光学参量啁啾脉冲放大技术的研究
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摘要
自1992年提出光参量啁啾脉冲放大(OPCPA)技术以来,由于其具有高的单通增益,低的热效应影响,高的信噪比,低的B积分,宽的增益带宽,且在放大过程中克服了增益带宽窄化现象,故光参量啁啾脉冲技术已经广泛地应用到超强,超短激光脉冲产生技术中,同时也成为TW以及PW系统的一个好的前端源。
本文的主要研究工作和创新有以下几个方面:
1.理论研究了光参量放大的物理过程,重点对光参量放大过程中的耦合波方程、相位匹配方式、增益带宽等问题进行了理论分析,给出了相关的参数设计的理论计算公式。
2.理论探讨了在抽运光为宽带的情况下的一种新颖的基于预啁啾控制的超宽带光参量放大技术,提出了对输入脉冲进行预啁啾控制新方法,使信号光的不同光谱分量和抽运光的相应光谱分量分别满足相位匹配条件,从而极大地扩展了相位匹配带宽。
3.提出采用在抽运光脉冲所定义的时间窗口中,在有效非线性系数最大的平面内,信号光被同一抽运光两次放大的双通放大技术,并把该技术运用到了低重复了以钛宝石激光器为种子源和以自启动被动缩模光纤激光器为种子源的光参量啁啾脉冲放大系统中,有效地提高了信号光与抽运光在时域上的匹配,提高了抽运光的利用率,关键是有效地抑制了在参量放大过程中参量荧光的产生,提高了光参量放大系统的稳定性。
4.进行了以钛宝石激光器为种子光源的OPCPA系统的理论和实验研究。首先为了实现飞秒信号光脉冲与纳秒抽运光脉冲在时域上的有效匹配,通过光线追迹法对影响?ffner展宽器输出脉宽的关键参数进行了理论分析,并进行了实验研究,把信号光展宽到了545ps。其次,在二级放大器中,采用新型的双通光参量放大技术,有效地提高了系统转换效率,抑制了参量荧光的出现,将0.1nJ的单脉冲放大到3mJ输出,增益达到了3×107,能量稳定性达到<3% rms,输出信号光增益谱宽达到了30 nm(FWHM);最后采用光栅对压缩器将放大后的信号光脉冲压缩成82 fs的脉冲输出。
5.首次进行了以锁模光纤激光器为种子源的新型OPCPA系统的理论和实验研究。通过两级单通放大方式,将1.5 nJ放大到6 mJ,得到净增益为4.0×106,能量稳定性达到<2% rms,采用光栅压缩器将输出的放大信号光脉冲压缩成525 fs的脉冲输出。采用光纤激光器为种子源,使得整个系统稳定性高、效率高、结构紧凑。此外为了进一步简化系统结构,进行了单级双通OPA结构,有效提高了转换效率,并且很好地抑制了参量荧光的影响。放大输出能量为2mJ,总增益达2×106,能量稳定性为<2%rms,光谱带宽为8nm(FWHM)。
6.首次采用堆积脉冲光纤激光器为种子源,进行两级光参量放大技术的研究,得到了1.1×107的两级放大总增益。该系统在无展宽器的情况下,不仅满足了信号光与抽运光在时域上的匹配,有效地抑制了参量放大过程参量荧光的出现,提高了放大器的稳定性,同时由于该激光器具有自启动、长时间稳定锁模、极少受外界环境变化的影响等特点,提高了整个系统的稳定性。
Optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) is widely used in intense field physics, high energy physics, which was originally proposed and demonstrated by Dubietis et al in 1992 The OPCPA technique has some significant advantages over other schemes such as high gain per single pass, a broad gain bandwidth, a high output beam quality, a low heat deposition and a small B integral. So the OPCPA is an alternation of the for-end source of the terawatt and peterwatt system.
The main research works and innovations of this thesis are summarized as followed:
1. A detailed basic theoretical study of the optical parametric amplification process was detailedly investigated. The theoretical treatment includes mainly coupled wave equation for OPCPA, phase-matching principles and phase-matching types, the bandwidth and gain of optical parametric amplifier.
2. A novel ultra-broad bandwidth optical parametric amplification approach is investigated in this dissertation for the pump pulse with broadband. Using pre-chirp controlling,the phase-matching condition is satisfied in a ultra-broadband signal spectral range.
3. A novel double-pass optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier is demonstrated.The signal is double-pass amplified in a nonlinear crystal by a long pump pulse and the signal and pump pulses of each pass were complete phase matched in the plane which has the maximum of the effective nonlinearity. By this system, the match of the signal and pump in the time is obviously increased and the superfluorescence is suppressed.
4. An OPCPA system based on the Ti:sapphire femtosecond oscillator has been theoretical and experimental study. Firstly, theoretical and experimental study of Large-ratio ?ffner stretcher for OPCPA laser system was presented. Through appropriate optimization of the four parameters, expansion of 30 fs pulses to 545 ps with free aberration and a stretching ratio of 18,167 have been experimentally demonstrated. Secondly, A new double-passed architecture of the second OPA stage was demonstrated. By use of the double-passed architecture, on the one hand, this scheme efficiently increases the conversion efficiency, on the other hand, it remarkably decreases the uncompressible background arose from the parametric fluorescence. The net total gain higher than 3×107, single pulse energy exceeding 3 mJ with fluctuations less than 3% rms, 30 nm(FWHM) amplified signal spectrum and recompressed pulse duration of 82 fs (FWHM)are achieved.
5. An OPCPA system based on an Yb3+-doped passively mode-locked fiber laser has been theoretical and experimental study. Firstly, using two stage single-passed OPA arrangement, a gain higher than 4.0×106, single pulse energy exceeding 6 mJ with fluctuations less than 2% rms, recompressed pulse duration of 525 fs are achieved. This system is high stability, great conversion efficiency, compact. Secondly, single stage double-passed OPA architecture was utilized. This scheme efficiently increases the transfer efficiency, and remarkably decreases the parametric fluorescence. The net total gain higher than 2×106, single pulse energy exceeding 2 mJ with fluctuations less than 2% rms, parametric fluorescence less than 1% of the total output pulse energy, 8 nm (FWHM)amplified signal spectrum are achieved.
6. An OPCPA system based on an Yb3+-doped passively mode-locked interference pulse fiber laser has been theoretical and experimental studied. The overall net gain of the two-stage OPA reached 1.1×107, corresponding to the final output energy of 11mJ with fluctuations less than 1%. The superfluorescence energy is suppressed to 1% of the total output pulse energy. This scheme efficiently increases the transfer efficiency, and remarkably decreases the parametric fluorescence. The fiber laser showed the excellent long term stability under the temperature stabilized ultra-clean environmental condition, and the mode-locking operation could be hardly influenced by the external environment. By which, the stablity of the OPCPA system is increased.
本文的主要研究工作和创新有以下几个方面:
1.理论研究了光参量放大的物理过程,重点对光参量放大过程中的耦合波方程、相位匹配方式、增益带宽等问题进行了理论分析,给出了相关的参数设计的理论计算公式。
2.理论探讨了在抽运光为宽带的情况下的一种新颖的基于预啁啾控制的超宽带光参量放大技术,提出了对输入脉冲进行预啁啾控制新方法,使信号光的不同光谱分量和抽运光的相应光谱分量分别满足相位匹配条件,从而极大地扩展了相位匹配带宽。
3.提出采用在抽运光脉冲所定义的时间窗口中,在有效非线性系数最大的平面内,信号光被同一抽运光两次放大的双通放大技术,并把该技术运用到了低重复了以钛宝石激光器为种子源和以自启动被动缩模光纤激光器为种子源的光参量啁啾脉冲放大系统中,有效地提高了信号光与抽运光在时域上的匹配,提高了抽运光的利用率,关键是有效地抑制了在参量放大过程中参量荧光的产生,提高了光参量放大系统的稳定性。
4.进行了以钛宝石激光器为种子光源的OPCPA系统的理论和实验研究。首先为了实现飞秒信号光脉冲与纳秒抽运光脉冲在时域上的有效匹配,通过光线追迹法对影响?ffner展宽器输出脉宽的关键参数进行了理论分析,并进行了实验研究,把信号光展宽到了545ps。其次,在二级放大器中,采用新型的双通光参量放大技术,有效地提高了系统转换效率,抑制了参量荧光的出现,将0.1nJ的单脉冲放大到3mJ输出,增益达到了3×107,能量稳定性达到<3% rms,输出信号光增益谱宽达到了30 nm(FWHM);最后采用光栅对压缩器将放大后的信号光脉冲压缩成82 fs的脉冲输出。
5.首次进行了以锁模光纤激光器为种子源的新型OPCPA系统的理论和实验研究。通过两级单通放大方式,将1.5 nJ放大到6 mJ,得到净增益为4.0×106,能量稳定性达到<2% rms,采用光栅压缩器将输出的放大信号光脉冲压缩成525 fs的脉冲输出。采用光纤激光器为种子源,使得整个系统稳定性高、效率高、结构紧凑。此外为了进一步简化系统结构,进行了单级双通OPA结构,有效提高了转换效率,并且很好地抑制了参量荧光的影响。放大输出能量为2mJ,总增益达2×106,能量稳定性为<2%rms,光谱带宽为8nm(FWHM)。
6.首次采用堆积脉冲光纤激光器为种子源,进行两级光参量放大技术的研究,得到了1.1×107的两级放大总增益。该系统在无展宽器的情况下,不仅满足了信号光与抽运光在时域上的匹配,有效地抑制了参量放大过程参量荧光的出现,提高了放大器的稳定性,同时由于该激光器具有自启动、长时间稳定锁模、极少受外界环境变化的影响等特点,提高了整个系统的稳定性。
Optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) is widely used in intense field physics, high energy physics, which was originally proposed and demonstrated by Dubietis et al in 1992 The OPCPA technique has some significant advantages over other schemes such as high gain per single pass, a broad gain bandwidth, a high output beam quality, a low heat deposition and a small B integral. So the OPCPA is an alternation of the for-end source of the terawatt and peterwatt system.
The main research works and innovations of this thesis are summarized as followed:
1. A detailed basic theoretical study of the optical parametric amplification process was detailedly investigated. The theoretical treatment includes mainly coupled wave equation for OPCPA, phase-matching principles and phase-matching types, the bandwidth and gain of optical parametric amplifier.
2. A novel ultra-broad bandwidth optical parametric amplification approach is investigated in this dissertation for the pump pulse with broadband. Using pre-chirp controlling,the phase-matching condition is satisfied in a ultra-broadband signal spectral range.
3. A novel double-pass optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier is demonstrated.The signal is double-pass amplified in a nonlinear crystal by a long pump pulse and the signal and pump pulses of each pass were complete phase matched in the plane which has the maximum of the effective nonlinearity. By this system, the match of the signal and pump in the time is obviously increased and the superfluorescence is suppressed.
4. An OPCPA system based on the Ti:sapphire femtosecond oscillator has been theoretical and experimental study. Firstly, theoretical and experimental study of Large-ratio ?ffner stretcher for OPCPA laser system was presented. Through appropriate optimization of the four parameters, expansion of 30 fs pulses to 545 ps with free aberration and a stretching ratio of 18,167 have been experimentally demonstrated. Secondly, A new double-passed architecture of the second OPA stage was demonstrated. By use of the double-passed architecture, on the one hand, this scheme efficiently increases the conversion efficiency, on the other hand, it remarkably decreases the uncompressible background arose from the parametric fluorescence. The net total gain higher than 3×107, single pulse energy exceeding 3 mJ with fluctuations less than 3% rms, 30 nm(FWHM) amplified signal spectrum and recompressed pulse duration of 82 fs (FWHM)are achieved.
5. An OPCPA system based on an Yb3+-doped passively mode-locked fiber laser has been theoretical and experimental study. Firstly, using two stage single-passed OPA arrangement, a gain higher than 4.0×106, single pulse energy exceeding 6 mJ with fluctuations less than 2% rms, recompressed pulse duration of 525 fs are achieved. This system is high stability, great conversion efficiency, compact. Secondly, single stage double-passed OPA architecture was utilized. This scheme efficiently increases the transfer efficiency, and remarkably decreases the parametric fluorescence. The net total gain higher than 2×106, single pulse energy exceeding 2 mJ with fluctuations less than 2% rms, parametric fluorescence less than 1% of the total output pulse energy, 8 nm (FWHM)amplified signal spectrum are achieved.
6. An OPCPA system based on an Yb3+-doped passively mode-locked interference pulse fiber laser has been theoretical and experimental studied. The overall net gain of the two-stage OPA reached 1.1×107, corresponding to the final output energy of 11mJ with fluctuations less than 1%. The superfluorescence energy is suppressed to 1% of the total output pulse energy. This scheme efficiently increases the transfer efficiency, and remarkably decreases the parametric fluorescence. The fiber laser showed the excellent long term stability under the temperature stabilized ultra-clean environmental condition, and the mode-locking operation could be hardly influenced by the external environment. By which, the stablity of the OPCPA system is increased.
引文
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