不同孔径下瓦斯流动机理及模型研究
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摘要
瓦斯灾害一直是威胁煤矿安全生产的主要灾害之一,同时瓦斯也是21世纪战略性接替能源,但在其开采、治理过程中发生的吸附、解吸、扩散和渗流机理认识仍不清晰。基于前人研究成果,本文进行了以下工作:
1、介绍了煤的三维交联大分子结构,其中一些小分子量原子基团影响着对瓦斯气体的吸附。
2、总结了煤层裂隙、孔隙分类,依据其物理特性和二者构成的网络结构,论述了孔隙、裂隙系统在瓦斯气体吸附及质量传递过程中的不同作用。
3、探讨了煤瓦斯之间的吸附作用,估算了煤与瓦斯分子吸附势。讨论了瓦斯的扩散类型:Fick扩散、Knudsen扩散、过渡型扩散、表面扩散和晶体扩散;指出考虑气体可压缩性、储层压力和温度等因素影响,按诺森数来判断扩散类型并不合适;提出了扩散系数公式: D = (1 -ω)D_(fe) +ωD_(ne) + D_(se) + D_C。探讨了气体流动过程中的滑脱效应。
4、论述了瓦斯解吸、扩散、渗流运移机理,推导了可压缩气体的达西定律,建立了考虑滑脱作用下的瓦斯渗流扩散数学模型。
5、探讨了区别于等效连续介质假设的离散裂隙网络渗流理论,引入图论方法,建立了离散裂隙网络渗流模型,应用Matlab软件编制了模型求解程序。通过算例模拟验证了应用离散裂隙网络流动模型求解流体在煤岩体中流动的可行性。
Coalbed methane disaster is always one of the main disasters to threaten the security of coal mine in the coal exploitation, but at the same time coalbed methane is the strategic alternative energy in 21st century. A lot of research has been done on this alternative energy, but until now some problems still remain unsolved, such as the absorption, desorption, diffusion essence in the process of exploration and control. Based on the previous research done by other scholars, this thesis focuses on the following:
1.The structure of three-dimensional cross-link giant molecules and the impact of small molecular atomic ground group on the absorption of coalbed methane are introduced.
2.Different classifications of coalbed fractures and pores fracture is summarized, the different roles of pores and fractures system are illustrated in coalbed methane absorption and mass transition, based on the physical characteristics and the construction network structure.
3.The absorption between coal and methane is investigated and the adsorption potential of coal and methane is calculated; the different types of absorption: Fick diffusion, Knudsen diffusion, Transitional diffusion, Surface diffusion, and Crystal diffusion are discussed. To judge the types of absorption with Knudsen number is not appropriate on the basis of factors, such as the impacts of gas compressibility, reservoir pressure and temperature; the absorption coeffient formulae: D = (1 -ω)D_(fe) +ωD_(ne) + D_(se) + D_C is developed. The gas’s slippage effects is investigated.
4.The methane desorption, diffusion and seepage flow essence of coalbed methane is explored , the Gas’s Darcy Law is deduced; the mathematic model of methane seepage diffusion is established, with the factor of slippery under consideration.
5.The diffusion fracture network seepage flow theory which is different from continuous media is discussed; the model of diffusion fracture network seepage flow is set up by the graph method, the program of solving the model is written by Matlab software. The feasibility of using the model to solve the flow of fluid in coal rock mass is testified.
1、介绍了煤的三维交联大分子结构,其中一些小分子量原子基团影响着对瓦斯气体的吸附。
2、总结了煤层裂隙、孔隙分类,依据其物理特性和二者构成的网络结构,论述了孔隙、裂隙系统在瓦斯气体吸附及质量传递过程中的不同作用。
3、探讨了煤瓦斯之间的吸附作用,估算了煤与瓦斯分子吸附势。讨论了瓦斯的扩散类型:Fick扩散、Knudsen扩散、过渡型扩散、表面扩散和晶体扩散;指出考虑气体可压缩性、储层压力和温度等因素影响,按诺森数来判断扩散类型并不合适;提出了扩散系数公式: D = (1 -ω)D_(fe) +ωD_(ne) + D_(se) + D_C。探讨了气体流动过程中的滑脱效应。
4、论述了瓦斯解吸、扩散、渗流运移机理,推导了可压缩气体的达西定律,建立了考虑滑脱作用下的瓦斯渗流扩散数学模型。
5、探讨了区别于等效连续介质假设的离散裂隙网络渗流理论,引入图论方法,建立了离散裂隙网络渗流模型,应用Matlab软件编制了模型求解程序。通过算例模拟验证了应用离散裂隙网络流动模型求解流体在煤岩体中流动的可行性。
Coalbed methane disaster is always one of the main disasters to threaten the security of coal mine in the coal exploitation, but at the same time coalbed methane is the strategic alternative energy in 21st century. A lot of research has been done on this alternative energy, but until now some problems still remain unsolved, such as the absorption, desorption, diffusion essence in the process of exploration and control. Based on the previous research done by other scholars, this thesis focuses on the following:
1.The structure of three-dimensional cross-link giant molecules and the impact of small molecular atomic ground group on the absorption of coalbed methane are introduced.
2.Different classifications of coalbed fractures and pores fracture is summarized, the different roles of pores and fractures system are illustrated in coalbed methane absorption and mass transition, based on the physical characteristics and the construction network structure.
3.The absorption between coal and methane is investigated and the adsorption potential of coal and methane is calculated; the different types of absorption: Fick diffusion, Knudsen diffusion, Transitional diffusion, Surface diffusion, and Crystal diffusion are discussed. To judge the types of absorption with Knudsen number is not appropriate on the basis of factors, such as the impacts of gas compressibility, reservoir pressure and temperature; the absorption coeffient formulae: D = (1 -ω)D_(fe) +ωD_(ne) + D_(se) + D_C is developed. The gas’s slippage effects is investigated.
4.The methane desorption, diffusion and seepage flow essence of coalbed methane is explored , the Gas’s Darcy Law is deduced; the mathematic model of methane seepage diffusion is established, with the factor of slippery under consideration.
5.The diffusion fracture network seepage flow theory which is different from continuous media is discussed; the model of diffusion fracture network seepage flow is set up by the graph method, the program of solving the model is written by Matlab software. The feasibility of using the model to solve the flow of fluid in coal rock mass is testified.
引文
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