新疆棉秆预处理及木质纤维素降解研究
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摘要
利用秸秆中的纤维素发酵产乙醇替代日益枯竭的化石燃料前景诱人。本文中以新疆所产棉杆为实验材料,比较了物理、化学和生物预处理方法,希望找到一条清洁、廉价的预处理途径使纤维素高效降解为葡萄糖。
文章中研究了不同纤维素鉴别培养基,通过实验得到可高效筛选纤维素降解菌的鉴别培养基。分别经过初筛和复筛两个步骤筛选得到纤维素降解菌和木质素降解菌。比较了不同的理化预处理方法,通过试验得到产纤维素酶活力最高的理化预处理法。研究了纤维素降解菌和木质素降解菌对棉杆的协同降解试验,得到产纤维素酶活力最高的生物预处理法。对理化预处理法和生物预处理法进行分析比较。
试验得出最好的刚果红鉴别培养基成分为:CMC-Na、MgSO_4、K_2HPO_4、刚果红、琼脂、明胶和土壤浸汁。得到6株产孢子能力强的纤维素降解菌和5株木质素降解菌——白腐菌,其中白腐菌F11降解木质素能力最强。试验得到2株可与F11共培养的纤维素降解菌。最佳理化处理条件是:碳源为碱超声处理的棉秆、氮源为牛肉膏、发酵温度为40℃、发酵时间为7天。温度对酶活力的影响力最大,其次是氮源。F52与F11共同发酵时,CMC酶活力和FPA酶活力都增加,Lac酶活消失,MnP酶活力减小,LiP酶活力增加,葡萄糖产量增加。理化处理后CMC酶活最高值略低于生物处理后CMC酶活最高值。
The exhausted fossil energy source be substituted by the ethanol that is made from cellulose have amazing future. The physical chemic and biologic pretreatment based on the cotton straw in xinjiang are researched in this text, we expect for finding a clean and inexpensive way that can change the cellulose into glucose efficiently.
Different cellulose differential medium are compared in this text, and a differential medium that can filtrate cellulose decomposing microorganisms efficiently by dint of experimentation is gained. Cellulose and lignin decomposing microorganisms are gained throμgh the first filtration and the second filtration. Different physical chemic pretreatments are compared, and the best pretreatment that bring on the best activity of cellulase is gained. Cotton straw’s synergistic decomposing with cellulose and lignin decomposition microorganisms is studied in the text, and the best biologic pretreatment that bring on the best activity of cellulose is gained. The best physical chemic and biologic pretreatment are compared in the text.
The best cogon red differential medium’s component is confirmed in experimentation, they are CMC-Na MgSO_4 K_2HPO_4 cogon red agar glutin and the steep of soil. Six cellulose decomposing microorganisms with high sporule yield and five lignin decomposing microorganisms (white rot fungi) are obtain, the white rot fungi F11 have the best decomposability on lignin. Two cellulose decomposing microbes are gained, which can commix with F11 to cultivate. The best physical chemic pretreatment condition is that the cotton straw after ultrasonic treatment with alkali as C source, beef extract as N source, 40℃as ferment temperature and 7 days as ferment time. The first influence factor to the activity of enzyme is temperature, and the second is N source. When F52 commixed with F11 to cultivate, CMCase and FPAse both increased, Lac disappeared, MnP decreased and LiP increased, the yield of glucose increased. Compared to the top of CMCase after physical chemic pretreatment, the top of CMCase after biologic pretreatment is lower.
文章中研究了不同纤维素鉴别培养基,通过实验得到可高效筛选纤维素降解菌的鉴别培养基。分别经过初筛和复筛两个步骤筛选得到纤维素降解菌和木质素降解菌。比较了不同的理化预处理方法,通过试验得到产纤维素酶活力最高的理化预处理法。研究了纤维素降解菌和木质素降解菌对棉杆的协同降解试验,得到产纤维素酶活力最高的生物预处理法。对理化预处理法和生物预处理法进行分析比较。
试验得出最好的刚果红鉴别培养基成分为:CMC-Na、MgSO_4、K_2HPO_4、刚果红、琼脂、明胶和土壤浸汁。得到6株产孢子能力强的纤维素降解菌和5株木质素降解菌——白腐菌,其中白腐菌F11降解木质素能力最强。试验得到2株可与F11共培养的纤维素降解菌。最佳理化处理条件是:碳源为碱超声处理的棉秆、氮源为牛肉膏、发酵温度为40℃、发酵时间为7天。温度对酶活力的影响力最大,其次是氮源。F52与F11共同发酵时,CMC酶活力和FPA酶活力都增加,Lac酶活消失,MnP酶活力减小,LiP酶活力增加,葡萄糖产量增加。理化处理后CMC酶活最高值略低于生物处理后CMC酶活最高值。
The exhausted fossil energy source be substituted by the ethanol that is made from cellulose have amazing future. The physical chemic and biologic pretreatment based on the cotton straw in xinjiang are researched in this text, we expect for finding a clean and inexpensive way that can change the cellulose into glucose efficiently.
Different cellulose differential medium are compared in this text, and a differential medium that can filtrate cellulose decomposing microorganisms efficiently by dint of experimentation is gained. Cellulose and lignin decomposing microorganisms are gained throμgh the first filtration and the second filtration. Different physical chemic pretreatments are compared, and the best pretreatment that bring on the best activity of cellulase is gained. Cotton straw’s synergistic decomposing with cellulose and lignin decomposition microorganisms is studied in the text, and the best biologic pretreatment that bring on the best activity of cellulose is gained. The best physical chemic and biologic pretreatment are compared in the text.
The best cogon red differential medium’s component is confirmed in experimentation, they are CMC-Na MgSO_4 K_2HPO_4 cogon red agar glutin and the steep of soil. Six cellulose decomposing microorganisms with high sporule yield and five lignin decomposing microorganisms (white rot fungi) are obtain, the white rot fungi F11 have the best decomposability on lignin. Two cellulose decomposing microbes are gained, which can commix with F11 to cultivate. The best physical chemic pretreatment condition is that the cotton straw after ultrasonic treatment with alkali as C source, beef extract as N source, 40℃as ferment temperature and 7 days as ferment time. The first influence factor to the activity of enzyme is temperature, and the second is N source. When F52 commixed with F11 to cultivate, CMCase and FPAse both increased, Lac disappeared, MnP decreased and LiP increased, the yield of glucose increased. Compared to the top of CMCase after physical chemic pretreatment, the top of CMCase after biologic pretreatment is lower.
引文
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