间歇液相本体法聚丙烯生产技术研究
摘要
聚丙烯树脂是由丙烯聚合而成的一种热塑性塑料。随着新一代高活性高立构定向催化剂的相继开发,促进了聚丙烯生产工艺和产品性能的不断改进。聚丙烯性能优异,用途广范,是近30年来,生产发展速度最快的通用塑料品种之一。
间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯工艺是我国自行研究开发的,是在我国炼厂气丙烯资源十分丰富,但炼油厂分布比较分散的基础上发展起来的。具有工艺流程简单,设备少,建设周期短,投资少,见效快,能耗和生产成本低,经济效益好,“三废”少等特点。
进入二十世纪90年代,随着丙烯资源的紧张,聚丙烯的生产成本逐渐提高,间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯生产存在的问题也日益突出。主要是丙烯单耗高,产品质量等级低,产品的后加工品种单一,市场竞争力弱。本文对间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯生产工艺存在的问题及对聚丙烯产品的影响因素进行了分析,提出了一系列技术改进措施并应用装置生产中,促进了间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯的发展。
间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯生产技术是改进本文研究的重点,围绕降低丙烯单耗和提高产品质量为中心,涉及生产全过程,对生产工艺进行优化。特别论述了丙烯精制系统的改进,通过改进精制系统,增强了丙烯精制能力,减少了丙烯中杂质对聚合反应的影响。采用高效催化剂生产聚丙烯,从根本上实现产品的升级换代,提高产品在市场上的竞争力,降低生产成本,也是本文论述的关键。
聚丙烯的改性和未来先进技术的使用,是间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯发展的根本,只有不断降低生产成本,提高产品质量,才能不断发展。
聚丙烯的安全生产和环境保护,同人类的生存息息相关。本文对聚丙烯发展过程中的安全与环保进行了阐述,主要论述了静电的危害和消除静电的措施。
As thermoplastics polypropylene resin is made from propylene.Polypropylene's processing technique and its properties have beenimproving continuously because of various kinds of new catalystsemployed. In the recent 30 years, polypropylene has been one of the mostimportant general plastics used in many industrial fields.
Intermittent liquid-phase bulk polymerization technique was studiedby researchers in China and further developed on the basis of abundantpropylene gas resources in refining complex and refining plants locatedfar away from each other. This process technology has the advantages ofless equipment used, less investments, low costs, low energy consumptionand less “Three Wastes”, etc. However, more and more problems havebeen found in using intermittent liquid bulk polymerization to producepolypropylene due to the shortage of propylene resources since 1990's.Among these, higher energy consumption per unit polypropylene, poorgrade qualities and weaker competition abilities in market were the topthree.
In this paper, problems found in using intermittent liquid bulkpolymerization to produce propylene were discussed, and the factors,which influenced the quality of polypropylene, were analyzed. A series ofmethods to solve the problems existed in the production of polypropylenewith intermittent liquid bulk polymerization were proposed.
Since using intermittent liquid-phase bulk polymerization method isvery important in the production of polypropylene, to decrease the wasteof propylene per unit polypropylene and improve the quality of theproducts become the center of the paper. This involved optimizingprocess technology in producing process. Especially, we discussed how toimprove the propylene refining system with which the output of refiningpropylene was enhanced, and to decrease the harmful impacts to thepolymerization process caused by the impurities in raw propylenematerials. Since the catalysts with high-activities used can enhance thecompetition abilities of the products in the market, fundamentally
upgrade the quality of the products and decrease the cost in productionprocess, special attentions were also paid to these aspects.Polypropylene modification and advanced technology employmentin future is the key of the development of intermittent liquid-phase bulkpolymerization. Progress can only be made on the basis of enhancedproduct quality and lowered costs.Human beings living quality is closely related to the safetysynthesis of polypropylene and environmental protections. In this paper,problems concerning the safety and environment protection techniques inthe process of polypropylene synthesis were discussed;dangers of staticelectricity and how to remove it were mentioned.
间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯工艺是我国自行研究开发的,是在我国炼厂气丙烯资源十分丰富,但炼油厂分布比较分散的基础上发展起来的。具有工艺流程简单,设备少,建设周期短,投资少,见效快,能耗和生产成本低,经济效益好,“三废”少等特点。
进入二十世纪90年代,随着丙烯资源的紧张,聚丙烯的生产成本逐渐提高,间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯生产存在的问题也日益突出。主要是丙烯单耗高,产品质量等级低,产品的后加工品种单一,市场竞争力弱。本文对间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯生产工艺存在的问题及对聚丙烯产品的影响因素进行了分析,提出了一系列技术改进措施并应用装置生产中,促进了间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯的发展。
间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯生产技术是改进本文研究的重点,围绕降低丙烯单耗和提高产品质量为中心,涉及生产全过程,对生产工艺进行优化。特别论述了丙烯精制系统的改进,通过改进精制系统,增强了丙烯精制能力,减少了丙烯中杂质对聚合反应的影响。采用高效催化剂生产聚丙烯,从根本上实现产品的升级换代,提高产品在市场上的竞争力,降低生产成本,也是本文论述的关键。
聚丙烯的改性和未来先进技术的使用,是间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯发展的根本,只有不断降低生产成本,提高产品质量,才能不断发展。
聚丙烯的安全生产和环境保护,同人类的生存息息相关。本文对聚丙烯发展过程中的安全与环保进行了阐述,主要论述了静电的危害和消除静电的措施。
As thermoplastics polypropylene resin is made from propylene.Polypropylene's processing technique and its properties have beenimproving continuously because of various kinds of new catalystsemployed. In the recent 30 years, polypropylene has been one of the mostimportant general plastics used in many industrial fields.
Intermittent liquid-phase bulk polymerization technique was studiedby researchers in China and further developed on the basis of abundantpropylene gas resources in refining complex and refining plants locatedfar away from each other. This process technology has the advantages ofless equipment used, less investments, low costs, low energy consumptionand less “Three Wastes”, etc. However, more and more problems havebeen found in using intermittent liquid bulk polymerization to producepolypropylene due to the shortage of propylene resources since 1990's.Among these, higher energy consumption per unit polypropylene, poorgrade qualities and weaker competition abilities in market were the topthree.
In this paper, problems found in using intermittent liquid bulkpolymerization to produce propylene were discussed, and the factors,which influenced the quality of polypropylene, were analyzed. A series ofmethods to solve the problems existed in the production of polypropylenewith intermittent liquid bulk polymerization were proposed.
Since using intermittent liquid-phase bulk polymerization method isvery important in the production of polypropylene, to decrease the wasteof propylene per unit polypropylene and improve the quality of theproducts become the center of the paper. This involved optimizingprocess technology in producing process. Especially, we discussed how toimprove the propylene refining system with which the output of refiningpropylene was enhanced, and to decrease the harmful impacts to thepolymerization process caused by the impurities in raw propylenematerials. Since the catalysts with high-activities used can enhance thecompetition abilities of the products in the market, fundamentally
upgrade the quality of the products and decrease the cost in productionprocess, special attentions were also paid to these aspects.Polypropylene modification and advanced technology employmentin future is the key of the development of intermittent liquid-phase bulkpolymerization. Progress can only be made on the basis of enhancedproduct quality and lowered costs.Human beings living quality is closely related to the safetysynthesis of polypropylene and environmental protections. In this paper,problems concerning the safety and environment protection techniques inthe process of polypropylene synthesis were discussed;dangers of staticelectricity and how to remove it were mentioned.
引文
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[36] 孙世强.CS-系列丙烯聚合高效催化剂.中科院化学研究所,1999
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[38] 柳懿才.聚丙烯生产中的毒物影响及其分析.北京:化工研究院,1997
[39] 王景贵.乏汽溴化锂制冷技术在聚丙烯装置上的应用.锦西炼油化工,1998,3(2):4～6
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[42] Robertson R E.J Appl Polym Sci,1973,(17):2 579
[43] Mantia F P,Valenza A,Aclemo D.Polym Eng Sci,1988,(28):90
[44] Utracki A.Polym Eng Sci,1982(22):1 166
[45] Zhang Yufen.China Synthetic Rubber Industry,1992,(2):105
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[48] 励杭泉,汪晓东.中国塑料,1993(2):8
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[53] 杨军,王可信,王进. 塑料,1997(1):29
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[2] 中国石化总公司年鉴[M].北京: 中国石化出版社,1994/1995
[3] 当代中国的石油化学工业[M]. 北京:中国社会科学出版社,1987
[4] 中国化学工业年鉴[M].北京:化工信息中心, 1995/1996
[5] 师昌绪.材料大辞典[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1994
[6] 苏家齐.塑料工业辞典[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1989
[7] 吴国贞.塑料在化学工业中的应用[M].化学工业出版社,1985
[8] 中国化工产品大全[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1995
[9] 中国塑料工业企业大全[M].北京:轻工出版社,1992
[10] 龚浏澄,塑料成型加工实用手册[M].北京:科技出版社,1990
[11] 合成材料助剂手册(第二版)[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1995
[12] 区英鸿.塑料手册[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,1985
[13] 洛谢夫?彼得罗夫著,王葆仁译.合成树脂化学[M].科学出版社
[14] B.B.科尔沙克著,中科院化学所译.高分子化合物化学[M],1995
[15] 戈峰.国外聚烯烃生产技术进展[M].上海:科技文献出版社,1982
[16] 北京石油化工总厂.聚丙烯[M].化学工业出版社,1980
[17] 李 玉 贵 .液 相 本 体 法 聚丙烯生 产及应用[M].中国石 化出 版社 ,1992
[18] 尾崎萃.催化剂手册[中译本] [M].北京:化学工业出版社,1982
[19] 石安富,龚云表.工程塑料[M].上海:科学技术出版社,1986
[20] Modern Plastics International,January,1997
[21] Plastic&Polymers(英),1996
[22] Plastics World(美), 1996
[23] Polymer News(英), 1996
[24] 合成树脂工业(日), 1996
[25] 2001 年度全国间歇式液相本体法聚丙烯行业竞赛总结.全国聚烯烃树脂行业组织秘书处,2002
[26] 王强.我国聚乙烯和聚丙烯树脂品种牌号分析.合成树脂及塑料,2000,17(5):5～10
[27] 徐涛.聚丙烯结晶度的试验测定.合成树脂及塑料,2000,17(6):28～30
[28] 张爱华.国内聚丙烯市场分析.合成树脂及塑料,2000,17(1):54～57
[29] 张 晓 宏 .聚 丙 烯 树 脂 稳 定 性 的 研 究 .合 成 树 脂 及 塑 料 , 2000,17(4):7～12
[30] Qiao Jinliang,Wei Genhuan,Zhang Juhong,et al.Radiat Phys Chem,1996,48(6):771
[31] Qiao Jinliang,Wei Genhuan,Hong Xuan,et al.Radiat Phys Chem,1998,52(1-6):2371
[32] 张林.聚丙烯等规指数调节研究.合成树脂及塑料,2000,17(4):13～16
[33] 姚建勋.丙烯聚合反应的主要影响因素及改进措施.北京化工研究院,2001,18(3):16～18
[34] 李杨.低等规聚丙烯的研制.北京化工研究院,2000,17(3):5
[35] 刘德祥.络合Ⅱ型催化剂与间歇液相本体法聚丙烯技术报告.北京化工研究院,1997
[36] 孙世强.CS-系列丙烯聚合高效催化剂.中科院化学研究所,1999
[37] 天益.聚烯烃催化剂的开发应用[M].北京:化工研究院,2001
[38] 柳懿才.聚丙烯生产中的毒物影响及其分析.北京:化工研究院,1997
[39] 王景贵.乏汽溴化锂制冷技术在聚丙烯装置上的应用.锦西炼油化工,1998,3(2):4～6
[40] 张玉清.聚丙烯合金的新发展.北京:化工研究院,2000,17(3):49～52
[41] 张玉清,范志强.化工新型材料,1997(11):8
[42] Robertson R E.J Appl Polym Sci,1973,(17):2 579
[43] Mantia F P,Valenza A,Aclemo D.Polym Eng Sci,1988,(28):90
[44] Utracki A.Polym Eng Sci,1982(22):1 166
[45] Zhang Yufen.China Synthetic Rubber Industry,1992,(2):105
[46] [48] Zhang Weiguang.ACTA Polymerica,1992,(1):61
[47] 崔香福,陈文淑.塑料技术,1988,(1):1
[48] 励杭泉,汪晓东.中国塑料,1993(2):8
[49] 励杭泉,汪晓东,金日光.高分子材料科学与工程,1994,(10):112
[50] 陈建定,林永谓,吴叙勤.高分子材料,1990(12):13
[51] 汪晓东,励杭泉,金日光.,高分子材料科学与工程,1996(3):54
[52] 吴培熙,张留城.聚合物共混改性.北京:中国轻工业出版社,1966:197
[53] 杨军,王可信,王进. 塑料,1997(1):29
[54] 朱静安,包全中,项素云. 塑料,1990,(4):3
[55] Varga J.Mat Sci J,1992:2 557
[56] Pukanszky B,Tudos F,Kallo A,et al.Polymer, 1989,(30):1399-1407
[57] Galli P,Danesi S,Simonazzi T.Polym Eng Sci,1984,24(9):544
[58] Silverstro L.Polym Eng Sci,1982,(22):536
[59] Ficker H K,Walker OA.Plast Rub Proc Appl,1990,(14):103
[60] Prentice P,Williams J W.Plast Rub Proc Appl,1982,(2):27
[61] Danesi S,Garagnam E .Proc Int Rub Conf,Wiesboden,1983
[62] Cavallo P.Polymer,1972,(18):42
[63] Collina G,WO 96/02583;96/11218
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