重金属离子敏感的高分子水凝胶的制备与性能研究
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摘要
本文在丙烯酸单体的基础上先后引入乙醇胺和丙烯酰胺,以过硫酸铵和亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用水溶液聚合法制备了两种对重金属离子较为敏感的高分子水凝胶,分别为改性聚丙烯酸和聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺水凝胶。
采用分光光度计法研究了改性聚丙烯酸对铜离子的吸附动力学曲线,吸附等温线,考查了pH值,温度对改性聚丙烯酸吸附性能的影响,得出其在最佳条件下对铜离子的吸附量,并对改性聚丙烯酸在去离子水和其它不同极性溶剂以及不同浓度的酸碱水溶液中的溶胀率做了测定。
实验可知,当重金属离子溶液的浓度有微小变化时,聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺水凝胶的溶胀率会发突变,而其在轻金属离子溶液中的溶胀率变化不明显。采用正交实验,通过对各样品在不同金属离子溶液中溶胀曲线斜率的测定,得到最佳配方。实验结果显示,丙烯酰胺用量为60%、中和度为80%、引发剂用量为0.40%、交联剂用量为0.075%(百分比以丙烯酸的用量为基准)时,聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺水凝胶的重金属敏感性高。采用EDTA滴定及分光光度法研究了聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺对铜、铅、锌和钠的吸附量和吸附动力学,考查了介质酸度对吸附性能的影响和重复使用性,并对聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺水凝胶在在去离子水和其它不同极性溶剂以及不同浓度的酸碱水溶液中的溶胀率做了测定。
In this article, ethanolamine and acrylamide have been introduced on the basis of acrylic monomers, and two polymer hydrogel have been synthesized which used solution polymerization, ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as redox initiator, N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinking agent. They are more sensitive to heavy metal ions namely modifiable polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid - acrylamide hydrogel.
The adsorption dynamics curves and the adsorption equal temperature curves of modifiable polyacrylic acid to copper ions have been studied, at the same time, the effects of the pH value, the temperature to modifiable polyacrylic acid have been reviewed by spectrophotometer, the adsorption capacity under the best condition was also been drawn. In addition, the swelling ratio of modifiable polyacrylic acid in deionized water, different polar solvents and different concentrations of acid-base solution have been determined.
We can see from experiment when the concentration of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution have minimal changes, the swelling rate of polyacrylic acid - acrylamide hydrogel have mutation, and in the light of metal ions in aqueous solution,swelling rate did not have significant mutation. The best formula have been found by orthogonal experiment thought testing swelling curve slope of every sample in different metal ions in aqueous solution. Experimental results showed that the polypropylene acid - acrylamide hydrogel have high sensitivity of the heavy metals when the amount of acrylamide 60%, and the neutralization degree of 80%, initiator of 0.40%, the amount of crosslinking agent 0.075% (percentage of the amount of acrylic base). The adsorption and adsorption kinetics of to copper, lead, zinc and sodium have been studied by EDTA titration and spectrophotometry. The impact of medium acidity on the adsorption properties and the reusability of polyacrylic acid– acrylamide have also been examined. In another that, the swelling ratio of polyacrylic acid - acrylamide in deionized water, different polar solvents and different concentrations of acid-base solution have been determined.
采用分光光度计法研究了改性聚丙烯酸对铜离子的吸附动力学曲线,吸附等温线,考查了pH值,温度对改性聚丙烯酸吸附性能的影响,得出其在最佳条件下对铜离子的吸附量,并对改性聚丙烯酸在去离子水和其它不同极性溶剂以及不同浓度的酸碱水溶液中的溶胀率做了测定。
实验可知,当重金属离子溶液的浓度有微小变化时,聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺水凝胶的溶胀率会发突变,而其在轻金属离子溶液中的溶胀率变化不明显。采用正交实验,通过对各样品在不同金属离子溶液中溶胀曲线斜率的测定,得到最佳配方。实验结果显示,丙烯酰胺用量为60%、中和度为80%、引发剂用量为0.40%、交联剂用量为0.075%(百分比以丙烯酸的用量为基准)时,聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺水凝胶的重金属敏感性高。采用EDTA滴定及分光光度法研究了聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺对铜、铅、锌和钠的吸附量和吸附动力学,考查了介质酸度对吸附性能的影响和重复使用性,并对聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺水凝胶在在去离子水和其它不同极性溶剂以及不同浓度的酸碱水溶液中的溶胀率做了测定。
In this article, ethanolamine and acrylamide have been introduced on the basis of acrylic monomers, and two polymer hydrogel have been synthesized which used solution polymerization, ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite as redox initiator, N,N’-methylene bisacrylamide as crosslinking agent. They are more sensitive to heavy metal ions namely modifiable polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid - acrylamide hydrogel.
The adsorption dynamics curves and the adsorption equal temperature curves of modifiable polyacrylic acid to copper ions have been studied, at the same time, the effects of the pH value, the temperature to modifiable polyacrylic acid have been reviewed by spectrophotometer, the adsorption capacity under the best condition was also been drawn. In addition, the swelling ratio of modifiable polyacrylic acid in deionized water, different polar solvents and different concentrations of acid-base solution have been determined.
We can see from experiment when the concentration of heavy metal ions in aqueous solution have minimal changes, the swelling rate of polyacrylic acid - acrylamide hydrogel have mutation, and in the light of metal ions in aqueous solution,swelling rate did not have significant mutation. The best formula have been found by orthogonal experiment thought testing swelling curve slope of every sample in different metal ions in aqueous solution. Experimental results showed that the polypropylene acid - acrylamide hydrogel have high sensitivity of the heavy metals when the amount of acrylamide 60%, and the neutralization degree of 80%, initiator of 0.40%, the amount of crosslinking agent 0.075% (percentage of the amount of acrylic base). The adsorption and adsorption kinetics of to copper, lead, zinc and sodium have been studied by EDTA titration and spectrophotometry. The impact of medium acidity on the adsorption properties and the reusability of polyacrylic acid– acrylamide have also been examined. In another that, the swelling ratio of polyacrylic acid - acrylamide in deionized water, different polar solvents and different concentrations of acid-base solution have been determined.
引文
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[17] 邹新喜.超强吸水剂.化学工业出版社(修订版),2000.
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[23] Kiatkamjornwong S,Chomsaksakul W,Sonsuk M.Radiation modification of water absorption of cassava starch by acrylic acid/acrylamide [J].Radiat Phys Chem, 2000,59(4): 413~427.
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[27] Mingzhen W,Junchao Q,Yu P.Preparation and propreties of chitosan- poly(N-isopropylacryamide) semi-IPN hydrogels[J].Polym Chem,2000,38:474~481.
[28] 耿奎士,方静,唐明义,等.热敏性互穿网络聚合物[J].化工新型料,1996,(3): 16~21.
[29] 卓仁禧,张先正.温度及pH敏感聚(丙烯酸)/聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)互穿聚合网络水凝胶的合成及性能研究[J].高分子学报,1998,(1): 39~42.
[30] 马晓梅,赵喜安,唐小真.智能型水凝胶.化学通报,2004,2:117~123.
[31] Tanaka T,Fillmore D J.Kinetics of swelling of gels.J.Chem. Phys.,1979,70:1214~1218.
[32] Pelton R.Temperature-sensitive aqueous mierogels.Advances in colloid and inierface science,2000,85:l~33.
[33] Wu Q,Zhou S.Volume Phase Transition of Swollen Gels:Discontinuous or Continuous.Macromolecules,1997,30:574~576.
[34] Ulanski,P,Janik I,Rosiak Radiation formation of Polymeric nanogels.J. Radiat.Phys.Chem.,1998,52:289~294.
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