胡宁病毒核蛋白结构与功能的研究
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摘要
胡宁病毒被认为是致命的阿根廷出血热的病原体。该种疾病严重威胁公众健康安全,并导致超过五百万人陷于疾病威胁之中。由于其传播途径为依靠飞沫传播,故被认为是一种潜在的生化武器而更加受到各方重视。胡宁病毒是一种负义单链RNA病毒,隶属于沙粒病毒科沙粒病毒属。其基因组由两段组成,合成四种蛋白质。在这四种蛋白质中,核蛋白在病毒RNA合成以及针对宿主的免疫抑制等方面均发挥重要作用。但人们对其具体的分子作用机制知之甚少。迄今为止,已有多种负链RNA病毒的核蛋白结构得到解析,但就沙粒病毒科而言,却只有拉沙热病毒的核蛋白已经解析结构。在本论文中,我们解析了沙粒病毒科另一种重要病毒——胡宁病毒的核蛋白C端结构域的结构,其分辨率达到2.2A。这一结构与拉沙热病毒核蛋白的C端结构域有许多相似之处,却也包含不同之处。该研究拓展了我们对负义单链RNA病毒核蛋白的认识。
2003年,严重急性呼吸系统综合征的爆发对世界各国均造成了巨大危害。其病原体被认定为是冠状病毒的一种：SARS冠状病毒。该病毒基因组可产生十六种非结构蛋白质,用于病毒的复制与转录工作。其中,非结构蛋白8被认为是该病毒的引物酶。它为该病毒的RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(非结构蛋白12)生产并提供引物。它同时也是该病毒的第二种RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RdRp)。SARS冠状病毒的非结构蛋白7与非结构蛋白8可以形成一个十六聚体的超级复合物。其结构不同于普通RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶的结构,暗示其独特的工作机制。在本论文中,我们解析了非结构蛋白7与非结构蛋白8C端结构域的复合物结构,并依据体内实验证据和结构信息,提出了在非结构蛋白8C端结构域参与调节下的冠状病毒引物酶超级复合物工作机制的模型,该模型为抗冠状病毒药物的研制提供了依据,进而为控制并遏制致命的SARS冠状病毒及其类似物的传播提供帮助。
Junin virus (JUNV) has been identified as the etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), which is a serious public health problem with approximately5million people at risk. It is treated as a potential bioterrorism agent because of its rapid transmission by aerosols. JUNV is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) virus that belongs to the genus Arenavirus within the family Arenaviridae, and its genomic RNA contains two segments encoding four proteins. Among these, the nucleoprotein (NP) has essential roles in viral RNA synthesis and immune suppression, but the molecular mechanisms of its actions are only partially understood. To date, several NP structures of-ssRNA viruses have been reported but the only structure in the family Arenaviridae is the Lassa fever virus (LASV) NP. Here, we determined a2.2A crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of JUNV NP. This structure showed high similarity to the LASV NP C-terminal domain. However, both the structure and function of JUNV NP showed differences compared with LASV NP. This study extends our structural insight into the-ssRNA virus NPs.
SARS-coronavirus has been identified as the etiological agent of a SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrom) outbreak spreading over the world in2003. This coronavirus could generate sixteen nonstructural proteins for the replication and transcription of the virus genome. Among these proteins, nonstructural protein8(nsp8) is a second RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that produces primers utilized by nsp12which is considered to be the canonical RdRp for SARS coronavirus. SARS coronavirus nonstructural proteins7(nsp7) and8(nsp8) form a primase supercomplex which is a unique structure implicating a distinctive mechanism of RdRp in coronaviruses. Here, we confirmed that the proteolysis product of nsp8contains the globular domain-nsp8C, and indentified the resection site that is notably conserved in coronaviruses. We subsequently crystallized the complex of SARS-CoV nsp8C and nsp7, and the3-D structure of this domain revealed its capability to interfuse into the hexadecamer supercomplex. This specific proteolysis may indicate one possible mechanism by which coronaviruses switch from viral infection to genome replication and viral assembly stages.
2003年,严重急性呼吸系统综合征的爆发对世界各国均造成了巨大危害。其病原体被认定为是冠状病毒的一种：SARS冠状病毒。该病毒基因组可产生十六种非结构蛋白质,用于病毒的复制与转录工作。其中,非结构蛋白8被认为是该病毒的引物酶。它为该病毒的RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(非结构蛋白12)生产并提供引物。它同时也是该病毒的第二种RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶(RdRp)。SARS冠状病毒的非结构蛋白7与非结构蛋白8可以形成一个十六聚体的超级复合物。其结构不同于普通RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶的结构,暗示其独特的工作机制。在本论文中,我们解析了非结构蛋白7与非结构蛋白8C端结构域的复合物结构,并依据体内实验证据和结构信息,提出了在非结构蛋白8C端结构域参与调节下的冠状病毒引物酶超级复合物工作机制的模型,该模型为抗冠状病毒药物的研制提供了依据,进而为控制并遏制致命的SARS冠状病毒及其类似物的传播提供帮助。
Junin virus (JUNV) has been identified as the etiological agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF), which is a serious public health problem with approximately5million people at risk. It is treated as a potential bioterrorism agent because of its rapid transmission by aerosols. JUNV is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) virus that belongs to the genus Arenavirus within the family Arenaviridae, and its genomic RNA contains two segments encoding four proteins. Among these, the nucleoprotein (NP) has essential roles in viral RNA synthesis and immune suppression, but the molecular mechanisms of its actions are only partially understood. To date, several NP structures of-ssRNA viruses have been reported but the only structure in the family Arenaviridae is the Lassa fever virus (LASV) NP. Here, we determined a2.2A crystal structure of the C-terminal domain of JUNV NP. This structure showed high similarity to the LASV NP C-terminal domain. However, both the structure and function of JUNV NP showed differences compared with LASV NP. This study extends our structural insight into the-ssRNA virus NPs.
SARS-coronavirus has been identified as the etiological agent of a SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrom) outbreak spreading over the world in2003. This coronavirus could generate sixteen nonstructural proteins for the replication and transcription of the virus genome. Among these proteins, nonstructural protein8(nsp8) is a second RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) that produces primers utilized by nsp12which is considered to be the canonical RdRp for SARS coronavirus. SARS coronavirus nonstructural proteins7(nsp7) and8(nsp8) form a primase supercomplex which is a unique structure implicating a distinctive mechanism of RdRp in coronaviruses. Here, we confirmed that the proteolysis product of nsp8contains the globular domain-nsp8C, and indentified the resection site that is notably conserved in coronaviruses. We subsequently crystallized the complex of SARS-CoV nsp8C and nsp7, and the3-D structure of this domain revealed its capability to interfuse into the hexadecamer supercomplex. This specific proteolysis may indicate one possible mechanism by which coronaviruses switch from viral infection to genome replication and viral assembly stages.
引文
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