潜江凹陷盐间非砂岩油藏评价与开发技术研究
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摘要
潜江凹陷盐间非砂岩油藏既是国内外十分罕见又是对江汉油田的增储上产以及可持续发展具有重要现实意义的一种特殊油藏。对于尚处于科研攻关与现场试验阶段的盐间非砂岩油藏,迫切需要形成一套盐间特殊油藏评价与开发技术,为有效动用盐间非砂岩油藏储量提供决策依据。本文重点围绕储层识别与评价、储层改造、完井方式、开发方式等方面存在的问题开展研究,在油藏评价和开发配套技术方面取得了一定的阶段性认识和成果。
在油藏评价方面,在综合岩心、地质、测井、生产动态等资料基础上,以测井资料分析为依托,一是结合岩心分析资料,通过岩心精细归位和岩电关系研究,首次建立了盐间非砂岩岩性识别标准;二是在岩性研究的基础上,结合沉积环境,开展岩相研究,研究表明盐间非砂岩岩相呈一定规律变化,并以泥质白云岩相、泥质钙芒硝岩相最为有利。三是根据储集空间类型,划分出3种主要的储层类型:裂缝-孔隙型、裂缝型、孔隙型,明确了各类储层的测井响应特征;四是开展油层识别、评价,首次初步建立了盐间非砂岩油层的测井解释标准,通过对潜三下段石油地质储量开展计算和评价,并优选地质储量编制开发方案。
在开发配套技术方面,一是通过储层敏感性评价,指出应力敏感性对无骨架支撑的盐间储层开发影响最大,在试油试采中应严格控制生产压差,避免油层伤害。二是通过各类完井方式的对比结合矿场实践,找出了合理的三种完井方式,即先期短裸眼、套管射孔、套管+膨胀管;三是在以往分析增产措施效果的基础上,完成了低伤害缓速酸液配方的研究,为有针对性的储层改造奠定了基础;四是开展不同沉积微相类型、不同岩性组合条件下油井试油试采分析,结合敏感性评价、水驱油试验等研究成果,明确了盐间特殊油藏开发方式应立足于注水开发,后期采用气水交替的方式进行,以获得较高的采收率。
在研究期同步开展了开展矿场先导性试验,并取得了一定的效果。
Non-sandstone Reservoirs between salt beds are very rare not only at home and abroad, but also very important to the sustainable development of Jianghan oil field. It is still at the stage of the scientific research and field-tests on non-sandstone reservoirs between salt beds. We urgently need to develop a set of suitable technology, used by decision-making of the development of Non-sandstone Reservoirs. Some basic researches have been done in this paper, focus on reservoir evaluation, reservoir stimulation, completion, and development scheme etc. Some primary achievements have been gained.
As for the reservoir evaluation, at first, started with basic data such as core analysis, geological, mud logging and well logging, the standard of lithology identification has been established by the study on core location and rock-electricity relation; The second, based on the lithology analysis, some changes in law of sedimentary microfacies have been showed in the sedimentary environment, muddy glauberite faces and muddy dolomite faces in six kinds of lithology are good to trap oil-gas. The third, according to the analysis of reservoir space type, reservoir types are divided into three types: pore type reservoir, fracture type reservoir and fractured-porous reservoir, which have different logging response characteristics. The last, the standard of welllogging interpretation was established by the study on reservoir identification and reservoir evaluation, oil reserves in place was calculated as 1152×10~4 t, and used for the studing oilfield development scheme.
As for The development technology, at first, sensitivity test proved that stress sensitivity is bad for the reservoir development. So pressure control must be carried on to avoid reservoir damage. The second, three kinds of the compliton types, short open-hole complirion, casing compliton, casing plus expandable compliton,were suitable for the development of non-sandstone reservoirs. The third,based on the analysis of stimulation,low-damage acidizing fluid was developed for the non-sandstone reservoirs. The last, started at analysis of welltesting in different litholoies and different lithofacies, sensitivity test, waterflooding test, basic data such as core analysis, geological, mud logging and well logging, reservoir development method should be stand on waterflooding. Gas-water alternative injection can be used to enhance oil recovery.
The pilot test was carried on and some good results were achieved during research.
在油藏评价方面,在综合岩心、地质、测井、生产动态等资料基础上,以测井资料分析为依托,一是结合岩心分析资料,通过岩心精细归位和岩电关系研究,首次建立了盐间非砂岩岩性识别标准;二是在岩性研究的基础上,结合沉积环境,开展岩相研究,研究表明盐间非砂岩岩相呈一定规律变化,并以泥质白云岩相、泥质钙芒硝岩相最为有利。三是根据储集空间类型,划分出3种主要的储层类型:裂缝-孔隙型、裂缝型、孔隙型,明确了各类储层的测井响应特征;四是开展油层识别、评价,首次初步建立了盐间非砂岩油层的测井解释标准,通过对潜三下段石油地质储量开展计算和评价,并优选地质储量编制开发方案。
在开发配套技术方面,一是通过储层敏感性评价,指出应力敏感性对无骨架支撑的盐间储层开发影响最大,在试油试采中应严格控制生产压差,避免油层伤害。二是通过各类完井方式的对比结合矿场实践,找出了合理的三种完井方式,即先期短裸眼、套管射孔、套管+膨胀管;三是在以往分析增产措施效果的基础上,完成了低伤害缓速酸液配方的研究,为有针对性的储层改造奠定了基础;四是开展不同沉积微相类型、不同岩性组合条件下油井试油试采分析,结合敏感性评价、水驱油试验等研究成果,明确了盐间特殊油藏开发方式应立足于注水开发,后期采用气水交替的方式进行,以获得较高的采收率。
在研究期同步开展了开展矿场先导性试验,并取得了一定的效果。
Non-sandstone Reservoirs between salt beds are very rare not only at home and abroad, but also very important to the sustainable development of Jianghan oil field. It is still at the stage of the scientific research and field-tests on non-sandstone reservoirs between salt beds. We urgently need to develop a set of suitable technology, used by decision-making of the development of Non-sandstone Reservoirs. Some basic researches have been done in this paper, focus on reservoir evaluation, reservoir stimulation, completion, and development scheme etc. Some primary achievements have been gained.
As for the reservoir evaluation, at first, started with basic data such as core analysis, geological, mud logging and well logging, the standard of lithology identification has been established by the study on core location and rock-electricity relation; The second, based on the lithology analysis, some changes in law of sedimentary microfacies have been showed in the sedimentary environment, muddy glauberite faces and muddy dolomite faces in six kinds of lithology are good to trap oil-gas. The third, according to the analysis of reservoir space type, reservoir types are divided into three types: pore type reservoir, fracture type reservoir and fractured-porous reservoir, which have different logging response characteristics. The last, the standard of welllogging interpretation was established by the study on reservoir identification and reservoir evaluation, oil reserves in place was calculated as 1152×10~4 t, and used for the studing oilfield development scheme.
As for The development technology, at first, sensitivity test proved that stress sensitivity is bad for the reservoir development. So pressure control must be carried on to avoid reservoir damage. The second, three kinds of the compliton types, short open-hole complirion, casing compliton, casing plus expandable compliton,were suitable for the development of non-sandstone reservoirs. The third,based on the analysis of stimulation,low-damage acidizing fluid was developed for the non-sandstone reservoirs. The last, started at analysis of welltesting in different litholoies and different lithofacies, sensitivity test, waterflooding test, basic data such as core analysis, geological, mud logging and well logging, reservoir development method should be stand on waterflooding. Gas-water alternative injection can be used to enhance oil recovery.
The pilot test was carried on and some good results were achieved during research.
引文
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