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可见光成像测井系统
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摘要
测井在石油工业重占有十分重要的地位,本课题就是结合辽河油田的实际工程项目,以实现一个目前国内先进的测井方案——可见光成像测井系统为目的,对提高油田测井的准确性、实时性、有效性进行了分析和研究,最终研制了一套切实可行的测井系统。
     在评述了当前国内外测井技术的状况,并充分考虑了测井环境的恶劣性和可见光成像测井技术的优越性的基础上,文中将整个测井系统分为硬件系统和软件平台两大部分。在系统的硬件设计中,针对油田测井的客观环境,进行了特殊处理:对整体测量电路采用特种装备进行耐高温保护;对井下的视频信号采用CCD摄像头进行采集;对井下温度信号利用铂电阻和V/F变换实现采集;对深度信号采用光电码盘及去抖电路进行精确测量。实践证明,该硬件方案与以往方案相比,具有抗干扰能力强、可靠性高、性价比高等优点,并可提供更丰富的井下信息。
     系统软件设计基于软件工程思想,对系统进行了功能的模块划分——视频图像采集/处理,温度、深度数据采集/处理,数据光盘刻录,工程数据处理及前置通信。软件具体采用Delphi编程实现,最后通过与硬件电路的联调和测试,完成了整个可见光成像测井系统。文中着重介绍了图像处理部分,使用直方图均衡化等方法对井下图像进行图像增强处理,使工程人员能够更有效的分析和确定井壁裂纹、磨损、弯曲等状况。
     整个系统全部自行设计开发,在软硬件上均采用先进的设计方法和测量手段,解决了辽河油田目前测井技术存在的不足。目前该系统已顺利通过了辽河油田的验收鉴定,为促进油田的生产发展起到了积极推动作用,同时创造了巨大的经济效益。
Well-logging plays an very important role in oil industry. Combining practical project of LiaoHe oil field, this paper presents a practical logging system, which has analyzed and discussed the accuracy, real-time, validity of well- logging in order to implement advanced logging plan -video imaging well-logging system.
    On the basis of describing the situation of current logging technology and considering the atrocious environment and the superiority of video imaging well-logging, the logging system consists of hardware and software sub-system in this paper. According to the objective condition of logging, the design of hardware has taken special treatments: high-temperature-proof protection with particular equipment for the whole circuit, video collection with CCD, temperature signal gathering by Pt resistance and V/F transform, depth measurement through photoelectric encoder and jitter elimination circuit. Practice proves that compared with previous schemes, this method has advantage of a higher property of anti-jamming, better reliability, higher cost/benefit ratio and richer under-well information.
    In accordance with different functions, the software which adopts software engineering divides into six parts: video imaging collection/processing module, temperature and depth data collection/processing module, disk burner module, engineering data processing module, image processing and communication module. It is programmed with Delphi, and then tested and implemented with hardware circuit, which realizing video imaging well-logging system. This paper puts emphasis on image processing which makes use of histogram equalization method for image enhancement, which making engineer effectively analyze and making certain flaw, abrasion, bend of wall of a well.
    The whole system is self-design with advanced design method and measure in software and hardware, which effectively overcome current technical defect of well-logging in LiaoHe oil field. This system appraisal of equipment is favorably passed, which greatly promoting production and development of oil field and creating enormous economic merit.
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