光催化与生化法组合处理难降解有机磷农药废水的研究
|
摘要
有机磷农药废水因为污染物浓度高，毒性大，可生化性差等特点，一直是废
水治理的一个难点。光催化技术作为一种先进的氧化技术，具有氧化能力强，二
次污染小，可以没有选择性地将各种污染物最终矿化为无机离子的优点具有光明
的前景。但是光催化法同生物法相比它的操作成本相对较高。生物处理法是目前
使用的最经济最环境友好的废水处理技术。因此在难降解废水处理领域这两种方
法组合处理系统比单一的处理过程更有发展潜力。
本文首先进行了光催化降解有机磷农药的研究，对光催化溶液的化学和生物
性质进行了分析，比较了几种先进的氧化方法的降解效率。随后对影响光催化效
率的因素如，催化剂本身的性质，溶液体系的 pH 值，光催化剂的投加浓度，光
强，外加氧化剂等进行了优化。通过测定样品的 BOD5和 COD 得知光催化后，
有机磷废水的可生化性得到了提高。在三相流化床生物反应器中进行了连续实
验，考察了光催化时间对废水生物处理的影响，实验结果也证明光催化与传统的
生化法结合处理难生物降解的有机磷废水是可行的。同时，在间歇式生物反应器
中考察了光催化 COD 去除率，光催化段加入 H2O2 对后续生物处理的影响。给
出了以 COD 去除表示的动力学方程，证明光催化阶段 COD 的去除符合拟一级
反应动力学，生物处理阶段 COD 的去除采用 Monod 方程，实验数据吻合的较好。
Organophosphorus pesticides wastewater was characterized as high
concentration of organic matter, high toxicity for biotic systems, biorecalcitrant, so it
is always a difficult mission for wastewater disposal. Photocatalysis as an advanced
oxidation processes is a very promising methods for its high oxidant power, no
secondary pollution, and no selectivity when completely mineralizing varies
pollutants to inorganic ions. But the operational costs are relatively high compared to
those of biological treatments, which are, at present, the cheapest and the most
compatible with the environment. So there are more potential advantages of the
combined process than of the single process in the non-biodegradable wastewater
treatment field.
The experiment of photocatalytic degradation of organophosphorus pesticides
was conducted. The chemical and biological characteristics of photocatalytic solutions
were analyzed, and the efficiency of several AOP was compared. Subsequently, the
effect of catalyst, pH, the concentration of catalyst, illumination intensity, H2O2 on the
degradation process was studied and the optimal conditions were found.
The result indicates that the biodegradability of photocatalytically treated
organophosphorus pesticides wastewater was enhanced by measuring the BOD5 and
COD of samples. The sequent experiment was implemented in gas-liquid-solid three
phase fludized bed bioreactor to investigate the influence of photocatalytic time on the
biological treatment, and the optimum photocatalytic time were acquired. The
experimental results also demonstrate that it is possible to combine photocatalysis
with conventional biological treatment for the remedy of wastewater containing
generally non-biodegradable organophosphorus pesticides. Meanwhile, the effect of
CODCr removal efficiency, and H2O2 added in the photocatalytic on biological
treatment was studied in the batch experiment.
The kinetic equation, expressed by the COD degradation, is given. The
photocatalytic degradation kinetics followed pseudo-first order reaction and the COD
degradation Monod equation is employed to achieve kinetics analysis in the biological
treatment. The experimental data were much well fitted with the model.
水治理的一个难点。光催化技术作为一种先进的氧化技术，具有氧化能力强，二
次污染小，可以没有选择性地将各种污染物最终矿化为无机离子的优点具有光明
的前景。但是光催化法同生物法相比它的操作成本相对较高。生物处理法是目前
使用的最经济最环境友好的废水处理技术。因此在难降解废水处理领域这两种方
法组合处理系统比单一的处理过程更有发展潜力。
本文首先进行了光催化降解有机磷农药的研究，对光催化溶液的化学和生物
性质进行了分析，比较了几种先进的氧化方法的降解效率。随后对影响光催化效
率的因素如，催化剂本身的性质，溶液体系的 pH 值，光催化剂的投加浓度，光
强，外加氧化剂等进行了优化。通过测定样品的 BOD5和 COD 得知光催化后，
有机磷废水的可生化性得到了提高。在三相流化床生物反应器中进行了连续实
验，考察了光催化时间对废水生物处理的影响，实验结果也证明光催化与传统的
生化法结合处理难生物降解的有机磷废水是可行的。同时，在间歇式生物反应器
中考察了光催化 COD 去除率，光催化段加入 H2O2 对后续生物处理的影响。给
出了以 COD 去除表示的动力学方程，证明光催化阶段 COD 的去除符合拟一级
反应动力学，生物处理阶段 COD 的去除采用 Monod 方程，实验数据吻合的较好。
Organophosphorus pesticides wastewater was characterized as high
concentration of organic matter, high toxicity for biotic systems, biorecalcitrant, so it
is always a difficult mission for wastewater disposal. Photocatalysis as an advanced
oxidation processes is a very promising methods for its high oxidant power, no
secondary pollution, and no selectivity when completely mineralizing varies
pollutants to inorganic ions. But the operational costs are relatively high compared to
those of biological treatments, which are, at present, the cheapest and the most
compatible with the environment. So there are more potential advantages of the
combined process than of the single process in the non-biodegradable wastewater
treatment field.
The experiment of photocatalytic degradation of organophosphorus pesticides
was conducted. The chemical and biological characteristics of photocatalytic solutions
were analyzed, and the efficiency of several AOP was compared. Subsequently, the
effect of catalyst, pH, the concentration of catalyst, illumination intensity, H2O2 on the
degradation process was studied and the optimal conditions were found.
The result indicates that the biodegradability of photocatalytically treated
organophosphorus pesticides wastewater was enhanced by measuring the BOD5 and
COD of samples. The sequent experiment was implemented in gas-liquid-solid three
phase fludized bed bioreactor to investigate the influence of photocatalytic time on the
biological treatment, and the optimum photocatalytic time were acquired. The
experimental results also demonstrate that it is possible to combine photocatalysis
with conventional biological treatment for the remedy of wastewater containing
generally non-biodegradable organophosphorus pesticides. Meanwhile, the effect of
CODCr removal efficiency, and H2O2 added in the photocatalytic on biological
treatment was studied in the batch experiment.
The kinetic equation, expressed by the COD degradation, is given. The
photocatalytic degradation kinetics followed pseudo-first order reaction and the COD
degradation Monod equation is employed to achieve kinetics analysis in the biological
treatment. The experimental data were much well fitted with the model.
引文
参考文献
[1] 徐忠娟，有机磷农药废水的预处理方法综述，扬州职业大学学报，2002，
6（2）：32-36
[2] 娄金生，王宇等编著，水污染治理新工艺与设计，北京：海洋出版社，
2002.223～224
[3] 赵金辉，罗启方，生物活性炭法处理环链结构有机磷农药废水的研究，
化工环保，1992，12：310-312
[4] 谢冰，史家梁，岳宝等，有机磷农药废水处理技术，化工环保，1999，4
（2）：89-92
[5] 赵庆祥，周钢，林哲等，有机磷农药废水碱性水解生物处理技术，城市
环境与城市生态，1993，6（1）：5-9
[6] 侯纪蓉，湿式氧化法处理乐果废水，化工环保，1999，2（1）：6-11
[7] 杨民，王贤高，杜鸿章等，催化湿式氧化处理农药废水的研究，工业水
处理，2002，22（4）：35-36
[8] Fujishima A, Honda K. Nature, Photolysis decomposition of water at the
surface of an irradiated semiconductor. Nature, 1972,238(5358): 37-38
[9] Fox M A, Dulay MY. Heterogeneous photocatalysis. Chemical Reviews, 1993,
93(1): 341-357
[10] Linsebiglar A L, Lu G, Yates J T. Photocatalysis on TiO2 surfaces. Principles,
mechanisms, and selected results, Chemical Reviews, 1995,95(3): 735-758
[11] Hoffmann M R, Martin S T, Wonyong Choi et al., Environmental application
of semiconductor photocatalysis, Chemical Reviews, 1995, 95(1): 69-96
[12] 董庆华，董玉琳，感光科学与光化学，半导体悬浮体系光催化分解有机
磷化合物，1992，10（1）：71-76
[13] Blake D M., Bibliography of Work on the Heterogeneous Photocatalytic
Removal of Hazardous Compounds from Water and Air. Colorado:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1999: 8-33
[14] Hagfeldt A, Graetzel M, Light-induced redox reactions in nanocrystalline
systems. Chemical reviews, 1995, 95: 49-68
[15] 雷乐成，汪大翚著，水处理高级氧化技术，化学工业出版社，2001
[16] Dietrich N J, Randall T L, Canney P J, Wet air oxidation of hazardous
organics in wastewater, Enviromental Progress, 1985, 4(3): 171-177
[17] 刘星娟，杜尧国，O3/UV 协同作用处理电影胶片洗印废水，环境工程，
1989，7（3）：8-11
66
参考文献
[18] Harbour J R, Hair M L, radical intermediates in the photosynthetic
generation of hydrogen peroxide with aqueous zinc oxide dispersions.
Journal of Physical and Chemistry, 1979,6: 652-656
[19] Ishibashi K, Fujishima A, Watanabe T et al., Quantum yields of active
oxidative species formed on TiO2 photocatalyst. Journal of Photochemistry
and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2000, 134(1-2): 139-142
[20] 俞传明，蒋伟川，不同光源下分散大红染料溶液的光催化降解，浙江工
业大学学报，1995，23（2）：130-135
[21] Bahnemann D, Bockelmann D, Golslich R, Mechanistic studies of water
detoxification in illuminated titania suspensions. Solar Energy Materials,
24:564
[22] Hashimoto K, Wasada K, Toukai N, Kominami H et al. Photocatalytic
oxidation of nitrogen monoxide over titanium(IV) oxide nanocrystals large
size areas. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2000,
136: 103-109
[23] Hsiao C Y，Lee C L, Ollis D F, heterogeneous photocatalysis: degradation of
dilute solutions of dichloromrthane(CH2Cl2),chloroform(CHCl3), and carbon
tetrachloride(CCl4)with illuminated photocatalyst, Journal of Catalysis,
1983,82: 418-423
[24] 何建波，张鑫，魏凤玉等，TiO2 薄膜晶相组成对苯胺光催化降解的影响，
应用化学，1999，165（5）：57-60
[25] 霍爱群，谭欣，丛培君等，纳米 TiO2－x 光催化膜中的缺陷结构与性能关
系初探，化学通报，1998，11：31-32
[26] Anpo M, Yamashita H, Ichihashi Y et al., Photocatalytic reduction of CO2
with H2O on various titanium oxide catalysts, Journal of Electroanalytical
Chemistry, 1995,396:21-26
[27] 张梅，杨绪杰，陆路德等，纳米 TiO2－一种性能优良的光催化剂，化工
新型材料，2000，28（4）：11-13，34
[28] 孙奉玉，吴鸣，李文钊，催化学报，1998，19（3）：129-133
[29] 陈小泉，纳米二氧化钛晶体合成新方法和自洁超亲水膜研究，[博士学
位论文]，广州：华南理工大学，2002
[30] Hoffman M , Martin S T, Choi W et al, Environmental applications of
semiconductor photocatalysis, Chemical Reviews, 1995,95:69-96
[31] 胡春,王怡中,汤鸿霄，多相光催化氧化的理论与实践进展，环境科学进
展，1995，3（1）：55-64
[32] 徐悦华，纳米二氧化钛光催化降解有机磷农药的研究，[博士学位论文]，
广州：华南理工大学，2001，42
67
参考文献
[33] 陈士夫，梁新，陶跃武等，空心玻璃微球负载 TiO2 光催化降解有机磷
农药，感光科学与光化学，1999，17（1）：85-91
[34] Malato S, Blanco J, C Richter, et al, Pre_industrial experience in solar
photocatalytic mineralization of real wastewaters. Application to pesticide
container recycling. Water Science and Technology, 1999,40(4-5): 123-130
[35] Abdullah M, Lew G K C, Matthews R W, Effect of common inorganic
anions on rates of photocatalytic oxidation of organic carbon over
illuminated titanium dioxide, Journal of Physical and Chemistry,
1990,94:6820-6825
[36] Ohtani B, Iwai K, Nishimoto S et al, Role of platinum deposits on titanium
oxide particles: structure and kinetic analyses of photocatalytic reaction in
aqueous alcohol and amino acid solution, Journal of Physical and Chemistry
B, 1997,101(7): 3349-3359
[37] Choi W, Termin A, Hoffmann M R, The role of metal ion dopants in
Quantum-sized TiO2: Correlation between photoreactivity and charge carrier
recombination dynamics, Journal of Physical and Chemistry, 1994,98(51):
13669-13679
[38] Hofstadler K, Bauer R, Novallc S et al, TiO2-assistec degradation of
environmentally relevant organic compounds in wastewater using a novel
fluidized bed photoreactor, Environmental Science&Technology,
1996,30:817-824
[39] Bandara J, Pulgarin C, Peringer P et al, Chemical (photo-activated) coupled
biological homogeneous degradation of p-nitro-o-toluene-sulfonic acid in a
flow reactor, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry:
1997, 111: 253-263
[40] Sarria V, Parra S, Adler N et al, Recent development in the coupling of
photoassisted and aerobic biological processes for the treatment of
biorecalcitrant compounds, Catalysis Today, 2002,76:301-315
[41] 李军，杨秀山，彭永臻编著，微生物与水处理工程，化学工业出版社，
2002，214-215
[42] Sigge G O, Britz T J, Fourie P C et al, Use of ozone and hydrogen peroxide
in the post-treatment of UASB treaten alkaline fruit cannery effluent, Water
Science and Technology, 2001, 44(5): 69-74
[43] Bertanza G, Collivignarelli C, Pedrazzani R, The role of chemical
oxidation in combined chemical-physical and biological process:experience
of industrial wastewater treatment, Water Science and Technology,
2001,44(5):109-116
[44] Zeng Y, Hong PKA, Wavrek DA, Chemical-biological treatment of pyrene,
Water Research, 2000,34(4): 1157-1172
68
参考文献
[45] Lu M C，Chen J N，pretreatment of pesticide wastewater by photocatalytic
oxidation, Water Science and Technology, 1997,36(2-3):117-122
[46] Pulgarin C, Invernizzi M, Parra S, Strategy for the coupling of
photochemical and biological flow reactors useful in mineralization of
biorecalcitrant industrial pollutants, Catalysis Today, 1999,54:341-352
[47] Sarria V, Deront M, Peringer P, Degradation of a biorecalcitrant dye
precursor present in industrial wastewaters by a new integrated iron (III)
photoassisted–biological treatment, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental,
2003, 40: 231–246
[48] Ledakowicz S, Solecka M, Zylla R, Biodegradation, decolourisation and
detoxification of textile wastewater enhanced by advanced oxidation
processes, Journal of Biotechnology, 2001, 89: 175–184
[49] Adams C D, Kuzhikannil J J, Effect of UV/H2O2 preoxidation on the aerobic
biodegradability of quaternary of quaternary amine surfactants, Water
Research, 2000,34(2): 668-672
[50]Reyes J, Dezotti M, Mansilla H et al., Biomass photochemistry-XXⅡ:
Combined photochemical and biological process for treatment of kraft E1
effluent. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 1998,15:211-219
[51] Herrmann J M, Guillard C, Arguekko M et al., Photocatalytic degradation of
pesticide pirimiphos-methyl determination of the reaction pathway and
identification of intermediate products by various analytical methods,
Catalysis Today, 1999, 54:353-367
[52] Tananka S, T Ichikawa, Effect of photolytic pretreatment on biodegration
and detoxification of surfactants in anaerobic digestion, Water Science and
Technology, 1993,28(7): 103-110
[53] Parra S ， Sarria V, Malato S et al, Photochemical versus coupled
photochemical–biological flow system for the treatment of two
biorecalcitrant herbicides: metobromuron and isoproturon, Applied
Catalysis B: Environmental, 2000,27:153-168
[54] Ledakowica S, Solccka M, Zylla R, Biodegradation, decolourisation and
detoxification of textile wastewater enhanced by advanced oxidation
processes. Journal of Biotechnology, 2001,89:175-184
[55] Adams C D， Scanlan P A, Secrist N D, Oxidation and biodegradability
enhancement of 1,4-dioxane using hydrogen peroxide and ozone,
Environmental Science and Technology, 1994,28(11): 1812-1818
[56] Hess T F, Lewis T A, Crawford R L et al., Combined photocatalytic and
fungal treatment for the destruction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Water
Research, 1998,32:1481-1491
69
参考文献
[57] Carberry J B, Benzing T M, Preoxidation of recalcitrant toxic waste to
enhance biodegradation. Water Science and Technology, 1994,29(5/6):
367-376
[58] Xi W M, Geissen S U, Separation of titanium dioxide from
photocatalytically treated water by cross-flow microfiltration, Water Science
and Technology, 2001,35(5): 1256-1262
[59] Watson S, Beydoun D, Amal R, Synthesis of a novel magnetic photocatalyst
by direct deposition of nanosized TiO2 crystals onto a magnetic core.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2002,
148:303-313
[60] Beydoun D, Amal R, Scott J et al, Studies on the mineralization and
separation efficiencies of a magnetic photocatalyst. Chemical Engineering
Technology, 2001,24(7): 1-4
[61] Chen F, Xie Y, Zhao J et al, Photocatalytic degradation of dyes on a
magnetically separated photocatalyst under visible and UV irradiation.
Chemosphere, 2001,44:1159-1168
[62] Parra S, Malato S, Pulgarin C, New integrated photocatalytic-biological flow
system using supported TiO2 and fixed bacteria for the mineralization of
isoproturon, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2002,36:131-144
[63] Herrmann J M, Guillard C, Arguello M et al, Photocatalytic degradation of
pesticide pirimiphos-methyl determination of the reaction pathway and
identification of intermediate products by various analytical methods,
Catalysis Today, 1999, 54:353-367
[64] 高伟，吴凤清，罗臻等，TiO2 晶型与光催化活性关系的研究。高等学校
化学学报，2001，22（4）：660-662
[65] 江腾永念，有机磷农药的有机化学与生物化学，北京，化学工业出版社，
1981：53
[66] Konstantinou I K, Sakellarides T M, Sakkas V A et al., Photocatalytic
degradation of selected s-Triazine herbicides and organophorus insecticides
over aqueous TiO2 suspensions, Environmental Science and Technology,
2001,35:398-405
[67] 毛立群，杨建军，郭泉辉等，活性艳红 X－3B 水溶液的光化学与光催
化协同脱色反应，催化学报，2001，22（3）：181-184
[68] Legrini O, Olibveros E, Braun A M, Photochemical processes for water
treatment. Chemical Reviews, 1993,93(2): 671-698
[69] Gorischer H, Hellor A, The role of oxygen in photooxidation of organic
molecules on semiconductor particles. Journal of Physical Chemistry,
1991,95(13): 5261-5267
70
参考文献
[70] 霍爱群，谭欣，丛培君，纳米 TiO2 膜光催化降解废水中阿特拉津的研
究，工业水处理，1998，18（3）：25-29
[71] 徐悦华，古国榜，李新军，光催化降解甲胺磷影响因素的研究，华南理
工大学学报（自然科学版），2001，29（5）：68-71
[72] 宋仁元，张亚杰，王维一等译，水和废水标准检验法，中国建筑工业出
版社，1985
[73] 国家环保局编，水和废水监测分析方法，中国环境科学出版社，1989
年第 3 版
[74] 上海市环境保护局编，废水生化处理，上海，同济大学出版社，1999，
186~187
[75] 许利君，过氧化氢的测定方法及其在光催化氧化技术中的应用研究，[硕
士学位论文]，杭州：浙江大学，2002，51-52
[76] 陈丽华，王增长，牛志卿.活性污泥膨胀的相关理论及控制方法.科技情
报开发与经济，2003，13（2）：123-126
[77] 支银芳，罗固源，吉方英等，实验室中的污泥膨胀及其控制措施的试验
方法，重庆大学学报，2002，25（10）：156~158
[78] Matthews R W, Photooxidation of organic impurities in water using thin
films of titanium dioxide, Journal of Physical Chemistry,
1987,91:3328-3333
[1] 徐忠娟，有机磷农药废水的预处理方法综述，扬州职业大学学报，2002，
6（2）：32-36
[2] 娄金生，王宇等编著，水污染治理新工艺与设计，北京：海洋出版社，
2002.223～224
[3] 赵金辉，罗启方，生物活性炭法处理环链结构有机磷农药废水的研究，
化工环保，1992，12：310-312
[4] 谢冰，史家梁，岳宝等，有机磷农药废水处理技术，化工环保，1999，4
（2）：89-92
[5] 赵庆祥，周钢，林哲等，有机磷农药废水碱性水解生物处理技术，城市
环境与城市生态，1993，6（1）：5-9
[6] 侯纪蓉，湿式氧化法处理乐果废水，化工环保，1999，2（1）：6-11
[7] 杨民，王贤高，杜鸿章等，催化湿式氧化处理农药废水的研究，工业水
处理，2002，22（4）：35-36
[8] Fujishima A, Honda K. Nature, Photolysis decomposition of water at the
surface of an irradiated semiconductor. Nature, 1972,238(5358): 37-38
[9] Fox M A, Dulay MY. Heterogeneous photocatalysis. Chemical Reviews, 1993,
93(1): 341-357
[10] Linsebiglar A L, Lu G, Yates J T. Photocatalysis on TiO2 surfaces. Principles,
mechanisms, and selected results, Chemical Reviews, 1995,95(3): 735-758
[11] Hoffmann M R, Martin S T, Wonyong Choi et al., Environmental application
of semiconductor photocatalysis, Chemical Reviews, 1995, 95(1): 69-96
[12] 董庆华，董玉琳，感光科学与光化学，半导体悬浮体系光催化分解有机
磷化合物，1992，10（1）：71-76
[13] Blake D M., Bibliography of Work on the Heterogeneous Photocatalytic
Removal of Hazardous Compounds from Water and Air. Colorado:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1999: 8-33
[14] Hagfeldt A, Graetzel M, Light-induced redox reactions in nanocrystalline
systems. Chemical reviews, 1995, 95: 49-68
[15] 雷乐成，汪大翚著，水处理高级氧化技术，化学工业出版社，2001
[16] Dietrich N J, Randall T L, Canney P J, Wet air oxidation of hazardous
organics in wastewater, Enviromental Progress, 1985, 4(3): 171-177
[17] 刘星娟，杜尧国，O3/UV 协同作用处理电影胶片洗印废水，环境工程，
1989，7（3）：8-11
66
参考文献
[18] Harbour J R, Hair M L, radical intermediates in the photosynthetic
generation of hydrogen peroxide with aqueous zinc oxide dispersions.
Journal of Physical and Chemistry, 1979,6: 652-656
[19] Ishibashi K, Fujishima A, Watanabe T et al., Quantum yields of active
oxidative species formed on TiO2 photocatalyst. Journal of Photochemistry
and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2000, 134(1-2): 139-142
[20] 俞传明，蒋伟川，不同光源下分散大红染料溶液的光催化降解，浙江工
业大学学报，1995，23（2）：130-135
[21] Bahnemann D, Bockelmann D, Golslich R, Mechanistic studies of water
detoxification in illuminated titania suspensions. Solar Energy Materials,
24:564
[22] Hashimoto K, Wasada K, Toukai N, Kominami H et al. Photocatalytic
oxidation of nitrogen monoxide over titanium(IV) oxide nanocrystals large
size areas. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2000,
136: 103-109
[23] Hsiao C Y，Lee C L, Ollis D F, heterogeneous photocatalysis: degradation of
dilute solutions of dichloromrthane(CH2Cl2),chloroform(CHCl3), and carbon
tetrachloride(CCl4)with illuminated photocatalyst, Journal of Catalysis,
1983,82: 418-423
[24] 何建波，张鑫，魏凤玉等，TiO2 薄膜晶相组成对苯胺光催化降解的影响，
应用化学，1999，165（5）：57-60
[25] 霍爱群，谭欣，丛培君等，纳米 TiO2－x 光催化膜中的缺陷结构与性能关
系初探，化学通报，1998，11：31-32
[26] Anpo M, Yamashita H, Ichihashi Y et al., Photocatalytic reduction of CO2
with H2O on various titanium oxide catalysts, Journal of Electroanalytical
Chemistry, 1995,396:21-26
[27] 张梅，杨绪杰，陆路德等，纳米 TiO2－一种性能优良的光催化剂，化工
新型材料，2000，28（4）：11-13，34
[28] 孙奉玉，吴鸣，李文钊，催化学报，1998，19（3）：129-133
[29] 陈小泉，纳米二氧化钛晶体合成新方法和自洁超亲水膜研究，[博士学
位论文]，广州：华南理工大学，2002
[30] Hoffman M , Martin S T, Choi W et al, Environmental applications of
semiconductor photocatalysis, Chemical Reviews, 1995,95:69-96
[31] 胡春,王怡中,汤鸿霄，多相光催化氧化的理论与实践进展，环境科学进
展，1995，3（1）：55-64
[32] 徐悦华，纳米二氧化钛光催化降解有机磷农药的研究，[博士学位论文]，
广州：华南理工大学，2001，42
67
参考文献
[33] 陈士夫，梁新，陶跃武等，空心玻璃微球负载 TiO2 光催化降解有机磷
农药，感光科学与光化学，1999，17（1）：85-91
[34] Malato S, Blanco J, C Richter, et al, Pre_industrial experience in solar
photocatalytic mineralization of real wastewaters. Application to pesticide
container recycling. Water Science and Technology, 1999,40(4-5): 123-130
[35] Abdullah M, Lew G K C, Matthews R W, Effect of common inorganic
anions on rates of photocatalytic oxidation of organic carbon over
illuminated titanium dioxide, Journal of Physical and Chemistry,
1990,94:6820-6825
[36] Ohtani B, Iwai K, Nishimoto S et al, Role of platinum deposits on titanium
oxide particles: structure and kinetic analyses of photocatalytic reaction in
aqueous alcohol and amino acid solution, Journal of Physical and Chemistry
B, 1997,101(7): 3349-3359
[37] Choi W, Termin A, Hoffmann M R, The role of metal ion dopants in
Quantum-sized TiO2: Correlation between photoreactivity and charge carrier
recombination dynamics, Journal of Physical and Chemistry, 1994,98(51):
13669-13679
[38] Hofstadler K, Bauer R, Novallc S et al, TiO2-assistec degradation of
environmentally relevant organic compounds in wastewater using a novel
fluidized bed photoreactor, Environmental Science&Technology,
1996,30:817-824
[39] Bandara J, Pulgarin C, Peringer P et al, Chemical (photo-activated) coupled
biological homogeneous degradation of p-nitro-o-toluene-sulfonic acid in a
flow reactor, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry:
1997, 111: 253-263
[40] Sarria V, Parra S, Adler N et al, Recent development in the coupling of
photoassisted and aerobic biological processes for the treatment of
biorecalcitrant compounds, Catalysis Today, 2002,76:301-315
[41] 李军，杨秀山，彭永臻编著，微生物与水处理工程，化学工业出版社，
2002，214-215
[42] Sigge G O, Britz T J, Fourie P C et al, Use of ozone and hydrogen peroxide
in the post-treatment of UASB treaten alkaline fruit cannery effluent, Water
Science and Technology, 2001, 44(5): 69-74
[43] Bertanza G, Collivignarelli C, Pedrazzani R, The role of chemical
oxidation in combined chemical-physical and biological process:experience
of industrial wastewater treatment, Water Science and Technology,
2001,44(5):109-116
[44] Zeng Y, Hong PKA, Wavrek DA, Chemical-biological treatment of pyrene,
Water Research, 2000,34(4): 1157-1172
68
参考文献
[45] Lu M C，Chen J N，pretreatment of pesticide wastewater by photocatalytic
oxidation, Water Science and Technology, 1997,36(2-3):117-122
[46] Pulgarin C, Invernizzi M, Parra S, Strategy for the coupling of
photochemical and biological flow reactors useful in mineralization of
biorecalcitrant industrial pollutants, Catalysis Today, 1999,54:341-352
[47] Sarria V, Deront M, Peringer P, Degradation of a biorecalcitrant dye
precursor present in industrial wastewaters by a new integrated iron (III)
photoassisted–biological treatment, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental,
2003, 40: 231–246
[48] Ledakowicz S, Solecka M, Zylla R, Biodegradation, decolourisation and
detoxification of textile wastewater enhanced by advanced oxidation
processes, Journal of Biotechnology, 2001, 89: 175–184
[49] Adams C D, Kuzhikannil J J, Effect of UV/H2O2 preoxidation on the aerobic
biodegradability of quaternary of quaternary amine surfactants, Water
Research, 2000,34(2): 668-672
[50]Reyes J, Dezotti M, Mansilla H et al., Biomass photochemistry-XXⅡ:
Combined photochemical and biological process for treatment of kraft E1
effluent. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental. 1998,15:211-219
[51] Herrmann J M, Guillard C, Arguekko M et al., Photocatalytic degradation of
pesticide pirimiphos-methyl determination of the reaction pathway and
identification of intermediate products by various analytical methods,
Catalysis Today, 1999, 54:353-367
[52] Tananka S, T Ichikawa, Effect of photolytic pretreatment on biodegration
and detoxification of surfactants in anaerobic digestion, Water Science and
Technology, 1993,28(7): 103-110
[53] Parra S ， Sarria V, Malato S et al, Photochemical versus coupled
photochemical–biological flow system for the treatment of two
biorecalcitrant herbicides: metobromuron and isoproturon, Applied
Catalysis B: Environmental, 2000,27:153-168
[54] Ledakowica S, Solccka M, Zylla R, Biodegradation, decolourisation and
detoxification of textile wastewater enhanced by advanced oxidation
processes. Journal of Biotechnology, 2001,89:175-184
[55] Adams C D， Scanlan P A, Secrist N D, Oxidation and biodegradability
enhancement of 1,4-dioxane using hydrogen peroxide and ozone,
Environmental Science and Technology, 1994,28(11): 1812-1818
[56] Hess T F, Lewis T A, Crawford R L et al., Combined photocatalytic and
fungal treatment for the destruction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). Water
Research, 1998,32:1481-1491
69
参考文献
[57] Carberry J B, Benzing T M, Preoxidation of recalcitrant toxic waste to
enhance biodegradation. Water Science and Technology, 1994,29(5/6):
367-376
[58] Xi W M, Geissen S U, Separation of titanium dioxide from
photocatalytically treated water by cross-flow microfiltration, Water Science
and Technology, 2001,35(5): 1256-1262
[59] Watson S, Beydoun D, Amal R, Synthesis of a novel magnetic photocatalyst
by direct deposition of nanosized TiO2 crystals onto a magnetic core.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2002,
148:303-313
[60] Beydoun D, Amal R, Scott J et al, Studies on the mineralization and
separation efficiencies of a magnetic photocatalyst. Chemical Engineering
Technology, 2001,24(7): 1-4
[61] Chen F, Xie Y, Zhao J et al, Photocatalytic degradation of dyes on a
magnetically separated photocatalyst under visible and UV irradiation.
Chemosphere, 2001,44:1159-1168
[62] Parra S, Malato S, Pulgarin C, New integrated photocatalytic-biological flow
system using supported TiO2 and fixed bacteria for the mineralization of
isoproturon, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2002,36:131-144
[63] Herrmann J M, Guillard C, Arguello M et al, Photocatalytic degradation of
pesticide pirimiphos-methyl determination of the reaction pathway and
identification of intermediate products by various analytical methods,
Catalysis Today, 1999, 54:353-367
[64] 高伟，吴凤清，罗臻等，TiO2 晶型与光催化活性关系的研究。高等学校
化学学报，2001，22（4）：660-662
[65] 江腾永念，有机磷农药的有机化学与生物化学，北京，化学工业出版社，
1981：53
[66] Konstantinou I K, Sakellarides T M, Sakkas V A et al., Photocatalytic
degradation of selected s-Triazine herbicides and organophorus insecticides
over aqueous TiO2 suspensions, Environmental Science and Technology,
2001,35:398-405
[67] 毛立群，杨建军，郭泉辉等，活性艳红 X－3B 水溶液的光化学与光催
化协同脱色反应，催化学报，2001，22（3）：181-184
[68] Legrini O, Olibveros E, Braun A M, Photochemical processes for water
treatment. Chemical Reviews, 1993,93(2): 671-698
[69] Gorischer H, Hellor A, The role of oxygen in photooxidation of organic
molecules on semiconductor particles. Journal of Physical Chemistry,
1991,95(13): 5261-5267
70
参考文献
[70] 霍爱群，谭欣，丛培君，纳米 TiO2 膜光催化降解废水中阿特拉津的研
究，工业水处理，1998，18（3）：25-29
[71] 徐悦华，古国榜，李新军，光催化降解甲胺磷影响因素的研究，华南理
工大学学报（自然科学版），2001，29（5）：68-71
[72] 宋仁元，张亚杰，王维一等译，水和废水标准检验法，中国建筑工业出
版社，1985
[73] 国家环保局编，水和废水监测分析方法，中国环境科学出版社，1989
年第 3 版
[74] 上海市环境保护局编，废水生化处理，上海，同济大学出版社，1999，
186~187
[75] 许利君，过氧化氢的测定方法及其在光催化氧化技术中的应用研究，[硕
士学位论文]，杭州：浙江大学，2002，51-52
[76] 陈丽华，王增长，牛志卿.活性污泥膨胀的相关理论及控制方法.科技情
报开发与经济，2003，13（2）：123-126
[77] 支银芳，罗固源，吉方英等，实验室中的污泥膨胀及其控制措施的试验
方法，重庆大学学报，2002，25（10）：156~158
[78] Matthews R W, Photooxidation of organic impurities in water using thin
films of titanium dioxide, Journal of Physical Chemistry,
1987,91:3328-3333
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |