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基于Windows CE的多相机测量控制系统的研究与设计
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摘要
在数字城市发展和建设的过程中,3D城市实景模型的建立是整个数字城市系统的基础,而如何快速、高效的获取城市建筑物外立面纹理是整个3D城市建模的基础和关键技术之一。以前人工地面拍摄的方式,由于工作量大、效率低,已经不能满足数字城市建设的需要。随着数字航空摄影测量技术在国内的广泛应用,为如何快速、高效的获取建筑物纹理提出了新的思路。在本课题中,以数字航空摄影测量技术为依托,研究设计了基于Windows CE的多相机测量控制系统,该系统是由多相机图像获取系统和嵌入式控制系统组成。本文将对多相机测量控制系统进行论述,所包含的主要内容如下:
     1.通过对国内外航空摄影测量领域相关资料的查阅和类似产品设备的研究分析,提出了多相机测量控制系统研究方案及系统的总体设计流程。
     2.进行多相机图像获取系统设计。系统设计主要包括大幅面非测量相机的量测化改进、单相机改进后镜头畸变的纠正、多相机的组合方案设计及集成技术。
     3.构建了以PC104嵌入式计算机为核心的测控系统硬件平台,完成了系统的电源模块、LCD显示、触摸屏模块、键盘和USB等各种通讯接口的设计,扩展了并行I/O口,实现了GPS接收机、PC104工控机以及多相机图像获取系统之间的通信,完成了多相机的同步曝光控制硬件平台设计。
     4.定制了基于本硬件平台的Windows Embedded CE操作系统,包括BSP的改进、Boot Loader的开发、OAL的开发以及LCD显示驱动程序和触摸屏驱动程序的移植与修改,测试证实该操作平台具有极高的稳定性。
     5.利用Visual Studio.NET2005完成应用程序开发,实现了试曝光、定时曝光和飞行过程中GPS辅助定点多相机同步曝光控制、飞行状态实时显示、曝光状态实时显示等功能。最后,在实验室用示波器做曝光同步性测试,测试结果表明系统曝光同步时间达到1ms以内,满足航空摄影测量的要求。
With the development and construction of the digital city,3D model of the realcity is the foundation of the digital city system, and how to get the facade texture of thecity building quickly and effectually is the foundation and one of key technical of3DCity model. The method of getting the building photographs by people long before isinefficient and is a heavy work, it will not be able to meet the needs of the digital cityconstruction. With digital photogrammetry technology widely used in our country, itgives a new method of how to get the facade texture of the city building quickly andeffectually. In this project, we researched and designed multi-camera measure andcontrol system based on Windows CE rely on digital photogrammetry technology. Thissystem is composed of multi-camera image capturing system and embedded controlsystem. This paper is a description of the multi-camera measure and control system,which included main content such as:
     1. After consulted relative information and then researched and analysised Similarequipments in navigation of photogrammetry home and abroad, put forward the researchprogramme and the overall design process of the multi-camera measure and controlsystem.
     2. Proceeded design of the multi-camera Image capturing system. System designmain includes improve large format non-metric camera to metric camera, correct lensdistortion of the improved camera, design multi-camera’s combination regimens andintegrate it.
     3. Constructed the hardware platform of the measurement and control systembased on PC104embedded computer, designed Power Module, LCD Display, TouchScreen Module, Keyboard and USB Communication Interface and so on, Extended I/Oparallel interface, achieved the communication between GPS receiver, PC104embeddedcomputer and multi-camera image capturing system.
     4. we custom-designed a Windows CE Operating System based on our hardwareplatform, include the improvement of BSP, the development of Boot Loader and OAL,transplanted and modified the driver of LCD Display and Touch Screen, Tested verifiedthat the Operating System has high stability.
     5. Used Visual Studio.NET2005accomplished Application program Development,achieved testing exposure, timing exposure, GPS-supported multi-camera synchronisedexposure control during the flight, display flight status and exposure status real time andso on. At last, we test exposure synchronism with an oscilloscope in the laboratory, theresult shows that simultaneous exposure time of this system is less than1ms, it satisfythe requirement of aerial photography.
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