.77％。
提示大豆黄酮可能通过调节内源性激素水平而间接地提高奶牛泌乳量和乳蛋白。
Effects of daidzein on the lactation and the levels of some pertinent hormones of dairy cows were studied in the experiments.
In experiment I , four 6-year-old Chinese Holstein cows in their 7th month of the 3rd lactation were studied. Self-control method was used and the test
was divided into control and treatment periods. Daidzein was added in the concentrate by lOppm during the treatment period, while during the control period
daidzein was not added. The results showed that feeding daidzein can lessen the decline tendency of milk yield in later lactation phase and improve the
milk yield to some extent; the concentration of lactoprotein was significantly increased(P<0.01) while the milkfat percentage was not evidently affected
by daidzein administration. The T4 level of the serum and of the milk were all markedly raised (PO.05), and the levels of GH, PRL, E2 and TSH of the serum as well as of the milk had increasing tendencies while T3 showed a tendency of decline; compared with the control, the levels of ?, GH, PRL and TSH of the serum in the treatment were respectively increased by 36.46%, 33.75%, 13.13% and 6.65%, and those of the milk were respectively raised by 7.43%, 6.79%, 8.71% and 3.76%, while the T3 levels of the serum and of the milk were dropped by 25.67% and 7.79% respectively, but all the differences were not evident.
In experiment II, 14 Holstein dairy cows similar in parturition
37
numbers and lactation period were divided into treatment and control groups. The test lasted 30 days, during which the treatment concentrate was added with 10ppm daidzein while there was not daidzein addition in the control concentrate. The results showed that feeding daidzein can lessen the decline tendency of milk yield in later lactation phase and the milk yield was improved to some degree; the content of lactoprotein was increased while the milkfat percentage was dropped, but all the differences were not significant; the GH content of the milk on the 15d was evidently increased (P<0.05); the GH (P<0.05) and PRL (P<0.01) levels of the plasma on the 30d were markedly raised; in addition, all the levels of E2, T3 and T4 of the plasma as well as of the milk had increasing tendencies. On the 30d , compared with the control, the levels of e2, T3 and T4 of the plasma were increased by 5.15%,8.38% and 7.14% respectively and those of the milk were increased by 4.52%,22.86% and 20.77% separately.
The results indicated that daidzein can indirectly increase milk yield and lactoprotein content of the treated dairy cows.
引文
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82 苗树君，韩名堂．不同产奶水平奶牛泌乳盛期中后期血清T_4和T_3浓度变化的研究．黑龙江畜牧兽医，1992，6：1-3
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87 邱怀．牛生产学．北京：中国农业出版社，1995，15-19
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94 Murrill WB, Brown NW, Zhang J-X et al. Prepubertal genistein exposure suppresses mammary cancer and enhances gland differentiation in rats. Carcinogenesis, 1996, 17:1451
95 颜春洪，袁守军，陈晓光，韩锐．4’，5，7-三羟基异黄酮对Balb／c 3T3小鼠成纤维细胞恶性转化的抑制作用．实用肿瘤杂志，1999，14(2)：78-80
96 路新强，张福，胡燕，肖文彬．异黄酮衍生物对心肌缺血损伤的保护作用．军事科学院院刊，1997，21(4)：251-253
97 黄伟坤．食品检验与分析．北京：轻工业出版社，1989
98 陈秀英．乳品检验技术．北京：中国农业出版社，1997．3
99 王金良．国外肉畜增重剂作用机制研究进展(下)．国外畜牧学，1989，(5)：9-11
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