广西高峰公司深部105号矿体开采稳定性及充填工艺与系统研究
|
摘要
105号矿体为广西高峰矿业有限责任公司的资源接替矿体,受巨大经济利益的驱动,高峰公司105号矿体多年来受到大量民窿无序疯狂盗采,遗留大量废弃巷道与空间分布状况不明的采空区,对105号矿体剩余矿量的回采构成重大安全隐患,在恢复105号矿体剩余矿量回采之前,必须对这些危险源进行调查分析,查明其空间分布状态,分析其稳定状态,评价其危险度。同时应对矿山当前充填制备及管路系统进行科学评价,通过大量的室内实验和系统设计,提出适合当前充填系统的材料组合以及满足105号矿体充填需要的管路系统。本论文采用数值模拟、室内试验、系统设计和理论分析等多种研究手段,针对以上问题进行了综合研究,主要研究结论为:
(1) 数值模拟结果表明,采空区,尤其是1~#、5~#、7~#、8~#特大采空区存在安全隐患;
(2) 通过充填,采空区的安全隐患可以得到消除;
(3) 试验研究结果表明,充填材料最优配比为;
骨料:尾砂75%、跳汰砂25%;
水泥:混合骨料=1:6;
质量浓度=68-70%;
(4) 条件许可时,添加粉煤灰可提高浆体输送性能,降低充填成本;
(5) 当前充填浆料制备系统可以继续为105号矿体采空区充填治理服务;
(6) 通过多方案比较,推荐10号盲斜井方案为105号矿体最佳充填线路;
(7) 研究结果对矿山实现无废害开采和可持续发展具有重要的意义。
The 105~# ore body is a successive deposit of limited company of Gaofeng Mining Corporation limited, Guangxi, China. A number of illegal mining activities left lots of old shafts, shifts and emptied areas, which is harmful to safe production of the mine. It is necessary to investigate these fatal sources, to clarify their spatial distributions, to analyse their stabilities and to evaluate their risk.degreesfill, as well as to scientificly evaluate current filling system, ahead of recovery of left mineral reserves. The tasks mentioned are carried out in this paper by means of field investigation, laboratory test, therotical analysis and system design, and main conclusions are obtained as follows:1. Numerical simulation results indicate that emptied areas, especially such large ones as No.1, 5, 7 and 8, are potential harmful resources for extraction of 105~# ore body;2. Potential safety problem due to emptied areas could be solved by filling works according to numerical calculation;3. Trial experiment of material component gives basic filling parameters in weight as follows: tailings - crushed sand ratio of 3:1, cement-aggregate ratio of 1: 6, and slurry density of 68-70%;4. Fly ash is suggested to adopt in filling materials if possible because addition of fly ash can improve hydraulic conveying proprety of slurry and reduce cost of filling;5. Current preparation system of filling slurry can still be used for filling works of 105~# ore body;6. Economic and technical comparison among three drafts suggests that 10~# blind inclined shaft system is an optimal choice because of low capital and short pipeline.
(1) 数值模拟结果表明,采空区,尤其是1~#、5~#、7~#、8~#特大采空区存在安全隐患;
(2) 通过充填,采空区的安全隐患可以得到消除;
(3) 试验研究结果表明,充填材料最优配比为;
骨料:尾砂75%、跳汰砂25%;
水泥:混合骨料=1:6;
质量浓度=68-70%;
(4) 条件许可时,添加粉煤灰可提高浆体输送性能,降低充填成本;
(5) 当前充填浆料制备系统可以继续为105号矿体采空区充填治理服务;
(6) 通过多方案比较,推荐10号盲斜井方案为105号矿体最佳充填线路;
(7) 研究结果对矿山实现无废害开采和可持续发展具有重要的意义。
The 105~# ore body is a successive deposit of limited company of Gaofeng Mining Corporation limited, Guangxi, China. A number of illegal mining activities left lots of old shafts, shifts and emptied areas, which is harmful to safe production of the mine. It is necessary to investigate these fatal sources, to clarify their spatial distributions, to analyse their stabilities and to evaluate their risk.degreesfill, as well as to scientificly evaluate current filling system, ahead of recovery of left mineral reserves. The tasks mentioned are carried out in this paper by means of field investigation, laboratory test, therotical analysis and system design, and main conclusions are obtained as follows:1. Numerical simulation results indicate that emptied areas, especially such large ones as No.1, 5, 7 and 8, are potential harmful resources for extraction of 105~# ore body;2. Potential safety problem due to emptied areas could be solved by filling works according to numerical calculation;3. Trial experiment of material component gives basic filling parameters in weight as follows: tailings - crushed sand ratio of 3:1, cement-aggregate ratio of 1: 6, and slurry density of 68-70%;4. Fly ash is suggested to adopt in filling materials if possible because addition of fly ash can improve hydraulic conveying proprety of slurry and reduce cost of filling;5. Current preparation system of filling slurry can still be used for filling works of 105~# ore body;6. Economic and technical comparison among three drafts suggests that 10~# blind inclined shaft system is an optimal choice because of low capital and short pipeline.
引文
[1] 罗元华,张梁等编著.地质灾害风险评估方法[M].地质出版社,1998;
[2] 朱湘平.131矿体采空区顶板稳定性研究.金属矿山,2003,9(327):13～15;
[3] 吴兆营卜,薄景山,杜国林.采空区对地表稳定性的影晌.自然灾害学报,2004,4(12):140～145;
[4] 李纯青,姚香.采空区处理新技术的理论研究及应用实践.黄金,2004(3);
[5] 邱贤德,黄木坤,王心飞.数值计算在采空区稳定性评价中的应用.矿山压力与顶板管理,2002,4:105～109;
[6] 谢和平.深部高应力下的资源开采与地下工程—机遇与挑战.北京:香山科学会议第175次学术讨论会专题报告,2001;
[7] 王新民等.充填采矿技术与应新桥硫铁矿框架式大跨度矿房采后块石充填技术试验研究.长沙:中南工业大学,1997;
[8] 钱明高等.矿山压力及其控制[M].北京;煤炭工业出版社.1984;
[9] 刘同有等.充填采矿技术与应用.北京;冶金工业出版社,2001;
[10] 刘同有等.中国镍钴矿山现代化开采技术.北京:冶金工业出版社,1995;
[11] 韩斌.金川二矿区充填体可靠性分析与1#矿体地压控制优化研究.长沙:中南大学博士学位论文,2004;
[12] 刘可任.充填理论基础.北京:冶金工业出版社,1982
[13] 赵本钧,藤学军.冲击地压及其控制.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995
[14] 姚香.岩金地下开采技术进步与展望.黄金,2001,21(1):16～22;
[15] 饶运章,高国庆.岩金矿山空区处理研究.黄金,1997,18(9):20～22;
[16] 采矿手册编委会.采矿手册(4).北京:冶金工业出版社,1990,4:415;
[17] 冯长根,李俊平,武宏歧等.东桐峪金矿空场处理机理研究.黄金,2002,23(10):36～40;
[18] 李纯青,罗铁牛,姚香等.河台金矿高村矿床采空区处理方法与效益预测.黄金,2001,21(11):15～17;
[19] R. E. Gray. CoalMineSubsidenceandStructures. Mine In-ducedSubsidence, 1988, (5) :69～86;
[20] S.S.彭著,高博彦译.煤矿地层控制.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984;
[21] 吴立新,王金庄.建(构)筑物下压煤条带开采理论与实践.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994;
[22] 颜荣贵.地基开采沉陷及其地表建筑.北京:冶金工业出版社,1995。
[23] 刘天泉.矿山岩体采动影响与控制工程学.煤炭学报,1995,20(1):11～5;
[24] 刘宝琛,廖国华.煤矿地表移动的基本规律.北京:中国工业出版杜,1965;
[25] H. Xie. Fractals in Rock Mechanics. A. A. BaIkema Pllblislew, Rott～flam, 1993;
[26] 于广明,谢和平,周宏伟.结构化岩体采动裂隙分布规律与分形性实验研究.实验力学,1998,13(2):145～154;
[27] Rao Mv Ms, Ramana YV.A study of progreseive failure of rock under cyclic loading by ultrasonic and AE monitoring technipues. Rock Mech. Rock Engng, 1992,25(4):237～251;
[28] HoekE,Bray JW.岩石边坡工程.卢世宗译,北京:冶金工业出版社,1983:39～42;
[29] BradyBHG, BrownET. Rock Mechanics for Underground Mining. London: George All en&Unwin, 1985: 129～131;
[30] HoekE, BrownET. Underground Excavations in Rock. London: The Institution of Miningand Metallurgy, 1980: 22～27;
[31] GeorgiM. Proceedings of the Second Congress of the Intemational Society for Rock Mechanics, 1970: 59～63;
[32] 徐挺.相似理论与模型试验.北京:中国农业机械出版社,1982;
[33] 于学馥等.地下工程围岩稳定分析.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1983;
[34] 万虹.运用正交法寻找某地下岩层相似模拟材料的研究.系统工程理论与实践,1997(4):101;
[35] 于学馥等.地下工程围岩稳定分析.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1983;
[36] 王振安.采煤工作面底板突水的初步研究.煤炭地质与勘探,1983(5);
[37] 胡清淮.锡矿山南矿岩层及地表移动问题的探讨.长沙矿山研究院季刊,1981(6):1～13;
[38] 高磊.矿山岩石力学.机械工业出版社,1987:194～200;
[39] 雷化南.矿山岩体力学.北京:冶金工业出版社,1983,4;
[40] 张杰坤.矿山环境工程地质.武汉地质学院,1986,9;
[41] 张悼元等.工程地质分析原理.北京:地质出版社,1985,11;
[42] 常士骠等.工程地质手册(第三版).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992,2;
[43] 秦四清.非线性工程地质学导引.成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993:17-30;
[44] 来兴平,伍永平,蔡美峰.FLAC在地下巷道离层破坏非线性数值模拟中的应用.西安科技学院学报,2000,20(3):193～195;
[45] 蔡美峰,来兴平.非线性地下岩土结构与工程安全监测新理论.金属矿山,2000,293(11):4-7;
[46] Kost DA, Vimmerstedt JP. Topsoil and fertilize reffects on ground cover growth on calcareous minesoils. International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamationand Environment, 1997(11): 15～19;
[47] 林愉.矿浆管道输送尾砂型料的构思与设计.金属矿山,2000(10):36～38;
[50] 费祥俊.浆体与粒状物料输送水力学.北京:清华大学出版社,1994;
[51] 林愉.水平同心型料管道输送的数学模型.化工矿物与加工,2001(10):11～14;
[52] 李建民,李娟.泥浆制备中的外加剂及选用原刚.陶瓷工程,1997(2):24～27;
[53] MANCA PP, MASSACCI G, et al. Mill tailing and various binder mixtures for cemented backfill: Analysis of properties telated tomining problems. Granholms: Mining with Backfill. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1983, 39～47;
[54] Yu T R. COUNTER D B. Backfill practice and technology at kidd creek mines. Cim Bulletin, 1983, 76(856): 56～65;
[55] BLIGHT G E, SPEARING A J S. The properties of cemented smcate backfill for use in narrow, hard rock, tubular mines. Saimm, 1996, 96(1), 17～22;
[56] 潘键.充填材料和充填计算.1987,1468—1512;
[57] 张富民.采矿设计手册.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987,1468～1512;
[58] PRASHANT, KUMBHAKAR D. Design and development of cemented fill system. The Indian mining & Engineering Journal, 2001, 40(5～6), 29～36;
[59] SHARMA M, SINGH T N, etal. Environmental impact of fly-ash and its management. The Indian Mining&Engineering Journal, 2001, 40(5～6), 37～40;
[60] 张钦礼,过江,王新民.粉煤灰全尾砂胶结充填技术.有色金属,1999(2);
[61] 过江,彭续承.粉煤灰作为充填胶凝剂之探讨.有色金属设计,1997(2);
[62] 何贤杰.矿产资源管理通论.北京:中国大地出版社,2002,4:14、31、272;
[63] 仲伟志.矿业权评估指南.北京:中国大地出版社,2001,4:93;
[64] 陈中经.矿床地下开采.北京:冶金工业出版社,1991,5:290;
[65] 方爱民,许荣华.粉煤灰活性分析.电力环境保护,1992(4):52～54;
[66] 谷章昭,乐美龙等.粉煤灰活性的研究.硅酸盐学报,1982(2):112～114;
[67] 孙抱真,贾传玖,水翠娟.粉煤灰的颗粒形貌及其物理性质.硅酸盐学报,1982(1):63～65;
[68] 赵学庄,罗渝然.化学反应动力学原理.北京:高等教育出版社,1990;
[69] 卢平.确定胶结充填体强度的理论与实践.黄金,1992,13(3)14～18;
[70] 卢平.制约胶结充填体采矿法发展的若干充填体力学问题.黄金,1994,14(7)18～22;
[71] 桑玉发.胶结充填体的力学机制.长沙矿山研究院,1986,8;
[72] 钱鸣高,刘听成.矿山压力及其控制.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991;
[73] 颜荣贵.地基开采沉陷及其地表建筑.北京:冶金工业出版社,1995;
[74] 栾元重.岩层与地表移动的分形预测研究.有色金属(矿山部分),2001(1):27～30;
[75] 耿虔.通钢板石沟铁矿上青矿区地压与岩移问题的对策.中国矿业,2000(2):18～22;
[76] 杨殿主编.金属矿床地下开采.长沙:中南工业大学出版社出版,1996;
[77] 刘可任主编.充填理论基础.北京:冶金工业出版社出版,1995;
[78] 彭续承等编.充填采矿法科学研究论文集.长沙:中南工业大学出版社出版,1998
[2] 朱湘平.131矿体采空区顶板稳定性研究.金属矿山,2003,9(327):13～15;
[3] 吴兆营卜,薄景山,杜国林.采空区对地表稳定性的影晌.自然灾害学报,2004,4(12):140～145;
[4] 李纯青,姚香.采空区处理新技术的理论研究及应用实践.黄金,2004(3);
[5] 邱贤德,黄木坤,王心飞.数值计算在采空区稳定性评价中的应用.矿山压力与顶板管理,2002,4:105～109;
[6] 谢和平.深部高应力下的资源开采与地下工程—机遇与挑战.北京:香山科学会议第175次学术讨论会专题报告,2001;
[7] 王新民等.充填采矿技术与应新桥硫铁矿框架式大跨度矿房采后块石充填技术试验研究.长沙:中南工业大学,1997;
[8] 钱明高等.矿山压力及其控制[M].北京;煤炭工业出版社.1984;
[9] 刘同有等.充填采矿技术与应用.北京;冶金工业出版社,2001;
[10] 刘同有等.中国镍钴矿山现代化开采技术.北京:冶金工业出版社,1995;
[11] 韩斌.金川二矿区充填体可靠性分析与1#矿体地压控制优化研究.长沙:中南大学博士学位论文,2004;
[12] 刘可任.充填理论基础.北京:冶金工业出版社,1982
[13] 赵本钧,藤学军.冲击地压及其控制.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995
[14] 姚香.岩金地下开采技术进步与展望.黄金,2001,21(1):16～22;
[15] 饶运章,高国庆.岩金矿山空区处理研究.黄金,1997,18(9):20～22;
[16] 采矿手册编委会.采矿手册(4).北京:冶金工业出版社,1990,4:415;
[17] 冯长根,李俊平,武宏歧等.东桐峪金矿空场处理机理研究.黄金,2002,23(10):36～40;
[18] 李纯青,罗铁牛,姚香等.河台金矿高村矿床采空区处理方法与效益预测.黄金,2001,21(11):15～17;
[19] R. E. Gray. CoalMineSubsidenceandStructures. Mine In-ducedSubsidence, 1988, (5) :69～86;
[20] S.S.彭著,高博彦译.煤矿地层控制.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1984;
[21] 吴立新,王金庄.建(构)筑物下压煤条带开采理论与实践.徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1994;
[22] 颜荣贵.地基开采沉陷及其地表建筑.北京:冶金工业出版社,1995。
[23] 刘天泉.矿山岩体采动影响与控制工程学.煤炭学报,1995,20(1):11～5;
[24] 刘宝琛,廖国华.煤矿地表移动的基本规律.北京:中国工业出版杜,1965;
[25] H. Xie. Fractals in Rock Mechanics. A. A. BaIkema Pllblislew, Rott～flam, 1993;
[26] 于广明,谢和平,周宏伟.结构化岩体采动裂隙分布规律与分形性实验研究.实验力学,1998,13(2):145～154;
[27] Rao Mv Ms, Ramana YV.A study of progreseive failure of rock under cyclic loading by ultrasonic and AE monitoring technipues. Rock Mech. Rock Engng, 1992,25(4):237～251;
[28] HoekE,Bray JW.岩石边坡工程.卢世宗译,北京:冶金工业出版社,1983:39～42;
[29] BradyBHG, BrownET. Rock Mechanics for Underground Mining. London: George All en&Unwin, 1985: 129～131;
[30] HoekE, BrownET. Underground Excavations in Rock. London: The Institution of Miningand Metallurgy, 1980: 22～27;
[31] GeorgiM. Proceedings of the Second Congress of the Intemational Society for Rock Mechanics, 1970: 59～63;
[32] 徐挺.相似理论与模型试验.北京:中国农业机械出版社,1982;
[33] 于学馥等.地下工程围岩稳定分析.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1983;
[34] 万虹.运用正交法寻找某地下岩层相似模拟材料的研究.系统工程理论与实践,1997(4):101;
[35] 于学馥等.地下工程围岩稳定分析.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1983;
[36] 王振安.采煤工作面底板突水的初步研究.煤炭地质与勘探,1983(5);
[37] 胡清淮.锡矿山南矿岩层及地表移动问题的探讨.长沙矿山研究院季刊,1981(6):1～13;
[38] 高磊.矿山岩石力学.机械工业出版社,1987:194～200;
[39] 雷化南.矿山岩体力学.北京:冶金工业出版社,1983,4;
[40] 张杰坤.矿山环境工程地质.武汉地质学院,1986,9;
[41] 张悼元等.工程地质分析原理.北京:地质出版社,1985,11;
[42] 常士骠等.工程地质手册(第三版).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992,2;
[43] 秦四清.非线性工程地质学导引.成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993:17-30;
[44] 来兴平,伍永平,蔡美峰.FLAC在地下巷道离层破坏非线性数值模拟中的应用.西安科技学院学报,2000,20(3):193～195;
[45] 蔡美峰,来兴平.非线性地下岩土结构与工程安全监测新理论.金属矿山,2000,293(11):4-7;
[46] Kost DA, Vimmerstedt JP. Topsoil and fertilize reffects on ground cover growth on calcareous minesoils. International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamationand Environment, 1997(11): 15～19;
[47] 林愉.矿浆管道输送尾砂型料的构思与设计.金属矿山,2000(10):36～38;
[50] 费祥俊.浆体与粒状物料输送水力学.北京:清华大学出版社,1994;
[51] 林愉.水平同心型料管道输送的数学模型.化工矿物与加工,2001(10):11～14;
[52] 李建民,李娟.泥浆制备中的外加剂及选用原刚.陶瓷工程,1997(2):24～27;
[53] MANCA PP, MASSACCI G, et al. Mill tailing and various binder mixtures for cemented backfill: Analysis of properties telated tomining problems. Granholms: Mining with Backfill. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1983, 39～47;
[54] Yu T R. COUNTER D B. Backfill practice and technology at kidd creek mines. Cim Bulletin, 1983, 76(856): 56～65;
[55] BLIGHT G E, SPEARING A J S. The properties of cemented smcate backfill for use in narrow, hard rock, tubular mines. Saimm, 1996, 96(1), 17～22;
[56] 潘键.充填材料和充填计算.1987,1468—1512;
[57] 张富民.采矿设计手册.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1987,1468～1512;
[58] PRASHANT, KUMBHAKAR D. Design and development of cemented fill system. The Indian mining & Engineering Journal, 2001, 40(5～6), 29～36;
[59] SHARMA M, SINGH T N, etal. Environmental impact of fly-ash and its management. The Indian Mining&Engineering Journal, 2001, 40(5～6), 37～40;
[60] 张钦礼,过江,王新民.粉煤灰全尾砂胶结充填技术.有色金属,1999(2);
[61] 过江,彭续承.粉煤灰作为充填胶凝剂之探讨.有色金属设计,1997(2);
[62] 何贤杰.矿产资源管理通论.北京:中国大地出版社,2002,4:14、31、272;
[63] 仲伟志.矿业权评估指南.北京:中国大地出版社,2001,4:93;
[64] 陈中经.矿床地下开采.北京:冶金工业出版社,1991,5:290;
[65] 方爱民,许荣华.粉煤灰活性分析.电力环境保护,1992(4):52～54;
[66] 谷章昭,乐美龙等.粉煤灰活性的研究.硅酸盐学报,1982(2):112～114;
[67] 孙抱真,贾传玖,水翠娟.粉煤灰的颗粒形貌及其物理性质.硅酸盐学报,1982(1):63～65;
[68] 赵学庄,罗渝然.化学反应动力学原理.北京:高等教育出版社,1990;
[69] 卢平.确定胶结充填体强度的理论与实践.黄金,1992,13(3)14～18;
[70] 卢平.制约胶结充填体采矿法发展的若干充填体力学问题.黄金,1994,14(7)18～22;
[71] 桑玉发.胶结充填体的力学机制.长沙矿山研究院,1986,8;
[72] 钱鸣高,刘听成.矿山压力及其控制.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1991;
[73] 颜荣贵.地基开采沉陷及其地表建筑.北京:冶金工业出版社,1995;
[74] 栾元重.岩层与地表移动的分形预测研究.有色金属(矿山部分),2001(1):27～30;
[75] 耿虔.通钢板石沟铁矿上青矿区地压与岩移问题的对策.中国矿业,2000(2):18～22;
[76] 杨殿主编.金属矿床地下开采.长沙:中南工业大学出版社出版,1996;
[77] 刘可任主编.充填理论基础.北京:冶金工业出版社出版,1995;
[78] 彭续承等编.充填采矿法科学研究论文集.长沙:中南工业大学出版社出版,1998
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |