多品种灭弧室柔性装配系统研究
摘要
本文对国内外关于柔性装配系统研究的历史和现状进行了概括，并将柔性装配系统(FAS)的概念和系统思想引入到自动装配系统研制中，在此基础上，深入研究了灭弧室柔性装配系统，使采用PLC控制的灭弧室自动装配系统更具特色——柔性化。在整个灭弧室自动装配线研制过程中，始终贯彻柔性装配的思想，系统考虑到不同型号灭弧室装配的兼容性，能在短时间内更改所需装配的灭弧室品种。
系统特点：
1、采用模块化的设计思想，在硬件上采用组合式结构的PLC作为系统控制器，便于系统调整；
2、采用单元化的设计思想进行机械工位设计，以便于系统调整和增加功能，同时也减小工位相互间的干扰；
3、采用模块化的编程思想实现对整个装配过程的控制，使系统更易于响应内部或外部环境的变化；
4、本系统选择使用伺服电机而非步进电机，首先，伺服电机能够准确定位多种灭弧栅的装配位置，为装配柔性化的实现提供可能；其次，便于通过修改伺服控制器内的控制程序，不断增强系统对不同型号灭弧室的适应性；
5、提供友好的人机对话界面，使操作人员能够及时了解系统工作状况和故障情况；
6、故障是影响柔性系统性能的潜在问题，本系统建立了简单的故障诊断子系统，以提高系统的装配效率、增加系统装配的可靠性。
Based on the sum-up of the research history and the latest development of flexible assembly system and the fact that the concept and idea has been introduced into the research of automatic assembly system ,the automatic assembly system for quenching pot is further investigated in this paper .so the automatic assembly system based on PLC behaves more flexible .the flexible idea has been penetrated every facet of the research of the automatic assembly system for quenching pot .While the system designed ,the compatibility of different types of quenching pot is considered .therefore the system can be transferred for the different type easily in a short time . Distinctive features:
Modularized idea has been used throughout the whole work. Modular construction PLC is used as the controller of system. Clearly, the system is adjusted easily.
During mechanism design the idea of unitization has been used, in order to adjust the system and lessen the interferes between different assembly units.
Modularized program-idea has realized the control of assembly process , in order that the system can apply to the inner and outer changes
The system has used servo mechanism, not step motor. The servo mechanism has two advantages .In the first place, servo mechanism can fix the position of arc chutes in order to realize assembly flexibility .Secondly ,it is easy for the system to alter the program in the controller of servo mechanism ,in order to increase adaptability of the system to different types of quenching pot.
the system has offered friendly interface of man-machine conversation .Thus the operator can know working conditions and defective information of the system timely .
As is known to all, accident is a problem which affects seriously the performance of FAS. In order to enhance assembling efficiency and increase assembling reliability, The system set up the single sub-system of fault diagnosis
系统特点：
1、采用模块化的设计思想，在硬件上采用组合式结构的PLC作为系统控制器，便于系统调整；
2、采用单元化的设计思想进行机械工位设计，以便于系统调整和增加功能，同时也减小工位相互间的干扰；
3、采用模块化的编程思想实现对整个装配过程的控制，使系统更易于响应内部或外部环境的变化；
4、本系统选择使用伺服电机而非步进电机，首先，伺服电机能够准确定位多种灭弧栅的装配位置，为装配柔性化的实现提供可能；其次，便于通过修改伺服控制器内的控制程序，不断增强系统对不同型号灭弧室的适应性；
5、提供友好的人机对话界面，使操作人员能够及时了解系统工作状况和故障情况；
6、故障是影响柔性系统性能的潜在问题，本系统建立了简单的故障诊断子系统，以提高系统的装配效率、增加系统装配的可靠性。
Based on the sum-up of the research history and the latest development of flexible assembly system and the fact that the concept and idea has been introduced into the research of automatic assembly system ,the automatic assembly system for quenching pot is further investigated in this paper .so the automatic assembly system based on PLC behaves more flexible .the flexible idea has been penetrated every facet of the research of the automatic assembly system for quenching pot .While the system designed ,the compatibility of different types of quenching pot is considered .therefore the system can be transferred for the different type easily in a short time . Distinctive features:
Modularized idea has been used throughout the whole work. Modular construction PLC is used as the controller of system. Clearly, the system is adjusted easily.
During mechanism design the idea of unitization has been used, in order to adjust the system and lessen the interferes between different assembly units.
Modularized program-idea has realized the control of assembly process , in order that the system can apply to the inner and outer changes
The system has used servo mechanism, not step motor. The servo mechanism has two advantages .In the first place, servo mechanism can fix the position of arc chutes in order to realize assembly flexibility .Secondly ,it is easy for the system to alter the program in the controller of servo mechanism ,in order to increase adaptability of the system to different types of quenching pot.
the system has offered friendly interface of man-machine conversation .Thus the operator can know working conditions and defective information of the system timely .
As is known to all, accident is a problem which affects seriously the performance of FAS. In order to enhance assembling efficiency and increase assembling reliability, The system set up the single sub-system of fault diagnosis
引文
[1] 富成襄，背户一登著，宋辉译，伺服机构设计，北京：国防工业出版社，1986
[2] 戎志刚，郝病坤，徐明，红外线触摸屏原理与编程，合肥：中国科学技术出版社，1995
[3] 何图金，机械电气自动控制，重庆：重庆大学出版社，2002
[4] 邓则名，邝穗芳，电气和可编程控制器应用技术，北京：机械工业出版社 ，1998
[5] Actuator Controller LC1 Series Users Manual Verl.1 (For Japanese Model ) , SMC CORPORATION
[6] LC1 Series Controller Setting Software Operation Mannual LC1-1-W2 , SMC CORPORATON
[7] 徐杜，蒋永平，张宪民，柔性制造系统原理与实践，北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[8] 吴启迪，柔性制造自动化的原理与实践，北京：清华大学出版社，1997
[9] 编委会编，柔性制造系统，北京：兵器工业出版社，1995
[10] 俞国燕，柔性装配系统的人机一体优化设计方法研究(博士论文)，华南理工大学，2001
[11] 颜文俊，基于PLC的车锁柔性装配系统(硕士论文)，浙江大学，2002
[12] 邱静，胡政，温熙森，FAS状态控制与故障诊断述评，中国机械工程
[13] 史天运，FAS状态监控与故障诊断总体方案探讨，机械工业自动化，1997．19(4)
[14] 何健廉，陈加栋，马海波，柔性装配系统的设计与实现，清华大学出版社，2000
[15] 魏东源，朱文坚，柔性装配系统的总体评价，机械
[16] (英)A．E．欧文，柔性装配系统，机械工业出版社，1991
[17] 王宁生，柔性制造系统综述，工业控制计算机，1990
[18] 李指俊，柔性制造技术及其发展趋势，机电一体化，1996
[19] 蒋庆全，柔性制造系统的现状及发展趋势，机械制造，1998(4)
[20] 郝琪，彭炎午，FMS的发展及我国成功建造FMA的道路，机械工业自动化，1997 (3)
[21] 重庆大学制造系统工程研究所，柔性制造技术研究论文集
[22] 吴锡英，现代制造技术中的几个问题，机械制造与自动化，1993(5)
[23] 路甬祥，陈鹰，人机一体化系统与技术——21世纪机械科学的重要发展方向，机械工业学报，1997(5)
[24] 顾站松，陈铁年，可编程控制器原理与应用，北京：国防工业出版社，1996
[25] 刘飞，制造自动化的广义内涵、研究现状和发展趋势，中国机械工程，1999(35)
[26] 陈信，论人-机-环境系统工程，人民解放军出版社，1988
[27] 龙升照，人-机-环境系统工程研究进展，北京：科学技术出版社，1995
[28] 张根保，自动化制造系统，北京：机械工业出版社，1997
[29] 吴本奎，机电一体化及其发展策略，北京：机械工业出版社，1996
[30] 蒋永平，柔性制造教学实验系统，中国制造工程，1994(5)
[31] 李爱平，制造系统与设备的控制，上海：同济大学出版社，1998
[32] Wu Lanmuqi and Deng Jiati, Constraint-based product design theory and spplication system within concurrent engineering environment ,Computer Aided Engineering,china, 1997,4
[33] A.CThomton, The use of constrained-based design knowledge to improve the search for feasible designs, Engng Applic of artif intell, 1997, 10
[2] 戎志刚，郝病坤，徐明，红外线触摸屏原理与编程，合肥：中国科学技术出版社，1995
[3] 何图金，机械电气自动控制，重庆：重庆大学出版社，2002
[4] 邓则名，邝穗芳，电气和可编程控制器应用技术，北京：机械工业出版社 ，1998
[5] Actuator Controller LC1 Series Users Manual Verl.1 (For Japanese Model ) , SMC CORPORATION
[6] LC1 Series Controller Setting Software Operation Mannual LC1-1-W2 , SMC CORPORATON
[7] 徐杜，蒋永平，张宪民，柔性制造系统原理与实践，北京：机械工业出版社，2001
[8] 吴启迪，柔性制造自动化的原理与实践，北京：清华大学出版社，1997
[9] 编委会编，柔性制造系统，北京：兵器工业出版社，1995
[10] 俞国燕，柔性装配系统的人机一体优化设计方法研究(博士论文)，华南理工大学，2001
[11] 颜文俊，基于PLC的车锁柔性装配系统(硕士论文)，浙江大学，2002
[12] 邱静，胡政，温熙森，FAS状态控制与故障诊断述评，中国机械工程
[13] 史天运，FAS状态监控与故障诊断总体方案探讨，机械工业自动化，1997．19(4)
[14] 何健廉，陈加栋，马海波，柔性装配系统的设计与实现，清华大学出版社，2000
[15] 魏东源，朱文坚，柔性装配系统的总体评价，机械
[16] (英)A．E．欧文，柔性装配系统，机械工业出版社，1991
[17] 王宁生，柔性制造系统综述，工业控制计算机，1990
[18] 李指俊，柔性制造技术及其发展趋势，机电一体化，1996
[19] 蒋庆全，柔性制造系统的现状及发展趋势，机械制造，1998(4)
[20] 郝琪，彭炎午，FMS的发展及我国成功建造FMA的道路，机械工业自动化，1997 (3)
[21] 重庆大学制造系统工程研究所，柔性制造技术研究论文集
[22] 吴锡英，现代制造技术中的几个问题，机械制造与自动化，1993(5)
[23] 路甬祥，陈鹰，人机一体化系统与技术——21世纪机械科学的重要发展方向，机械工业学报，1997(5)
[24] 顾站松，陈铁年，可编程控制器原理与应用，北京：国防工业出版社，1996
[25] 刘飞，制造自动化的广义内涵、研究现状和发展趋势，中国机械工程，1999(35)
[26] 陈信，论人-机-环境系统工程，人民解放军出版社，1988
[27] 龙升照，人-机-环境系统工程研究进展，北京：科学技术出版社，1995
[28] 张根保，自动化制造系统，北京：机械工业出版社，1997
[29] 吴本奎，机电一体化及其发展策略，北京：机械工业出版社，1996
[30] 蒋永平，柔性制造教学实验系统，中国制造工程，1994(5)
[31] 李爱平，制造系统与设备的控制，上海：同济大学出版社，1998
[32] Wu Lanmuqi and Deng Jiati, Constraint-based product design theory and spplication system within concurrent engineering environment ,Computer Aided Engineering,china, 1997,4
[33] A.CThomton, The use of constrained-based design knowledge to improve the search for feasible designs, Engng Applic of artif intell, 1997, 10