鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长6段超低渗透储层特征
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摘要
论文选取鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区长6段超低渗透砂岩储层作为研究对象，通过岩心精细观察，结合区域沉积背景和测井相分析，确定了该区长6段为三角洲前缘沉积和水下扇沉积。
储层砂岩为三角洲前缘末梢和水下重力流沉积，粒度细、泥质和塑性岩屑含量高、水介质偏咸化，这种不利的沉积环境是储集层易于致密化的先天因素。储层岩石学特征表明，砂岩成分成熟度和结构成熟度低，塑性云母平均含量占岩石总量的15%；砂岩粒度以极细粒砂和粉砂为主，粉砂级以下颗粒平均含量占8%。
储层砂岩成岩作用是超低渗透储层形成的关键。华庆地区长6超低渗透砂岩处于中成岩阶段A亚期，主要经历了压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用。其中，压实作用和胶结作用是破坏性成岩作用，二者联合导致了约70%的原始孔隙度损失；溶蚀作用和破裂作用增加了约3.7%的孔隙度，在一定程度上改善了储层的渗流能力。
综合控制物性的主要填隙物类型、产状和成岩作用等要素划分出4种成岩相：绿泥石环边胶结成岩相、粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相、压实致密成岩相和碳酸盐胶结致密成岩相。其中，绿泥石环边胶结成岩相和粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相砂岩为研究区的相对优质储层，而压实致密成岩相和碳酸盐胶结致密成岩相砂岩为非储层。
应用有限的岩心成岩相标定测井资料，在不同成岩相测井响应特征分析的基础上，分析不同成岩相的测井敏感参数，建立测井识别成岩相图版。测井成岩相识别图版的建立，对于探索把成岩相理论研究推广到油气工业化应用迈出了重要的一步。平面成岩相研究表明，作为研究区相对优质储层的绿泥石环边胶结成岩相和粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相单层厚度小，一般小于2m，呈透镜状分布，主要分布于三角洲前缘水下分流河道和水下扇槽道与分支水道微相中。绿泥石环边胶结成岩相和粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相厚度高值区的叠合部位为优质储层的发育区。
The paper chooses Chang6 Member, Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin which isthe Ultra-low Permeability Sandstone Reservoir. By observing fine drilling cores, integratedwith regional sedimentary background and log facies, Chang6 Member of the study regionbelongs to delta front and underwater fan.
Reservoir sandstones are delta front end and subaqueous gravity flow deposit, whosecharacteristics are fine granularity, high clay content, high plastic debris, salinization of water.The bad depositional environment is the innate factor of dense reservoir. Reservoir petrologicalcharacteristics show low composition maturity and textural maturity. The average content ofplastic mica is 15% among the total rocks content. Grain sizes are mainly very fine sandstoneand siltite, which the average content of lower siltite is 8%.
Diagenesis is the key to super- low permeability reservoir. The super-low permeabilitysandstone has entered to the stage A in Chang6 Member in Huaqing Area. Reservoirexperienced various diagenesis including compaction, cementation, replacement and dissolution.Compaction and cementation are harmful to the diagenesis, which leads to lose 70% primaryporosity. Dissolution and disruption increased 3.7% porosity, which improved to some extentflow capability.
Integrated with main interstitital types, attitude and diagenesis, four diagenetic facies aredivided, which are chlorite rim diagenetic faces, clay minerals cementing filling diageneticfaces, compact compaction diagenetic faces and carbonate compact cementation diagenic faces.Among them, relative high quality reservoir are sandstones of chlorite rim and clay mineralscementing filling diagenetic faces, but sandstones of compact compaction and carbonatecompact cementation diagenic faces are not reservoirs in research area.
Applying limited core diagenetic facies to demarcate logging and based on analyzing logresponse characteristics of different diagenetic faces, log sensitive parameters of differentdiagenetic facies are discerned and plates of log diagenetic faces identification are built. This isan important innovation. Building plates of log diagenetic facies identification is important toapply diagenetic facies theory to petroleum industrialization. Surface diagenetic faces indicatethat monolayer thickness filled with chlorite rim and clay minerals cementing filling diageneticfaces is smaller, generally less than 2m, with lens-shaped distribution in these microfacies, suchas distributary channel of delta front, conduit of underwater fan and branch channel. Foldingparts of high thickness area of chlorite rim and clay minerals cementing filling diagenetic facesare high quality reservoir area.
储层砂岩为三角洲前缘末梢和水下重力流沉积，粒度细、泥质和塑性岩屑含量高、水介质偏咸化，这种不利的沉积环境是储集层易于致密化的先天因素。储层岩石学特征表明，砂岩成分成熟度和结构成熟度低，塑性云母平均含量占岩石总量的15%；砂岩粒度以极细粒砂和粉砂为主，粉砂级以下颗粒平均含量占8%。
储层砂岩成岩作用是超低渗透储层形成的关键。华庆地区长6超低渗透砂岩处于中成岩阶段A亚期，主要经历了压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用。其中，压实作用和胶结作用是破坏性成岩作用，二者联合导致了约70%的原始孔隙度损失；溶蚀作用和破裂作用增加了约3.7%的孔隙度，在一定程度上改善了储层的渗流能力。
综合控制物性的主要填隙物类型、产状和成岩作用等要素划分出4种成岩相：绿泥石环边胶结成岩相、粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相、压实致密成岩相和碳酸盐胶结致密成岩相。其中，绿泥石环边胶结成岩相和粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相砂岩为研究区的相对优质储层，而压实致密成岩相和碳酸盐胶结致密成岩相砂岩为非储层。
应用有限的岩心成岩相标定测井资料，在不同成岩相测井响应特征分析的基础上，分析不同成岩相的测井敏感参数，建立测井识别成岩相图版。测井成岩相识别图版的建立，对于探索把成岩相理论研究推广到油气工业化应用迈出了重要的一步。平面成岩相研究表明，作为研究区相对优质储层的绿泥石环边胶结成岩相和粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相单层厚度小，一般小于2m，呈透镜状分布，主要分布于三角洲前缘水下分流河道和水下扇槽道与分支水道微相中。绿泥石环边胶结成岩相和粘土矿物胶结充填成岩相厚度高值区的叠合部位为优质储层的发育区。
The paper chooses Chang6 Member, Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin which isthe Ultra-low Permeability Sandstone Reservoir. By observing fine drilling cores, integratedwith regional sedimentary background and log facies, Chang6 Member of the study regionbelongs to delta front and underwater fan.
Reservoir sandstones are delta front end and subaqueous gravity flow deposit, whosecharacteristics are fine granularity, high clay content, high plastic debris, salinization of water.The bad depositional environment is the innate factor of dense reservoir. Reservoir petrologicalcharacteristics show low composition maturity and textural maturity. The average content ofplastic mica is 15% among the total rocks content. Grain sizes are mainly very fine sandstoneand siltite, which the average content of lower siltite is 8%.
Diagenesis is the key to super- low permeability reservoir. The super-low permeabilitysandstone has entered to the stage A in Chang6 Member in Huaqing Area. Reservoirexperienced various diagenesis including compaction, cementation, replacement and dissolution.Compaction and cementation are harmful to the diagenesis, which leads to lose 70% primaryporosity. Dissolution and disruption increased 3.7% porosity, which improved to some extentflow capability.
Integrated with main interstitital types, attitude and diagenesis, four diagenetic facies aredivided, which are chlorite rim diagenetic faces, clay minerals cementing filling diageneticfaces, compact compaction diagenetic faces and carbonate compact cementation diagenic faces.Among them, relative high quality reservoir are sandstones of chlorite rim and clay mineralscementing filling diagenetic faces, but sandstones of compact compaction and carbonatecompact cementation diagenic faces are not reservoirs in research area.
Applying limited core diagenetic facies to demarcate logging and based on analyzing logresponse characteristics of different diagenetic faces, log sensitive parameters of differentdiagenetic facies are discerned and plates of log diagenetic faces identification are built. This isan important innovation. Building plates of log diagenetic facies identification is important toapply diagenetic facies theory to petroleum industrialization. Surface diagenetic faces indicatethat monolayer thickness filled with chlorite rim and clay minerals cementing filling diageneticfaces is smaller, generally less than 2m, with lens-shaped distribution in these microfacies, suchas distributary channel of delta front, conduit of underwater fan and branch channel. Foldingparts of high thickness area of chlorite rim and clay minerals cementing filling diagenetic facesare high quality reservoir area.
引文
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