用户名: 密码: 验证码:
美国石油投资核算研究对我国的借鉴及启示
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
当前我国正从计划经济转化为社会主义市场经济,国有大中型企业的改革将进一步深化。股份制改造如国内上市、海外上市正在进一步开展以及跨国经营、国际合作的加强,对于能寻找出一套既能结合我国的实际情况,又能缩小与西方的差距,逐步与国际上接轨的石油投资核算方法具有积极的意义。
     投资行为是企业重大的经济活动。石油企业投资活动投入资金量大,建设周期长,同时存在较大的风险性。因此,科学地进行投资决策,加强投资支出的管理,准确对投资支出进行核算是十分重要的。
     本文从介绍美国油气工业基本会计核算原则出发,在研究美国矿区购置成本、折旧的单位产量法以及勘探、开发、生产不同阶段的核算方法的基础上,分析了现阶段我国石油投资核算现状,指出了其存在的油气成本反映不实、折旧方法不合理、国家对于矿区产权无法体现等问题。借鉴美国的投资核算方法,提出了引进单位产量法,改革我国的成本核算中心,取消勘探开发基金核销办法,实行矿区勘探权的有偿获得,推动矿区资产的正常流通等一系列改革设想。并进一步建议我国的税收政策应作配套的改革,勘探部署以指令性为主逐步过渡到以指导性为主,以推动我国石油企业的不断改革和发展。
Currently planned economy is switching to socialism market economy in China, the reform of the big state owned enterprises is deepening, and the business in overseas and in international cooperation are enhancing. So if we can find an investment accounting method which does not only consider the actual situation in China but also close to the international practice and narrows down the gap between our country and the west, it will be a great help for the reform of our oil & gas industry.
    Investment is very significant economic activity of enterprises. The investment of oil & gas enterprises usually needs a lot of fund, long cycle of construction and also exists risks. Therefore, it is very important to make scientific investment policy and strengthen the management of investment accurately.
    The paper analyzes general accounting principle of oil & gas industry in the United States and evaluates two kinds of accounting methods. Successful Efforts & Full costs. Research is made to the investment accounting method of the United State relating to various phases of oil and gas operation, including property acquisition, retention and surrender, exploration, development and production. The emphasis of the analysis and research for the paper is in the comparison of existing investment accounting method used in the oil industry in the United States and in China and on the improvement of the weaknesses for the practice in China, such as reasonless oil & gas cost, non acquisition right and
    
    
    
    so on. And the recommendations and comments are made on how to reform our current system, such as importing unit-volume method, reforming cost center, abolishing exploration fund accounting method, practicing property acquisition right, and other imagination to push circulation of property. And the paper also suggests further that tax policy of our country should reform relevantly, exploration order should be changed from mandatory to guidance, this can constantly promote development of oil & gas enterprises in our country.
引文
[1]王国梁译.石油天然气会计学基础.北京:石油工业出版,1997
    [2]吴杰,孙秀娟.美国石油天然气会计准则的发展历史及启示.会计研究,2000.12:58-61
    [3]林金高,龚光明.石油天然气财务会计的三大难题.会计研究,2000.12:26-30
    [4]龚光明,肖文建.美国石油天然气财务会计准则的制定及启示.财会通讯,2000.11:56-57
    [5]龚光明.石油天然气资产会计论.厦门大学博士论文,1999
    [6]李津,郝洪.西方油气会计方法对我国石油企业的影响.石油化工高等学校学报,2000.4:46-49
    [7]蒲志仲.矿产资源价值评价与核算问题研究.西安石油学院学报(社科版),2000.1:75-78
    [8]袁延松,张品先,王亚禧.国际石油产品分成合同‘联合帐簿’会计核算方法研究.国际石油经济,1997.6:56-59
    [9]陆寿椿.石油工业企业财务和会计.北京:石油工业出版社,1996
    [10]王爱东,高厚春.对我国油气成本核算方法改革的探讨.国际石油经济,1997.6:63-65
    [11]董秀成.加入WTO对我国石油工业的影响分析.能源基地建设,2000.4:25-26
    [12]王利娟.浅析石油成本核算方法.中国石油财会,1999.1:23-25
    [13]李长林,郑继芳.石油经济学.北京:中国财政经济出版社,1990
    [14]蒲志仲.再论油气储量资产化.石油企业管理.1999.3:23-25
    [15]陈效正.石油经济学.北京:石油大学出版社,1992
    [16]曹志民.油气成本核算与国际惯例接轨研究.中国石油财会,1999.3:5
    [17]李志学.建立我国石油天然气会计准则的思考.中国石油财会,1999.3:8
    [18]董秀成,李燕,马欣.我国天然气工业投融资现状分析和政策建议.
    
    石油大学学报(社科版).2000.5:58-61
    [19]孙仁会,赵祥春,邱兆银.对油气勘探经营管理的探讨.油气勘探经营管理论文集,1999.3:315-317
    [20]陈大恩,李海涛.经济可采储量评价方法研究.石油大学学报(社科版),1999.1:47-50
    [21]蒲志仲.吐哈油田投资管理理论与实践研究.西安石油学院学报(社科版),2000.4:69-73
    [22]孙东明.油气勘探投资效益评价方法.油气勘探经营管理论文集,1999.3:368-371
    [23]冯燕.企业财务管理目标:持续发展最大化.当代财经,2000.1:49-51
    [24]黄琨,肖安军.石油企业财务管理.武汉:武汉测绘科技大学出版社,2000.9
    [25]王震.石油工业的组织与管理.中国石油,2000.1:19-21
    [26]刘毅军.采油厂管理研究.北京:石油工业出版社,2000.3
    [27]沈振宇,王秀芹,刘青.自然资源会计.财经问题研究,2000.1:53-57
    [28]綦好东.中国会计制度的变迁:特征及解释.当代财经,2000.7:27-29
    [29]黄娟.中美会计准则比较及借鉴.四川会计,2001.2:37-39
    [30]胡奕明.我国企业财务管理现状及未来发展与变革.财务与会计,2000.11:7-8
    [31]郁建国.直面WTO的我国会计制度变迁.财务与会计,2000.4:14-15
    [32]王立彦.美国的会计研究与公司治理.财务与会计,1999.4:40-41
    [33]盖地.会计差异与会计准则国际化.财务与会计,2001.1:6-8
    [34]HarryI.Wolk,MichaelG.Tearney:AccountingTheory-A Conceptual and Institutional Approach,大连:东北财经大学出版社,1998
    [35]Rebeca A.Gallun,John W.Stevenson,"Fundamentals of Oil &Gas Accounting",Penn Well Books, 1983
    [36]Horace R.Brock,John P.Klingstedt,Donald M.Jones,"Petroleum
    
    Accounting" 3rd Edition. 1990
    [37] "Would Fiscal Systems For Oil", Van Meur & Associates Limited, 1994
    [38] Joel L. Reed, "Exploring for Information on Oil and gas Companies", Financial Analysts Journal, November-December 1978
    [39] Harold Bierman, Jr., Rolamd E. Dukes and Thomas R. Dyckman, "Financial Accounting in the Petroleum Industry", The Journal of Accountancy, October 1974
    [40] Robert J.Koester:Handbook on Oil and Gas Accounting, the Inditute for Energy Development,Inc., 1982
    [41] William R.Scott,Financial Accounting Theory, Prentice Hall,in., 1997
    [42] Horace R.Brock etc. Petroleum Accounting—Principles, Procedure & Issues,fourth edition, Price Waterhouse Coopers, 1997
    [43] Disclosures about Oil and Gas Producing Activities, An Amendment of FASB Statements 1982
    [44] http://www. law. uc. edu/CCL.regS-X./SX4-10.html:Rulse4-10Fiana ncial Accounting and Reporting for Oil and Gas prod.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700