三肇地区葡萄花油层储层参数及水淹层测井解释方法研究
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摘要
大庆采油八厂是较早进行注水开发的油田,经过基础井网、一次加密等开发阶段的调整,已经进入了高含水中后期开发阶段,由于注入水的影响,许多油田已经发生水淹,导致地层特性发生了变化,其岩石电学性质、孔隙结构和水动力学系统均处于动态的变化过程中,为了满足提交新增探明储量、储量复算及储层地质建模、精细地质描述等需求,本文针对三肇地区各个油田葡萄花油层储层特点和已有资料特征,以实验和岩心分析资料为基础,根据工区储层地质特点,采用不同的方法和技术,针对2套测井系列6个油田(区块)分别建立了适合研究区的孔隙度、渗透率、饱和度等储层参数计算模型,并以岩电实验分析结果和砂、泥岩剖面地层含水饱和度计算公式为基础,以密闭取心井的分析资料为检验标准,通过比较分析的方法确定含水饱和度计算模型。
针对宋芳屯油田和升平油田只储层非均质严重,沉积韵律类型多样,地层的岩性、物性的变化规律不同,总结了油田水淹后不同韵律地层水淹规律,从岩石物理实验、水驱实验和相渗实验入手,结合密闭取心资料以及加密调整井的生产数据,采用理论与实际相结合的方法,研究和总结工区水淹特征和水淹规律,形成了定性识别和定量计算判别水淹级别的方法,并以两个油田建立的水淹层评价方法为基础,研制了一套挂接在采油八厂测井人机交互解释系统上的处理软件,经过试用,效果明显。
通过研究,本文取得了如下认识：
1、由于储层的严重非均质,使得水淹出现严重的非均质现象。总体上,在高渗透层段水淹程度高,低渗透层段水淹程度低,厚层水淹程度高,薄层水淹程度低,且大部分薄层目前可能处于未水淹或低水淹。正韵律层一般下部先水淹。
2、根据不同的导电机理,理论模拟分析了混合液电阻率的变化规律,证明混合液电阻率与原生水、注入水电阻率、束缚水饱和度、残余油饱和度、当前含水饱和度有关,且具有分段特征。采用水分析资料、密闭取心资料的反算和MDT测试资料相结合的方法,取得不同水淹级别下的地层水电阻率值。可以有效解决了水淹层定量评价中的地层水电阻率取值问题。同时通过研究和实践证明用自然电位计算地层水电阻率的效果较差。
The eighth field of Daqing oil production is one of earlier waterflood development oil fields. After the rearrangement of the development phase the of basic well pattern and primary infill, now, it enters into the development phase of high water cut stage. As a result of the impact of injected water, many oil fields have been waterflooding and there is a change in formation characteristics:the electrical properties of rocks, pore configuration and hydrodynamic system are all in the process of dynamic change. In order to satisfy the demand for the submission of incremental explored reserves, the check of calculation of reserves, the establishment of geologic model of reservoir, delicate geologic description, in this paper, in view of Putaohua oil layer's reservoir trait in each oil field of Sanzhao region and the characteristics of the existing data, based on the test and the rock core analytical data as well as the reservoir trait under the work area. Using different methods and techniques and aiming at 2 sets of logging suite for six oil fields (block) to establish selectively for region of interest's porosity, permeability, saturation and other reservoir parameters calculation model. And based on the experimental analysis of electric rock and the arithmetic formula of formation water saturation of sand and mud stone profile to select analytical data as test, by means of the comparative analysis, we can found calculation model of water saturation.
Directing to the serious reservoir heterogeneity and the variety of the type of sedimentary as well as the different varied regularity of lithologic character and physical property, the postflood waterflooding law of different rhythm layers in oil fields was sumed up. On the one hand, starting from the physical experiments of rock、the experiments of waterflooding and the experiments of facies and penetration, on the other, combinating of sealed coring information and infilling adjustment well production data and using a combination of theory and practice of the method, research to summarize the characteristics and laws of workspace waterflooding and form a method of qualitative calculation and quantitative identification of discriminating the level of waterflooding. Based on the methods of the establishment of two oil fields in the water flooded layer, develop a set of software system which can apply for the well logging interactive interpretation system of the the eighth field. After trial, the effect is obvious.
Through research, this article has been made aware of the following:
The serious reservoir heterogeneity lead to a serious waterflooding phenomenon of nonuniformity. In general, the high degree of waterflooding lies in High permeability layer and the low permeability layer has the low level of waterflooding. In addition, in thick bed, the level of waterflooding is high and the level of waterflooding is low in the thin bed. Most of the thin beds may be in non-waterflooding or in the low level of waterflooding. The layers with positive rhythm often occur at the lower part of the layer.
According to different conductive mechanism, using theory to analogue and analyze the varied law of electric resistivity of the mixed liquid. Prove that the electric resistivity of the mixed liquid have something to do with the electric resistivity of the fossil water and the injected water, irreducible brine saturation, irreducible oil saturation, current water saturation, and with step shaped feature. Use water analysis date, sealed coring data backcalculation and MDT test data and the method of combining to get the date of formation water resistivity at the different level of waterflooding. We can resolve effectively the formation water resistivity value problem of the quantitative evaluation of the water flooded layer. At the same time, research and practice has proved that using natural potential to calculate the formation water resistivity is less effective.
针对宋芳屯油田和升平油田只储层非均质严重,沉积韵律类型多样,地层的岩性、物性的变化规律不同,总结了油田水淹后不同韵律地层水淹规律,从岩石物理实验、水驱实验和相渗实验入手,结合密闭取心资料以及加密调整井的生产数据,采用理论与实际相结合的方法,研究和总结工区水淹特征和水淹规律,形成了定性识别和定量计算判别水淹级别的方法,并以两个油田建立的水淹层评价方法为基础,研制了一套挂接在采油八厂测井人机交互解释系统上的处理软件,经过试用,效果明显。
通过研究,本文取得了如下认识：
1、由于储层的严重非均质,使得水淹出现严重的非均质现象。总体上,在高渗透层段水淹程度高,低渗透层段水淹程度低,厚层水淹程度高,薄层水淹程度低,且大部分薄层目前可能处于未水淹或低水淹。正韵律层一般下部先水淹。
2、根据不同的导电机理,理论模拟分析了混合液电阻率的变化规律,证明混合液电阻率与原生水、注入水电阻率、束缚水饱和度、残余油饱和度、当前含水饱和度有关,且具有分段特征。采用水分析资料、密闭取心资料的反算和MDT测试资料相结合的方法,取得不同水淹级别下的地层水电阻率值。可以有效解决了水淹层定量评价中的地层水电阻率取值问题。同时通过研究和实践证明用自然电位计算地层水电阻率的效果较差。
The eighth field of Daqing oil production is one of earlier waterflood development oil fields. After the rearrangement of the development phase the of basic well pattern and primary infill, now, it enters into the development phase of high water cut stage. As a result of the impact of injected water, many oil fields have been waterflooding and there is a change in formation characteristics:the electrical properties of rocks, pore configuration and hydrodynamic system are all in the process of dynamic change. In order to satisfy the demand for the submission of incremental explored reserves, the check of calculation of reserves, the establishment of geologic model of reservoir, delicate geologic description, in this paper, in view of Putaohua oil layer's reservoir trait in each oil field of Sanzhao region and the characteristics of the existing data, based on the test and the rock core analytical data as well as the reservoir trait under the work area. Using different methods and techniques and aiming at 2 sets of logging suite for six oil fields (block) to establish selectively for region of interest's porosity, permeability, saturation and other reservoir parameters calculation model. And based on the experimental analysis of electric rock and the arithmetic formula of formation water saturation of sand and mud stone profile to select analytical data as test, by means of the comparative analysis, we can found calculation model of water saturation.
Directing to the serious reservoir heterogeneity and the variety of the type of sedimentary as well as the different varied regularity of lithologic character and physical property, the postflood waterflooding law of different rhythm layers in oil fields was sumed up. On the one hand, starting from the physical experiments of rock、the experiments of waterflooding and the experiments of facies and penetration, on the other, combinating of sealed coring information and infilling adjustment well production data and using a combination of theory and practice of the method, research to summarize the characteristics and laws of workspace waterflooding and form a method of qualitative calculation and quantitative identification of discriminating the level of waterflooding. Based on the methods of the establishment of two oil fields in the water flooded layer, develop a set of software system which can apply for the well logging interactive interpretation system of the the eighth field. After trial, the effect is obvious.
Through research, this article has been made aware of the following:
The serious reservoir heterogeneity lead to a serious waterflooding phenomenon of nonuniformity. In general, the high degree of waterflooding lies in High permeability layer and the low permeability layer has the low level of waterflooding. In addition, in thick bed, the level of waterflooding is high and the level of waterflooding is low in the thin bed. Most of the thin beds may be in non-waterflooding or in the low level of waterflooding. The layers with positive rhythm often occur at the lower part of the layer.
According to different conductive mechanism, using theory to analogue and analyze the varied law of electric resistivity of the mixed liquid. Prove that the electric resistivity of the mixed liquid have something to do with the electric resistivity of the fossil water and the injected water, irreducible brine saturation, irreducible oil saturation, current water saturation, and with step shaped feature. Use water analysis date, sealed coring data backcalculation and MDT test data and the method of combining to get the date of formation water resistivity at the different level of waterflooding. We can resolve effectively the formation water resistivity value problem of the quantitative evaluation of the water flooded layer. At the same time, research and practice has proved that using natural potential to calculate the formation water resistivity is less effective.
引文
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