“引朱济邢”输水工程中的计算机监控系统
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摘要
计算机监控系统可以为自动化控制系统提供更高的可靠性和稳定性，在工业控制中占有重要地位。由于涉及的领域多，系统复杂，计算机监控一直是国内自动化领域的重要研究内容。将计算机控制技术和计算机网络技术应用于水利工程的监视、控制和管理，有利于提高水利工程的计算机监控水平，提高水利工程的可靠性，具有现实意义。近年来，国内的水电厂和水库相继采用计算机监控系统，提高了我国水利事业为社会服务的整体水平。
水利工程中的水锤现象和控制对策一直是水利工程及其自动化的重要研究课题。水锤对输水管道的危害性很大，严重时可以使管道破裂。研究管道系统的水力过渡过程，通过控制水锤的规模，为管道提供有效的防护措施，可以提高水利工程的安全性，降低工程投资。
本论文来源于河北省邢台市“引朱济邢”输水工程。在工程中采用计算机监控系统，以满足水利控制的可靠性及自动化管理水平的严格要求。论文分为两个部分，在计算机监控方面，以GE Fanuc公司的组态软件Cimplicity为基础，构造了基于DCS模式的分层分布式计算机监控网络结构。开发出多站点间、工业仪表与站点间的通讯软件。在水利控制方面，针对工程中需要重点解决的水锤防护问题，采取有效的控制算法，通过控制阀门开度来调节管道流量，达到减轻管道承受的压力的目的。
本论文研究工作主要包括：
1．在网络通讯和数据库方面，开发了支持DDE通讯方式的软件组件，实现和组态软件Cimplicity的DDE通讯，基于RS_485总线的采集智能仪表数据的软件组件，解决了设计院所提供的智能仪表和Cimplicity在通讯协议方面不一致的问题；公用电话网数据传送的软件组件，和寻呼机报警的软件组件；基于Access数据库打印报表的软件组件和与Internet Explore软件兼容的数据报表，使用户可以在任何地方，通过Internet访问现场数据库的内容；上位机双机冗余的软件组件；开发了PLC控制器的部分梯形图，利用PLC的PCM模块采集RS-485仪表数据的MegaBasic软件。
2．在水利工程方面的工作，进行了阀门控制过程计算机仿真，以及水锤模型方程的选定、求解和计算机仿真。
本文所做工作是针对“引朱济邢”工程中提出的实际问题，进行软件开发和硬件试验。工作取得了满意的结果，为“引朱济邢”输水工程的计算机监控系统的顺利实施提供了实践经验。
The monitoring and control system plays an important role in the industrial control fields, which can provide the system with higher reliability and higher stability. The monitoring and control system involves a lot of scientific fields. Because of the system's complexity , The monitoring and control system is the important research task in domestic automatization fields at all times.
The computer control technology and the computer network technology are applied to the monitoring ^ control and management of water works, which can be propitious to improving the level of the monitoring and control system of the water works and improving the water works reliability ,which has the practical significance. In the recent few years , the domestic water works and the hydropower plants introduce the monitoring and control system, which has improved the whole level of the water conservation's serving the society.
The water hammer and the water hammer's control measures are the important research task of the field of the water works and the water works automatization .The water hammer does great harm to the pipeline, and especially breaks the pipe. Researching the water power's transitional process may improve the water works' security and reduce the investment by controlling the water hammer's harm and providing the effective defensive measures.
This paper is from the Yinzhujixing water works. In order to meet the demand of the water power control and automation management, the monitoring and control system is introduced. The paper includes two aspects. In the monitoring and control aspect, we establish the layered and distributed architecture of the computer network based on the pattern of DCS by the configure software, and developed the communication software among the multi-stations and between the instruments and the PC. In the water works control aspect, modifying the valve by the effective algorithm can lighten the pipe's pressure in order to resolve the water hammer defensive problem.
This paper's main task include:
In the aspect of the network communication and database application, To satisfy the demands of the works, the software of sustaining DDE is worked out , which realizes the DDE with the configure software, so the problem that the instruments' protocols do not match to the configure software's is solved; we work out the software of collecting datum information from the instruments on the RS-485 bus; the software of transferring information by the telephony network is worked out, and the software of alarm by beep-pager is work out too ; the software of database report with the performance of supporting COM, by which the engineers can visit the field database everywhere in the world ; the software that the two servers are redundant mutually is developed; some ladder program of PLC is developed and the MegaBasic software is developed which collects datum information from the instruments on the RS-485 bus.
In the aspect of the water works, this paper involves the emulation of the valve control, and the emulation of the partial differential equation of the water hammer models.
Aiming to the practical problem of the Yinzhujixing works, a lot of software developments and hardware experiments have been done. A satisfying result is obtained . The tasks above offer a lot of practical experiences by which the works can carry on smoothly.
水利工程中的水锤现象和控制对策一直是水利工程及其自动化的重要研究课题。水锤对输水管道的危害性很大，严重时可以使管道破裂。研究管道系统的水力过渡过程，通过控制水锤的规模，为管道提供有效的防护措施，可以提高水利工程的安全性，降低工程投资。
本论文来源于河北省邢台市“引朱济邢”输水工程。在工程中采用计算机监控系统，以满足水利控制的可靠性及自动化管理水平的严格要求。论文分为两个部分，在计算机监控方面，以GE Fanuc公司的组态软件Cimplicity为基础，构造了基于DCS模式的分层分布式计算机监控网络结构。开发出多站点间、工业仪表与站点间的通讯软件。在水利控制方面，针对工程中需要重点解决的水锤防护问题，采取有效的控制算法，通过控制阀门开度来调节管道流量，达到减轻管道承受的压力的目的。
本论文研究工作主要包括：
1．在网络通讯和数据库方面，开发了支持DDE通讯方式的软件组件，实现和组态软件Cimplicity的DDE通讯，基于RS_485总线的采集智能仪表数据的软件组件，解决了设计院所提供的智能仪表和Cimplicity在通讯协议方面不一致的问题；公用电话网数据传送的软件组件，和寻呼机报警的软件组件；基于Access数据库打印报表的软件组件和与Internet Explore软件兼容的数据报表，使用户可以在任何地方，通过Internet访问现场数据库的内容；上位机双机冗余的软件组件；开发了PLC控制器的部分梯形图，利用PLC的PCM模块采集RS-485仪表数据的MegaBasic软件。
2．在水利工程方面的工作，进行了阀门控制过程计算机仿真，以及水锤模型方程的选定、求解和计算机仿真。
本文所做工作是针对“引朱济邢”工程中提出的实际问题，进行软件开发和硬件试验。工作取得了满意的结果，为“引朱济邢”输水工程的计算机监控系统的顺利实施提供了实践经验。
The monitoring and control system plays an important role in the industrial control fields, which can provide the system with higher reliability and higher stability. The monitoring and control system involves a lot of scientific fields. Because of the system's complexity , The monitoring and control system is the important research task in domestic automatization fields at all times.
The computer control technology and the computer network technology are applied to the monitoring ^ control and management of water works, which can be propitious to improving the level of the monitoring and control system of the water works and improving the water works reliability ,which has the practical significance. In the recent few years , the domestic water works and the hydropower plants introduce the monitoring and control system, which has improved the whole level of the water conservation's serving the society.
The water hammer and the water hammer's control measures are the important research task of the field of the water works and the water works automatization .The water hammer does great harm to the pipeline, and especially breaks the pipe. Researching the water power's transitional process may improve the water works' security and reduce the investment by controlling the water hammer's harm and providing the effective defensive measures.
This paper is from the Yinzhujixing water works. In order to meet the demand of the water power control and automation management, the monitoring and control system is introduced. The paper includes two aspects. In the monitoring and control aspect, we establish the layered and distributed architecture of the computer network based on the pattern of DCS by the configure software, and developed the communication software among the multi-stations and between the instruments and the PC. In the water works control aspect, modifying the valve by the effective algorithm can lighten the pipe's pressure in order to resolve the water hammer defensive problem.
This paper's main task include:
In the aspect of the network communication and database application, To satisfy the demands of the works, the software of sustaining DDE is worked out , which realizes the DDE with the configure software, so the problem that the instruments' protocols do not match to the configure software's is solved; we work out the software of collecting datum information from the instruments on the RS-485 bus; the software of transferring information by the telephony network is worked out, and the software of alarm by beep-pager is work out too ; the software of database report with the performance of supporting COM, by which the engineers can visit the field database everywhere in the world ; the software that the two servers are redundant mutually is developed; some ladder program of PLC is developed and the MegaBasic software is developed which collects datum information from the instruments on the RS-485 bus.
In the aspect of the water works, this paper involves the emulation of the valve control, and the emulation of the partial differential equation of the water hammer models.
Aiming to the practical problem of the Yinzhujixing works, a lot of software developments and hardware experiments have been done. A satisfying result is obtained . The tasks above offer a lot of practical experiences by which the works can carry on smoothly.
引文
[1]张民．网络信息系统在水利上的应用．北京水利．1997．4 (30～32)
[2]蒋东兴 Windows Sockets网络程序设计大全．清华大学出版社 1998．7 P4
[3]倪远平 罗毅平 计算机控制技术．重庆大学出版社 1997．6：(1～2)，(166)
[4]引朱济邢输水工程微机监控系统工程设计说明．水利部河北水利水电勘测设计研究院 2000．3 引朱济邢输水工程计算机监控系统方案．水利部河北水利水电勘测设计研究院．2001．7
[5]何克忠 李伟 计算机控制系统，清华大学出版社 1998．4：(38，51，74，15，20，349)
[6][英]考蒂塔斯著，郝中堂 杨德铨 译．计算水利学基础．水利电力出版社 1987．5 (67)
[7]谢水波 张浩江 停泵水锤电算中的几个问题．给水排水 Vol．26 No．2 2000
[8][日]竹中利夫，蒲田英三．液压流体力学．科学出版社，1980
[9]戴有炜 Windows NT Server 实用指南4．0．清华大学出版社 1998．2 (26)
[10]Raj Rajagopal, Subodh P.Monica Windows NT4 Advanced Programming 1998.5 (521)
[11]薛静锋 Visual C++ 6．0高级开发教程 人民邮电出版社．1999．9 (366)
[12]Richard C.Leinecker & Tom Archer Visual C++ Bible Publishing House of Electronincs Industry. 1999.7 (665)
[13]潘爱民 COM原理与应用 清华大学出版社．1999．6 (11，12，14)
[14]闻怡洋 Winsock介绍．http://www.vchelp.net/
[15]阎常友 顾颖萌 用 VC++6．0和GE Fanuc Cimplicity软件DDE通讯．微计算机信息．2001．9(41,42)
[16]郑莉玲，王胜军 特殊水锤防护措施在小浪底电站技术供水系统中的应用．大电机技术．2000．4(40～42)
[17]杨俭安，王政雄 压力管路中的水击现象及其影响．Power Equipment. 1998．1(30～34)
[18]于永海 张乃国 周济人 带有长进水管的泵系统事故停泵水锤分析．水利水电技术．2000．7(25～28)
[19]David Bennett Visual C++5 Developer's Guide机械工业出版社(中文版)，1998．6 Sams Publishing(English language edition)，1997
[20]刘芝权 赵玉双 Windows 2000实用组网技术．清华大学出版社．2000．5
[21]程远楚 水电站水击通用计算程序设计．水电站设计．Vol 13．2 1997．6
[22]杨小枫 张佐 吴秋峰 徐文立．企业网的组成技术．测控技术．1998．Vol 17．4 (10～12)
[23]林强 阳宪惠 徐用懋 现场总线及其网络集成．测控技术．Vol 18．5 1999 (24～26)
[24]潘荫荣 黄勇 胡幼华 基于ACCESS 2000的活动服务页(ASP)的应用技术．嵌入式系统论文集．2000．11 (263～266)
[25]吴家明 用ActiveX/Web技术实现数据采集的远程监控．嵌入式系统论文集．2000．11(91～95)
[26]王凌峰 工业测控软件中报警系统的设计与实现 测控技术．2000．Vol 19．2
[27]张祖莲 水锤波速不定性对水锤压力的影响 云南工业大学学报 1998 Vol．14 No．2
[28]俞金寿 何衍庆 集散控制系统原理及应用 化学工业出版社 1995．8
[29]吴建中 葛少云 配电网信息管理系统的组件化设计与实现 Vol．25 2001．6．10
[30]蒙己正 MATLAB 5．X应用与技巧．北京：科学技术出版社．1999
[31]刘俭 MATLAB应用程序接口用户指南．北京科学技术出版社．2001
[32]江泽涛 集散式热处理网络测控与管理系统．测控技术．2000．19．4
[33]郑宗汉 一个DCS系统软件体系的设计．微计算机信息．2001 Vol 17 No．1
[34]郑文波 网络技术与控制系统的技术创新．测控技术．2000．Vol 19．6
[35]刘华 鞠小明 陈家远 供水管道系统的水力过渡过程研究 四川联合大学学报 1999．Vol 3．No．1
[36]王树清 赵鹏程 集散型计算机控制系统(DCS) 浙江工业大学出版社
[37]曹建 ASP实例教程 电子工业出版社．2000．12．
[38]Corry, Mayfield, Cadman COM/DCOM编程指南 清华大学出版社 2000．1
[39]余鹰 梁刚 Visual C++实践与提高 中国铁道出版社 2001．2
[40]宇鹏 王晓峰 Visual C++实践与提高 中国铁道出版社 2001．1
[41]陈建春 Visual C++开发GIS系统—开发实例剖析 电子工业出版社．2000．9
[42]于毅夫 NARI Access计算机监控系统在叙利亚笛什林水电站成功投运 水电厂自动化 2000．4
[43]谷保山 Visual C++6．0编程与实例 科学出版社 1999．11
[44]Mary Kirtland Designing Component-Based Applications. Microsoft Press，1999．10
[45]涂海燕 VC环境下用Winsock实现网络通讯 电子技术 2000．12
[2]蒋东兴 Windows Sockets网络程序设计大全．清华大学出版社 1998．7 P4
[3]倪远平 罗毅平 计算机控制技术．重庆大学出版社 1997．6：(1～2)，(166)
[4]引朱济邢输水工程微机监控系统工程设计说明．水利部河北水利水电勘测设计研究院 2000．3 引朱济邢输水工程计算机监控系统方案．水利部河北水利水电勘测设计研究院．2001．7
[5]何克忠 李伟 计算机控制系统，清华大学出版社 1998．4：(38，51，74，15，20，349)
[6][英]考蒂塔斯著，郝中堂 杨德铨 译．计算水利学基础．水利电力出版社 1987．5 (67)
[7]谢水波 张浩江 停泵水锤电算中的几个问题．给水排水 Vol．26 No．2 2000
[8][日]竹中利夫，蒲田英三．液压流体力学．科学出版社，1980
[9]戴有炜 Windows NT Server 实用指南4．0．清华大学出版社 1998．2 (26)
[10]Raj Rajagopal, Subodh P.Monica Windows NT4 Advanced Programming 1998.5 (521)
[11]薛静锋 Visual C++ 6．0高级开发教程 人民邮电出版社．1999．9 (366)
[12]Richard C.Leinecker & Tom Archer Visual C++ Bible Publishing House of Electronincs Industry. 1999.7 (665)
[13]潘爱民 COM原理与应用 清华大学出版社．1999．6 (11，12，14)
[14]闻怡洋 Winsock介绍．http://www.vchelp.net/
[15]阎常友 顾颖萌 用 VC++6．0和GE Fanuc Cimplicity软件DDE通讯．微计算机信息．2001．9(41,42)
[16]郑莉玲，王胜军 特殊水锤防护措施在小浪底电站技术供水系统中的应用．大电机技术．2000．4(40～42)
[17]杨俭安，王政雄 压力管路中的水击现象及其影响．Power Equipment. 1998．1(30～34)
[18]于永海 张乃国 周济人 带有长进水管的泵系统事故停泵水锤分析．水利水电技术．2000．7(25～28)
[19]David Bennett Visual C++5 Developer's Guide机械工业出版社(中文版)，1998．6 Sams Publishing(English language edition)，1997
[20]刘芝权 赵玉双 Windows 2000实用组网技术．清华大学出版社．2000．5
[21]程远楚 水电站水击通用计算程序设计．水电站设计．Vol 13．2 1997．6
[22]杨小枫 张佐 吴秋峰 徐文立．企业网的组成技术．测控技术．1998．Vol 17．4 (10～12)
[23]林强 阳宪惠 徐用懋 现场总线及其网络集成．测控技术．Vol 18．5 1999 (24～26)
[24]潘荫荣 黄勇 胡幼华 基于ACCESS 2000的活动服务页(ASP)的应用技术．嵌入式系统论文集．2000．11 (263～266)
[25]吴家明 用ActiveX/Web技术实现数据采集的远程监控．嵌入式系统论文集．2000．11(91～95)
[26]王凌峰 工业测控软件中报警系统的设计与实现 测控技术．2000．Vol 19．2
[27]张祖莲 水锤波速不定性对水锤压力的影响 云南工业大学学报 1998 Vol．14 No．2
[28]俞金寿 何衍庆 集散控制系统原理及应用 化学工业出版社 1995．8
[29]吴建中 葛少云 配电网信息管理系统的组件化设计与实现 Vol．25 2001．6．10
[30]蒙己正 MATLAB 5．X应用与技巧．北京：科学技术出版社．1999
[31]刘俭 MATLAB应用程序接口用户指南．北京科学技术出版社．2001
[32]江泽涛 集散式热处理网络测控与管理系统．测控技术．2000．19．4
[33]郑宗汉 一个DCS系统软件体系的设计．微计算机信息．2001 Vol 17 No．1
[34]郑文波 网络技术与控制系统的技术创新．测控技术．2000．Vol 19．6
[35]刘华 鞠小明 陈家远 供水管道系统的水力过渡过程研究 四川联合大学学报 1999．Vol 3．No．1
[36]王树清 赵鹏程 集散型计算机控制系统(DCS) 浙江工业大学出版社
[37]曹建 ASP实例教程 电子工业出版社．2000．12．
[38]Corry, Mayfield, Cadman COM/DCOM编程指南 清华大学出版社 2000．1
[39]余鹰 梁刚 Visual C++实践与提高 中国铁道出版社 2001．2
[40]宇鹏 王晓峰 Visual C++实践与提高 中国铁道出版社 2001．1
[41]陈建春 Visual C++开发GIS系统—开发实例剖析 电子工业出版社．2000．9
[42]于毅夫 NARI Access计算机监控系统在叙利亚笛什林水电站成功投运 水电厂自动化 2000．4
[43]谷保山 Visual C++6．0编程与实例 科学出版社 1999．11
[44]Mary Kirtland Designing Component-Based Applications. Microsoft Press，1999．10
[45]涂海燕 VC环境下用Winsock实现网络通讯 电子技术 2000．12