基于偏振光的虚拟矿井关键技术原理与应用
|
摘要
煤矿矿井是一个复杂的大系统,主要包括煤矿地质、采煤、开拓掘进、运输、通风安全、提升、排水、通讯、动力供应、照明等若干个子系统。每个子系统都有大量的数据需要进行收集、传输和处理。煤矿生产环境的未知性、复杂性、不可重复性,给煤矿企业安全生产带来一定的困难。
虚拟现实(Visual Reality)技术是近年来信息科学高速发展的产物,它是一门综合运用计算机图形学、人机接口技术、计算机仿真技术、多媒体技术和传感技术的交叉学科。虚拟现实技术可以对各种不同来源、不同格式、不同类型的复杂地质数据进行有效集成,该技术可直观、精确地表达煤矿三维矿体数据,使专业人员方便分析不同数据之间的关系。利用虚拟现实技术可以对煤矿灾害事故仿真,可以煤矿企业应急处理与应对突发事故的指挥决策能力,增强员工安全意识,提高危险识别能力,规范作业方法,达到减少矿山灾害减小危害程度的目的。
本文主要研究建立基于偏振光的煤矿虚拟矿井系统关键技术,主要包括:
1)研究了煤矿系统生产技术资料的获取和处理过程,根据煤矿生产技术数据的特点,分析了煤矿生成技术数据库的系统架构和建模原理;解决了煤矿系统海量、异质、多源数据的储存与管理难题,同时为基于偏振光的虚拟矿井提供了丰富的历史和实时数据资料,丰富虚拟矿井的内容;
2)研究了利用钻孔数据构建三维地层模型的方法和基于四面体的煤层储量计算方法,完成了相应的算法和程序设计,为基于偏振光的虚拟矿井构建了地质模型;
3)分析了煤矿巷道三维模型的数据结构,完成了巷道模型数据库设计和三维建模的算法,解决了虚拟矿井虚拟声的实现,建立了逼真的虚拟矿井场景;
4)完成了煤矿虚拟矿工设计与建模,构造了一个逼真的虚拟矿工模型,可以提高虚拟矿井的智能性、友好性和交互性;
5)在庞庄煤矿建立了国内煤矿领域首个基于偏振光立体显示技术的虚拟矿井系统,使用户带上偏振光眼镜即可看到逼真的虚拟矿井模型,实现了矿井生产数据的实时显示,设备仿真,生产系统及事故模拟,为矿井技术分析、员工培训、事故仿真等带来了方便。
论文将传统煤矿产业与基于虚拟现实技术有机结合,进行基于偏振光立体显示技术的虚拟矿井研究,建立了煤矿生产技术数据库系统和基于偏振光的煤矿虚拟矿井,并在一些煤矿得到应用。
Coal mine is a complex large-scale system, which primarily includes several sub-systems such as the coal mine geology, coal mining, development, transportation, ventilation safety, promotion, draining, communication, power supply, illumination and etc. For each sub-system there are massive data which need to be collected, transmitted and processed. The unpredictability, the complexity and the non-repeatability of the coal mine production environment could make it more difficult to work safely in the coal mine industry.
Visual Reality is the cross-discipline integrated by computer graphics, the technologies of human-machine interface, computer simulation, multimedia and sensing, which is due to the rapid development of information science in recent years. Visual Reality can effectively integrate the complex geological data of different origins, formats and types and express the three dimensional data of ore body which will facilitate the specialists to analyze the inner relations of different data. The utilization of Visual Reality may simulate the disaster accidents of coal mine, improve the emergency processing and abilities of command and decision to the unexpected accidents, strengthen the safety consciousness of the staff, sharpen the danger recognition capability and standardize the operating methods, so that it could reduce the damage degree of mine disasters.
The crucial technology of virtual coal mine system based on polarized light is studied and established in this paper, and mainly includes:
1) Proposed the solutions for establishing the relational database on Microsoft SQL Server by ADO Technology; built the database system of coal mine production technology on AutoCAD; solved the storage and management problems of systematic massive, neterogeny and multi source data; provided abundant historical and real-time data for the virtual mine based on polarized light and enriched its contents.
2) According to the characteristic of coal mine geologic body, construction of the three dimension stratum model on basis of drill hole data was given, the corresponding algorithm and programming were completed and finally the geological model of the virtual mine based on polarized light was constructed.
3) In view of the requirements of three dimensional roadway modelling and basic features of mine roadway, the roadway database design and the algorithm of three dimensional modelling were completed; the solution of virtual sound of the virtual mine was achieved; the lifelike virtual mine scene was established.
4) The design and modeling of the virtual miner for the coal mine was completed, a lifelike virtual miner model was constructed so that the intelligence, friendliness and interactivity of the virtual mine could be enhanced.
5) The first deomestic virtual mine system based on the stereoscopic display of the polarized light was established in Pangzhuang Coal Mine, where the lifelike virtual mine model could be observed by the user with polarized light glasses; the real-time display of the production data, equipment emulation and the simulations of the system and accidents were achieved, which brought convenience to the mine technology analysis, staff training, accident simulation and etc.
Traditional coal mine industry and Visual Reality were integrated organically in this thesis, research of the virtual mine based on the stereoscopic display of the polarized light was done, the database system for the coal mine production technology and virtual coal mine based on polarized light were established, which have been applied to some coal mines.
虚拟现实(Visual Reality)技术是近年来信息科学高速发展的产物,它是一门综合运用计算机图形学、人机接口技术、计算机仿真技术、多媒体技术和传感技术的交叉学科。虚拟现实技术可以对各种不同来源、不同格式、不同类型的复杂地质数据进行有效集成,该技术可直观、精确地表达煤矿三维矿体数据,使专业人员方便分析不同数据之间的关系。利用虚拟现实技术可以对煤矿灾害事故仿真,可以煤矿企业应急处理与应对突发事故的指挥决策能力,增强员工安全意识,提高危险识别能力,规范作业方法,达到减少矿山灾害减小危害程度的目的。
本文主要研究建立基于偏振光的煤矿虚拟矿井系统关键技术,主要包括:
1)研究了煤矿系统生产技术资料的获取和处理过程,根据煤矿生产技术数据的特点,分析了煤矿生成技术数据库的系统架构和建模原理;解决了煤矿系统海量、异质、多源数据的储存与管理难题,同时为基于偏振光的虚拟矿井提供了丰富的历史和实时数据资料,丰富虚拟矿井的内容;
2)研究了利用钻孔数据构建三维地层模型的方法和基于四面体的煤层储量计算方法,完成了相应的算法和程序设计,为基于偏振光的虚拟矿井构建了地质模型;
3)分析了煤矿巷道三维模型的数据结构,完成了巷道模型数据库设计和三维建模的算法,解决了虚拟矿井虚拟声的实现,建立了逼真的虚拟矿井场景;
4)完成了煤矿虚拟矿工设计与建模,构造了一个逼真的虚拟矿工模型,可以提高虚拟矿井的智能性、友好性和交互性;
5)在庞庄煤矿建立了国内煤矿领域首个基于偏振光立体显示技术的虚拟矿井系统,使用户带上偏振光眼镜即可看到逼真的虚拟矿井模型,实现了矿井生产数据的实时显示,设备仿真,生产系统及事故模拟,为矿井技术分析、员工培训、事故仿真等带来了方便。
论文将传统煤矿产业与基于虚拟现实技术有机结合,进行基于偏振光立体显示技术的虚拟矿井研究,建立了煤矿生产技术数据库系统和基于偏振光的煤矿虚拟矿井,并在一些煤矿得到应用。
Coal mine is a complex large-scale system, which primarily includes several sub-systems such as the coal mine geology, coal mining, development, transportation, ventilation safety, promotion, draining, communication, power supply, illumination and etc. For each sub-system there are massive data which need to be collected, transmitted and processed. The unpredictability, the complexity and the non-repeatability of the coal mine production environment could make it more difficult to work safely in the coal mine industry.
Visual Reality is the cross-discipline integrated by computer graphics, the technologies of human-machine interface, computer simulation, multimedia and sensing, which is due to the rapid development of information science in recent years. Visual Reality can effectively integrate the complex geological data of different origins, formats and types and express the three dimensional data of ore body which will facilitate the specialists to analyze the inner relations of different data. The utilization of Visual Reality may simulate the disaster accidents of coal mine, improve the emergency processing and abilities of command and decision to the unexpected accidents, strengthen the safety consciousness of the staff, sharpen the danger recognition capability and standardize the operating methods, so that it could reduce the damage degree of mine disasters.
The crucial technology of virtual coal mine system based on polarized light is studied and established in this paper, and mainly includes:
1) Proposed the solutions for establishing the relational database on Microsoft SQL Server by ADO Technology; built the database system of coal mine production technology on AutoCAD; solved the storage and management problems of systematic massive, neterogeny and multi source data; provided abundant historical and real-time data for the virtual mine based on polarized light and enriched its contents.
2) According to the characteristic of coal mine geologic body, construction of the three dimension stratum model on basis of drill hole data was given, the corresponding algorithm and programming were completed and finally the geological model of the virtual mine based on polarized light was constructed.
3) In view of the requirements of three dimensional roadway modelling and basic features of mine roadway, the roadway database design and the algorithm of three dimensional modelling were completed; the solution of virtual sound of the virtual mine was achieved; the lifelike virtual mine scene was established.
4) The design and modeling of the virtual miner for the coal mine was completed, a lifelike virtual miner model was constructed so that the intelligence, friendliness and interactivity of the virtual mine could be enhanced.
5) The first deomestic virtual mine system based on the stereoscopic display of the polarized light was established in Pangzhuang Coal Mine, where the lifelike virtual mine model could be observed by the user with polarized light glasses; the real-time display of the production data, equipment emulation and the simulations of the system and accidents were achieved, which brought convenience to the mine technology analysis, staff training, accident simulation and etc.
Traditional coal mine industry and Visual Reality were integrated organically in this thesis, research of the virtual mine based on the stereoscopic display of the polarized light was done, the database system for the coal mine production technology and virtual coal mine based on polarized light were established, which have been applied to some coal mines.
引文
[1]涂兴子,林在康.基于CAD的数字矿井模型及应用[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2005:1-7
[2]熊伟,毛善君,马蔼乃等.煤矿虚拟环境的巷道几何建模及关键算法研究[J].测绘通报,2002(8):15-21
[3]胡小强.虚拟现实技术基础与应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社2009:2-16
[4] M.Kelly,Developing coal mining technology for the 21st century [J]. Proc. Mining Sci.and Tech.Beijing,1999:3-7
[5] Myeung-Sook Yoh.The Reality of Virtual Reality[C].Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia(VSMM'01).2001(1):1-9
[6]杭燚.火炮虚拟现实技术研究[D].南京:南京工业大学,2007
[7]熊坚,曾纪国,宋健.汽车操纵稳定性虚拟仿真的研究[J].汽车工程,2002(5):430-433
[8] M.J.Ryken,Judy M.Vance.Applying virtual reality techniques to the interactive stress analysis of a tractor lift arm [J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design.2000(3):141-155
[9] R Cx Menendez,James E.Bernard.Flight simulation in synthetic environments[C].Digital Avionics Systems Conferences.2000(1):1-6
[10] Catherine A.Zanbaka.Comparison of Path Visualizations and Cognitive Measures Relative to Travel Technique in a Virtual Environment[J].IEEE Transactions on Visualization and computer graphics.2005(6):694-704
[11] J.V.Miro,A.S.White,Modeling an industrial manipulator a case study[J].Simulation Practice and theory,2002(9):293-319
[12]赵沁平.DVENET分布式虚拟环境[M].北京:科学出版社,2002
[13]吴晓君,王昌金.基于Creator/Vega的战场飞行视景系统的实时仿真[J].系统仿真学报,2005(9):2297-2299
[14]杨建华,吴朝晖,潘云鹤.面向虚拟战场的攻防对抗仿真技术研究[J].计算机仿真,2005(8):1-4
[15]全红艳,刘庆江,张田文.虚拟样机工程中的虚拟现实系统研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004(1):32-35
[16]刘晓波,张琴舜,张和林.一个基于MultiGen/Vega的虚拟场景漫游系统[J].计算机应用,2002(12):85-86
[17] Le Blanc Smith Guy,Caris Con,Carter Gil.4D Visualization of Exploration & Mine Data:“CSIRO Virtual Mine”[R].Australia CSIRO Exploration and Mining Report,2000
[18] Antonio Nieto.VIRTUAL MINE for Windows.
[19] Jones.Analysis of a Controller for the M61 Movable Gun.AD-A081893
[20] Thomas F.,Erline.Deviation Effect of an In-Bore Centerline on a 5-Inch Naval Gun[J].AD-A3391.1999
[21] Parallel Graphics.Virtual reality in the mining industry,http://www.parallelgraphics.com/products/success/dsk/,2006.9
[22] Denby B,Sehofield D,Walsha T.Virtual reality for the real time visualization of environmental date.27th APCOM.London.UK.1998.
[23] Sehofield D,Denby B,Willams M.etc.New applications of computer graphics and virtual reality in the minerals industries,Mine IT.1st international conference on Information technologies in the minerals industry,National Technical University of Athens,Greece,1997.
[24] Crawshaw SAM,Denby B,Mc Clarnon D.The use of virtual reality to simulate room and Pillar operations.Coal international,1997,245(1):20-22
[25] S A Shuey.Mining technology for the 21st century:Inco digs deep in Sudbury[J].E&MJ_China,1999(2):7-11.
[26]倪景峰.矿井通风仿真系统可视化研究[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2004
[27] Cheng,Lingjiang.Large Scale Software Transitions:A Case Study of the First Half of MFIRE,master paper University of Nevada,Reno,NV,May 2000
[28]魏连江.矿井通风仿真可视化研究[D].中国矿业大学,2008
[29]陈学习,韩玉春等.基于虚拟现实的矿井瓦斯爆炸模拟关键技术研究[J].华北科技学院学报,2004(2):1-6
[30]毛善君,熊伟.煤矿虚拟环境系统的总体设计及初步实现[J].煤炭学报,2005.(5):571-575
[31]闫永敢.基于PC的装配式虚拟煤矿矿井开发系统的研发与应用[D].太原理工大学2004
[32]闫永敢,康立勋,李学忠,虚拟煤矿开发工具的设计及实现[J].太原理工大学学报2007.7343-347
[33]范辉.基于虚拟现实的可控可视化矿井通风研究[D].太原理工大学,2007
[34]华萍.地质体三维建模与空间分析研究[D].中南大学,2008
[35]杨念哥.会东铅锌矿三维矿床模型开发与应用研究[D].中南大学,2008
[36]王宝山.煤矿虚拟现实系统三维数据模型和可视化技术与算法研究[D].解放军信息工程大学,2006
[37]任国强.虚拟矿井系统的研究与实现[D].山东科技大学,2007
[38]程结海,张震宇,万刚.VR技术支持下的矿井虚拟现实系统研究[J].矿业快报,2005(1):11-13
[39]蔡林沁.基于Agent的煤矿智能虚拟环境研究[D].中国科学技术大学,2007
[40]倪景峰.矿井通风仿真系统可视化研究[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2004
[41]华臻,范辉,李晋江等,虚拟现实技术在矿井通风系统中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2004,(3),44-45
[42]赵建忠,段康廉.三维建模在虚拟矿山系统中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发.2005(1):56-79
[43]李春民,李仲学,僧德文.OpenGL在矿山井巷工程三维可视化仿真系统中的应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2004(5):457-460
[44]李春民,李仲学,王云海.“数字矿山”三维可视化研究[J].系统仿真学报,2006(52):515-518
[45]倪景峰,刘剑,贾进章,矿井通风系统可视化程序设计原理[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003(4):527-529
[46]王意洁.面向对象的数据库技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[47] Ryan K.Stephens,Ronald R.Plew.Database Design[M].Mcamillan Computer Publishing USA,2001
[48]宋瀚涛,李新社.数据库编程与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社1998.
[49]李建中.并行关系数据库管理系统引论[M].科学出版社1998
[50]钟恢扶.关系数据库的设计与应用[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社1986
[51] Ordonez C.Vertical and Horizontal Percentage Aggregations[C]//Proc.of ACM SIGMOD Conference.New York,USA:ACM Press,2004:866-871
[52]李阳.数据交换系统设计与实现[D].北京交通大学,2006
[53]张聚礼,余冬梅,张秋余.基于C/S的软件体系结构研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(8):105-107,141.
[54]苏红芹,赵东风,孙云山.C/S、B/S混合模式构建云南新华印刷信息网[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(12):212-213,232.
[55]贾楠,刘建宾.基于B/S模式的多媒体课件系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(17):119-124.
[56]林在康,向宗凯.采矿CAD软件包体系模型[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000(1)67-69
[57]林在康,王强,宫良伟.等利用AutoCAD帮助信息快速开发采矿软件[J].煤炭工程,2007(9):134-136
[58]王强,林在康,曾勇伟等.AutoCAD二次开发安装文件包制作技术[C].煤炭开采新理论与新技术——中国煤炭学会开采专业委员会2007年学术年会论文集[C].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社2007:290-292
[59]吴立新,史文中,Christopher Gold,3DGIS与3DGMS中的空间构模技术[J].地理与地理信息科学,2003,19(1):5-11
[60]张林.基础地质数据管理与三维地层模型构建方法研究[D].西安:西安科技大学2007
[61]林在康,王斌,谭超.采矿CAD开发及编程技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1998:23-91.
[62]王明华.三维地质建模研究现状与发展趋势[J].土工基础.2006(04):68-70.
[63]侯恩科,吴立新.三维地学模拟几个方面的研究现状与发展趋势[J].煤田地质与勘探,2000,28(06):5-7
[64] Houlding S.W.3D computer modeling [J]. Engineering and Mining Journal.New York.1988 (8):45-47
[65]冯学智,都金康.数字地球导论[M].北京:商务印书馆2004
[66] Rong-xing L.I.Data structure and application issues in 3-D geographic information system [J].Geomatic.1994(3):209-224
[67]程朋根.地矿三维空间数据模型及相关算法研究[D].武汉大学,2005
[68] Christopher C.M.,Maydell U.M.Triangulation and spatial ordering in computer cartography[C].Proceedings of 3rd Canadian Cartographic Association Annual Meeting,Canada,1978:69-81
[69] Victor J.D.Delaunay triangulation in TIN Creation:A Overview and a linear-time algorithm [J].GIS.1993(6):501-524
[70]李清泉,杨必胜,史文中等.三维空间数据的实时获取、建模与可视化[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社2003
[71]肖乐斌,钟耳顺,刘纪远等.三维GIS的基本问题探讨[J].中国图象图形学报.2001(09):842-848
[72]吴立新,史文中.地理信息系统原理与算法[M].北京:科学出版社.2003:1-441
[73]韩国建,郭达志,金学林.矿体信息的八叉树存储和检索技术[J].测绘学报.1992,21(01):13-17
[74]边馥等,傅仲良,胡自锋.面向目标的栅格矢量一体化三维数据模型[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报.2000(04):294-298
[75] Homer H.,Thomas S.A survey of construction and manipulation of Octree[J].CVGIP.1998:409-431
[76]肖乐斌,龚建华,谢传节.线性四叉树和线性八叉树邻域寻找的一种新算法[J].测绘学报.1998(03):195-203
[77] Gargantini I.Linear octrees for fast processing of three-dimensional objects[J].Computer Graphics and Image Processing.1982(20):365-374
[78] Gargantini L,Walsh T.R.,Wu O.L.Viewing transformations of voxel-based objects.via linear octrees[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.1986(10):12-21
[79]李清泉,李德仁.八叉树的三维行程编码[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报.1997(02):102-106
[80]张煌,白世伟.一种基于三棱柱体体元的三维地层建模方法及应用[J].中国图象图形学报.2001(03)
[81]戴吾蛟,邹峥嵘.基于体素的三维GIS数据模型的研究[[J].矿山测量.2001(01):20-22
[82]张林.基础地质数据管理与三维地层模型构建方法研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2007
[83]韦玉春,陈锁忠。地理建模原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社。2005:291-295
[84]董辉,高光明,刘碧虹等.基于空间散乱点插值的曲面重构[J].地质与勘探,2004(3)
[85] Sambridge M,Braun J. Geophysical parameterization and interpolation of irregular data using natural neighbours.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122:837-857
[86]黄辉,黄光辉,郑珊等.一种基于梯度恢复后验误差估计的ZZ改进方法[J].贵州工业大学学报,2008(3):5-7
[87]汤国安,刘学军,间国年.数字高程模型及地学分析的原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:89-90
[88] Lewis B A.,Robinson JS.Triangulation of Planar Regions with Applications,The Computer Journal,1978,21(4):324-332
[89]王强,武亚峰,杨晓威.利用钻孔数据建立煤矿三维地质模型的理论与实践[J].煤炭工程.2010(2):107-109
[90]赵锋,王蕊香.基于ObjectARX与OLEDB的钻孔柱状图自动绘制[J].河北建筑科技学院学报.2002(4):61-64
[91]蔡红英.Visual Basic在AutoCAD平台的二次开发——创建钻孔数据库及钻孔自动绘制[J].矿山测量.2009.3:27-28,65
[92]中华人民共和国能源部.煤矿地质测量图例[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1989:31-55
[93]程朋根,刘学斌,史文中等.一种基于似三棱柱体元的地质三维建模方法研究[J].东华理工学院学报.2004(1):73-79
[94]周杰,丁贤荣,汪德爟.平面散点集Delaunay三角剖分的一种高效方法[J].测绘信息与工程.2003(6):21-23
[95]吕建升,须鼎兴.基于离散点绘制等高线算法的研究[J].四川测绘.2007.30(1):17-19
[96]张海荣,许友志.基于TIN不连续地质体的三维构模及动态显示[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002.31(2):142-145
[97]王建民,三维巷道的建模及应用研究[D].太原理工大学,2005
[98]魏占营,王宝山,李青元.地下巷道的三维建模及C++实现[J].武汉大学学报[信息科学版].2005(7):650-653
[99]张立亭,陈竹安,刘海飞,聂爱秀.三维可视化校园图的制作[J].东华理工学院学报,2004,(2):185-188
[100]张劲松.虚拟现实技术在工业控制中的应用[J].微计算机信息,2006(9):74-75
[101]杨鹏,姚旺生.基于DirectSound的3D虚拟声音技术应用研究[J].计算机仿真,2006(5):
[102]万刚,王蒙,武志强等.虚拟环境仿真中真实感声音的生成[J].测绘学院学报,2004(3)
[103]郭龙,谭同德,赵红领等.基于OsgAL的三维虚拟声音的设计与实现[J].微计算机信息,2009(4)
[104] Amdersan D.B,Gasey M.A.The Sound Dimension.IEEE SPECTRUM.1997
[105] Damid M.DATABASE PROCFSING 4nd Edition.Msvmillsn Publishing Compang.1998
[106] Alan Watt.3D计算机图形学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[107]罗福元等.声音渲染技术及其在虚拟环境中的应用[J].系统仿真学报,1999(5):364-368
[108]夏洪文.实现三维声效果的多媒体技术[J].电声技术,2000(4):47-49
[109] N I Badler,C B Phillips,B L Webber.Simulating humans:Computer Graphics,Animation,and Control,London:Oxford University Press,1999:1-20
[110]王兆其.虚拟人合成研究综述,中国科学院研究生院学报,2000(2):89-98
[111] T K Capin,I S Pandzic,H Noser,Virtual Human Representation and Communication in VLNET,IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1997,17(2):42-53
[112] P Fua,R Plankers,D Thalmann,Realistic Human Body Modeling.In:Fifth International Symposium on the 3-D Analysis of Human Movement,Chattanooga,1998
[113] P Fua,A Gruen,R Plankers,Human Body Modeling and Motion Analysis FromVideo Sequences.In:Proc.International Symposium on Real Time Imaging and Dynamic Analysis,Hakodate,Japan,1998
[114] Z Y Huang,Motion Control for Human Animation,PhD thesis,Lausanne Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,1996
[115]M Cavazza,R Earnshaw,N M Thalmann,D Thalmann,Motion Control of Virtual Humans,IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1998(5):24-31
[116]王立伟.3D游戏中人物动作技术研究与实现[D].哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[117]刘艳.三维虚拟人行为控制关键技术的研究[D].天津大学,2004
[118]韩晓宁,李佳星.虚拟人运动仿真研究[J].西安电子科技大学学报.2006(4)
[119]罗冠.虚拟人的运动生成及控制技术研究[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文,2003
[120]尚晶晶,周海.Direct3D游戏开发技术详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2006:231-243
[121]翁云锋,李昌.Direct3D游戏编程入门教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2005:21-25
[122] http://www.iebyte.com/html/cg/3d/2009/1229/17194.html,2009
[123](美)Edward Angel著,吴立国译.交互式计算机图形学—基于OpenGL的自顶向下方法(第四版)[M].2007:530-533
[124] Autodesk 3ds Max 8帮助文档
[125]李先桂.虚拟现实中的三维建模[J].《上海商业职业技术学院学报》,2004(03):95-97
[126] N.Bailer,C.PhilliPs,B.Webber.Simulating Humans:Computer Graphics Animation and Control[M].London:Oxford University Press,1993
[127]徐孟,孙守迁,潘云鹤.虚拟人运动控制技术的研究[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(3):335-341
[128]罗冠,郝重阳,张雯等.虚拟人技术研究综述[J].计算机工程,2005,3l(18):891-897
[129]贺怀清,虚拟人的建模及运动控制算法的研究[D].哈尔滨;哈尔滨工业大学,2001
[130]朱强,庄越挺,潘云鹤,基于紧身衣的人体动画研究[J],软件学报,2002,(4):601-607
[131] Mun Cheong.Funetional Programming and 3D Games[D].The University of New South Wales School of Computer Science and Engineering.2005
[132]张强.智能化虚拟人行为控制关键技术研究[D].天津理工大学博士学位论文.2007
[133] Chris Stauffer,W.Eric L.Grimson.Learning Pattems of Activity Using Real-Time Tracking.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.2000:747-757
[134]贾惠柱.虚拟现实中立体显示技术的研究与实现[D].大庆石油学院,2002
[135]谭军,陆波,余桂丰.立体电视技术的发展概况及基本原理[J].中国有线电视,2004(12):25-27
[136] Jesse B.Eichenlaub.Progress in autostereoscopic display technology at Dimension Technologies Inc[C].Proc.SPIE,1991(1457):290-301.
[137] Jesse B.Eichenlaub,A lightweight,compact 2D/3D autostereoscopic LCD backlight for games, monitor,and notebook application[C].Proc.SPIE 1998(3295):180-185
[138]罗杰.面向建筑的虚拟漫游系统研究与实现田[D].大庆石油学院,2000
[139]教传艳.过程仿真场景中基于粒子系统的关键技术研究与实现[D].沈阳工业大学,2007
[140]匡伶俐.基于粒子系统瓦斯爆炸模拟的研究与实现[D].西安科技大学,2008
[141]况扬.3D Studio MAX中粒子系统的研究[J].科技广场,2009.3:112-113
[142]李一帆.数字矿山信息系统的研究及应用[D].中国科学院研究生院,2007
[143]程朋根.地矿三维空间数据模型及相关算法研究[D].武汉大学,2005
[144]王润怀.矿山地质对象三维数据模型研究[D].西南交通大学,2007
[145]严丽娟.基于GIS的泥石流灾害数据库设计与应用分析[D].西南交通大学,2003
[146]何源睿.基于GIS的内昆铁路地质灾害空间数据库设计及应用[D].西南交通大学,2008
[2]熊伟,毛善君,马蔼乃等.煤矿虚拟环境的巷道几何建模及关键算法研究[J].测绘通报,2002(8):15-21
[3]胡小强.虚拟现实技术基础与应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社2009:2-16
[4] M.Kelly,Developing coal mining technology for the 21st century [J]. Proc. Mining Sci.and Tech.Beijing,1999:3-7
[5] Myeung-Sook Yoh.The Reality of Virtual Reality[C].Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia(VSMM'01).2001(1):1-9
[6]杭燚.火炮虚拟现实技术研究[D].南京:南京工业大学,2007
[7]熊坚,曾纪国,宋健.汽车操纵稳定性虚拟仿真的研究[J].汽车工程,2002(5):430-433
[8] M.J.Ryken,Judy M.Vance.Applying virtual reality techniques to the interactive stress analysis of a tractor lift arm [J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design.2000(3):141-155
[9] R Cx Menendez,James E.Bernard.Flight simulation in synthetic environments[C].Digital Avionics Systems Conferences.2000(1):1-6
[10] Catherine A.Zanbaka.Comparison of Path Visualizations and Cognitive Measures Relative to Travel Technique in a Virtual Environment[J].IEEE Transactions on Visualization and computer graphics.2005(6):694-704
[11] J.V.Miro,A.S.White,Modeling an industrial manipulator a case study[J].Simulation Practice and theory,2002(9):293-319
[12]赵沁平.DVENET分布式虚拟环境[M].北京:科学出版社,2002
[13]吴晓君,王昌金.基于Creator/Vega的战场飞行视景系统的实时仿真[J].系统仿真学报,2005(9):2297-2299
[14]杨建华,吴朝晖,潘云鹤.面向虚拟战场的攻防对抗仿真技术研究[J].计算机仿真,2005(8):1-4
[15]全红艳,刘庆江,张田文.虚拟样机工程中的虚拟现实系统研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004(1):32-35
[16]刘晓波,张琴舜,张和林.一个基于MultiGen/Vega的虚拟场景漫游系统[J].计算机应用,2002(12):85-86
[17] Le Blanc Smith Guy,Caris Con,Carter Gil.4D Visualization of Exploration & Mine Data:“CSIRO Virtual Mine”[R].Australia CSIRO Exploration and Mining Report,2000
[18] Antonio Nieto.VIRTUAL MINE for Windows.
[19] Jones.Analysis of a Controller for the M61 Movable Gun.AD-A081893
[20] Thomas F.,Erline.Deviation Effect of an In-Bore Centerline on a 5-Inch Naval Gun[J].AD-A3391.1999
[21] Parallel Graphics.Virtual reality in the mining industry,http://www.parallelgraphics.com/products/success/dsk/,2006.9
[22] Denby B,Sehofield D,Walsha T.Virtual reality for the real time visualization of environmental date.27th APCOM.London.UK.1998.
[23] Sehofield D,Denby B,Willams M.etc.New applications of computer graphics and virtual reality in the minerals industries,Mine IT.1st international conference on Information technologies in the minerals industry,National Technical University of Athens,Greece,1997.
[24] Crawshaw SAM,Denby B,Mc Clarnon D.The use of virtual reality to simulate room and Pillar operations.Coal international,1997,245(1):20-22
[25] S A Shuey.Mining technology for the 21st century:Inco digs deep in Sudbury[J].E&MJ_China,1999(2):7-11.
[26]倪景峰.矿井通风仿真系统可视化研究[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2004
[27] Cheng,Lingjiang.Large Scale Software Transitions:A Case Study of the First Half of MFIRE,master paper University of Nevada,Reno,NV,May 2000
[28]魏连江.矿井通风仿真可视化研究[D].中国矿业大学,2008
[29]陈学习,韩玉春等.基于虚拟现实的矿井瓦斯爆炸模拟关键技术研究[J].华北科技学院学报,2004(2):1-6
[30]毛善君,熊伟.煤矿虚拟环境系统的总体设计及初步实现[J].煤炭学报,2005.(5):571-575
[31]闫永敢.基于PC的装配式虚拟煤矿矿井开发系统的研发与应用[D].太原理工大学2004
[32]闫永敢,康立勋,李学忠,虚拟煤矿开发工具的设计及实现[J].太原理工大学学报2007.7343-347
[33]范辉.基于虚拟现实的可控可视化矿井通风研究[D].太原理工大学,2007
[34]华萍.地质体三维建模与空间分析研究[D].中南大学,2008
[35]杨念哥.会东铅锌矿三维矿床模型开发与应用研究[D].中南大学,2008
[36]王宝山.煤矿虚拟现实系统三维数据模型和可视化技术与算法研究[D].解放军信息工程大学,2006
[37]任国强.虚拟矿井系统的研究与实现[D].山东科技大学,2007
[38]程结海,张震宇,万刚.VR技术支持下的矿井虚拟现实系统研究[J].矿业快报,2005(1):11-13
[39]蔡林沁.基于Agent的煤矿智能虚拟环境研究[D].中国科学技术大学,2007
[40]倪景峰.矿井通风仿真系统可视化研究[D].辽宁工程技术大学,2004
[41]华臻,范辉,李晋江等,虚拟现实技术在矿井通风系统中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2004,(3),44-45
[42]赵建忠,段康廉.三维建模在虚拟矿山系统中的应用[J].矿业研究与开发.2005(1):56-79
[43]李春民,李仲学,僧德文.OpenGL在矿山井巷工程三维可视化仿真系统中的应用[J].北京科技大学学报,2004(5):457-460
[44]李春民,李仲学,王云海.“数字矿山”三维可视化研究[J].系统仿真学报,2006(52):515-518
[45]倪景峰,刘剑,贾进章,矿井通风系统可视化程序设计原理[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2003(4):527-529
[46]王意洁.面向对象的数据库技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[47] Ryan K.Stephens,Ronald R.Plew.Database Design[M].Mcamillan Computer Publishing USA,2001
[48]宋瀚涛,李新社.数据库编程与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社1998.
[49]李建中.并行关系数据库管理系统引论[M].科学出版社1998
[50]钟恢扶.关系数据库的设计与应用[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社1986
[51] Ordonez C.Vertical and Horizontal Percentage Aggregations[C]//Proc.of ACM SIGMOD Conference.New York,USA:ACM Press,2004:866-871
[52]李阳.数据交换系统设计与实现[D].北京交通大学,2006
[53]张聚礼,余冬梅,张秋余.基于C/S的软件体系结构研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(8):105-107,141.
[54]苏红芹,赵东风,孙云山.C/S、B/S混合模式构建云南新华印刷信息网[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(12):212-213,232.
[55]贾楠,刘建宾.基于B/S模式的多媒体课件系统的设计与实现[J].计算机工程与应用,2003(17):119-124.
[56]林在康,向宗凯.采矿CAD软件包体系模型[J].中国矿业大学学报,2000(1)67-69
[57]林在康,王强,宫良伟.等利用AutoCAD帮助信息快速开发采矿软件[J].煤炭工程,2007(9):134-136
[58]王强,林在康,曾勇伟等.AutoCAD二次开发安装文件包制作技术[C].煤炭开采新理论与新技术——中国煤炭学会开采专业委员会2007年学术年会论文集[C].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社2007:290-292
[59]吴立新,史文中,Christopher Gold,3DGIS与3DGMS中的空间构模技术[J].地理与地理信息科学,2003,19(1):5-11
[60]张林.基础地质数据管理与三维地层模型构建方法研究[D].西安:西安科技大学2007
[61]林在康,王斌,谭超.采矿CAD开发及编程技术[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1998:23-91.
[62]王明华.三维地质建模研究现状与发展趋势[J].土工基础.2006(04):68-70.
[63]侯恩科,吴立新.三维地学模拟几个方面的研究现状与发展趋势[J].煤田地质与勘探,2000,28(06):5-7
[64] Houlding S.W.3D computer modeling [J]. Engineering and Mining Journal.New York.1988 (8):45-47
[65]冯学智,都金康.数字地球导论[M].北京:商务印书馆2004
[66] Rong-xing L.I.Data structure and application issues in 3-D geographic information system [J].Geomatic.1994(3):209-224
[67]程朋根.地矿三维空间数据模型及相关算法研究[D].武汉大学,2005
[68] Christopher C.M.,Maydell U.M.Triangulation and spatial ordering in computer cartography[C].Proceedings of 3rd Canadian Cartographic Association Annual Meeting,Canada,1978:69-81
[69] Victor J.D.Delaunay triangulation in TIN Creation:A Overview and a linear-time algorithm [J].GIS.1993(6):501-524
[70]李清泉,杨必胜,史文中等.三维空间数据的实时获取、建模与可视化[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社2003
[71]肖乐斌,钟耳顺,刘纪远等.三维GIS的基本问题探讨[J].中国图象图形学报.2001(09):842-848
[72]吴立新,史文中.地理信息系统原理与算法[M].北京:科学出版社.2003:1-441
[73]韩国建,郭达志,金学林.矿体信息的八叉树存储和检索技术[J].测绘学报.1992,21(01):13-17
[74]边馥等,傅仲良,胡自锋.面向目标的栅格矢量一体化三维数据模型[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报.2000(04):294-298
[75] Homer H.,Thomas S.A survey of construction and manipulation of Octree[J].CVGIP.1998:409-431
[76]肖乐斌,龚建华,谢传节.线性四叉树和线性八叉树邻域寻找的一种新算法[J].测绘学报.1998(03):195-203
[77] Gargantini I.Linear octrees for fast processing of three-dimensional objects[J].Computer Graphics and Image Processing.1982(20):365-374
[78] Gargantini L,Walsh T.R.,Wu O.L.Viewing transformations of voxel-based objects.via linear octrees[J].IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.1986(10):12-21
[79]李清泉,李德仁.八叉树的三维行程编码[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报.1997(02):102-106
[80]张煌,白世伟.一种基于三棱柱体体元的三维地层建模方法及应用[J].中国图象图形学报.2001(03)
[81]戴吾蛟,邹峥嵘.基于体素的三维GIS数据模型的研究[[J].矿山测量.2001(01):20-22
[82]张林.基础地质数据管理与三维地层模型构建方法研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2007
[83]韦玉春,陈锁忠。地理建模原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社。2005:291-295
[84]董辉,高光明,刘碧虹等.基于空间散乱点插值的曲面重构[J].地质与勘探,2004(3)
[85] Sambridge M,Braun J. Geophysical parameterization and interpolation of irregular data using natural neighbours.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122:837-857
[86]黄辉,黄光辉,郑珊等.一种基于梯度恢复后验误差估计的ZZ改进方法[J].贵州工业大学学报,2008(3):5-7
[87]汤国安,刘学军,间国年.数字高程模型及地学分析的原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:89-90
[88] Lewis B A.,Robinson JS.Triangulation of Planar Regions with Applications,The Computer Journal,1978,21(4):324-332
[89]王强,武亚峰,杨晓威.利用钻孔数据建立煤矿三维地质模型的理论与实践[J].煤炭工程.2010(2):107-109
[90]赵锋,王蕊香.基于ObjectARX与OLEDB的钻孔柱状图自动绘制[J].河北建筑科技学院学报.2002(4):61-64
[91]蔡红英.Visual Basic在AutoCAD平台的二次开发——创建钻孔数据库及钻孔自动绘制[J].矿山测量.2009.3:27-28,65
[92]中华人民共和国能源部.煤矿地质测量图例[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1989:31-55
[93]程朋根,刘学斌,史文中等.一种基于似三棱柱体元的地质三维建模方法研究[J].东华理工学院学报.2004(1):73-79
[94]周杰,丁贤荣,汪德爟.平面散点集Delaunay三角剖分的一种高效方法[J].测绘信息与工程.2003(6):21-23
[95]吕建升,须鼎兴.基于离散点绘制等高线算法的研究[J].四川测绘.2007.30(1):17-19
[96]张海荣,许友志.基于TIN不连续地质体的三维构模及动态显示[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002.31(2):142-145
[97]王建民,三维巷道的建模及应用研究[D].太原理工大学,2005
[98]魏占营,王宝山,李青元.地下巷道的三维建模及C++实现[J].武汉大学学报[信息科学版].2005(7):650-653
[99]张立亭,陈竹安,刘海飞,聂爱秀.三维可视化校园图的制作[J].东华理工学院学报,2004,(2):185-188
[100]张劲松.虚拟现实技术在工业控制中的应用[J].微计算机信息,2006(9):74-75
[101]杨鹏,姚旺生.基于DirectSound的3D虚拟声音技术应用研究[J].计算机仿真,2006(5):
[102]万刚,王蒙,武志强等.虚拟环境仿真中真实感声音的生成[J].测绘学院学报,2004(3)
[103]郭龙,谭同德,赵红领等.基于OsgAL的三维虚拟声音的设计与实现[J].微计算机信息,2009(4)
[104] Amdersan D.B,Gasey M.A.The Sound Dimension.IEEE SPECTRUM.1997
[105] Damid M.DATABASE PROCFSING 4nd Edition.Msvmillsn Publishing Compang.1998
[106] Alan Watt.3D计算机图形学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005
[107]罗福元等.声音渲染技术及其在虚拟环境中的应用[J].系统仿真学报,1999(5):364-368
[108]夏洪文.实现三维声效果的多媒体技术[J].电声技术,2000(4):47-49
[109] N I Badler,C B Phillips,B L Webber.Simulating humans:Computer Graphics,Animation,and Control,London:Oxford University Press,1999:1-20
[110]王兆其.虚拟人合成研究综述,中国科学院研究生院学报,2000(2):89-98
[111] T K Capin,I S Pandzic,H Noser,Virtual Human Representation and Communication in VLNET,IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1997,17(2):42-53
[112] P Fua,R Plankers,D Thalmann,Realistic Human Body Modeling.In:Fifth International Symposium on the 3-D Analysis of Human Movement,Chattanooga,1998
[113] P Fua,A Gruen,R Plankers,Human Body Modeling and Motion Analysis FromVideo Sequences.In:Proc.International Symposium on Real Time Imaging and Dynamic Analysis,Hakodate,Japan,1998
[114] Z Y Huang,Motion Control for Human Animation,PhD thesis,Lausanne Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,1996
[115]M Cavazza,R Earnshaw,N M Thalmann,D Thalmann,Motion Control of Virtual Humans,IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications,1998(5):24-31
[116]王立伟.3D游戏中人物动作技术研究与实现[D].哈尔滨工程大学,2007
[117]刘艳.三维虚拟人行为控制关键技术的研究[D].天津大学,2004
[118]韩晓宁,李佳星.虚拟人运动仿真研究[J].西安电子科技大学学报.2006(4)
[119]罗冠.虚拟人的运动生成及控制技术研究[D].西北工业大学博士学位论文,2003
[120]尚晶晶,周海.Direct3D游戏开发技术详解[M].北京:人民邮电出版社.2006:231-243
[121]翁云锋,李昌.Direct3D游戏编程入门教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社.2005:21-25
[122] http://www.iebyte.com/html/cg/3d/2009/1229/17194.html,2009
[123](美)Edward Angel著,吴立国译.交互式计算机图形学—基于OpenGL的自顶向下方法(第四版)[M].2007:530-533
[124] Autodesk 3ds Max 8帮助文档
[125]李先桂.虚拟现实中的三维建模[J].《上海商业职业技术学院学报》,2004(03):95-97
[126] N.Bailer,C.PhilliPs,B.Webber.Simulating Humans:Computer Graphics Animation and Control[M].London:Oxford University Press,1993
[127]徐孟,孙守迁,潘云鹤.虚拟人运动控制技术的研究[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(3):335-341
[128]罗冠,郝重阳,张雯等.虚拟人技术研究综述[J].计算机工程,2005,3l(18):891-897
[129]贺怀清,虚拟人的建模及运动控制算法的研究[D].哈尔滨;哈尔滨工业大学,2001
[130]朱强,庄越挺,潘云鹤,基于紧身衣的人体动画研究[J],软件学报,2002,(4):601-607
[131] Mun Cheong.Funetional Programming and 3D Games[D].The University of New South Wales School of Computer Science and Engineering.2005
[132]张强.智能化虚拟人行为控制关键技术研究[D].天津理工大学博士学位论文.2007
[133] Chris Stauffer,W.Eric L.Grimson.Learning Pattems of Activity Using Real-Time Tracking.IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence.2000:747-757
[134]贾惠柱.虚拟现实中立体显示技术的研究与实现[D].大庆石油学院,2002
[135]谭军,陆波,余桂丰.立体电视技术的发展概况及基本原理[J].中国有线电视,2004(12):25-27
[136] Jesse B.Eichenlaub.Progress in autostereoscopic display technology at Dimension Technologies Inc[C].Proc.SPIE,1991(1457):290-301.
[137] Jesse B.Eichenlaub,A lightweight,compact 2D/3D autostereoscopic LCD backlight for games, monitor,and notebook application[C].Proc.SPIE 1998(3295):180-185
[138]罗杰.面向建筑的虚拟漫游系统研究与实现田[D].大庆石油学院,2000
[139]教传艳.过程仿真场景中基于粒子系统的关键技术研究与实现[D].沈阳工业大学,2007
[140]匡伶俐.基于粒子系统瓦斯爆炸模拟的研究与实现[D].西安科技大学,2008
[141]况扬.3D Studio MAX中粒子系统的研究[J].科技广场,2009.3:112-113
[142]李一帆.数字矿山信息系统的研究及应用[D].中国科学院研究生院,2007
[143]程朋根.地矿三维空间数据模型及相关算法研究[D].武汉大学,2005
[144]王润怀.矿山地质对象三维数据模型研究[D].西南交通大学,2007
[145]严丽娟.基于GIS的泥石流灾害数据库设计与应用分析[D].西南交通大学,2003
[146]何源睿.基于GIS的内昆铁路地质灾害空间数据库设计及应用[D].西南交通大学,2008
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |