共振光散射技术在农药残留和食品添加剂分析中的应用
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摘要
共振光散射(Resonance Light Scattering,RLS)技术是近年来发展起来的一种灵敏和简便的分析技术。该法对颗粒的大小非常灵敏,因此灵敏度极高,可达纳克级,是一般分析方法难于比拟的,同时对于在溶液中无颜色变化或无荧光改变的反应,也可用RLS法检测,从而扩大了生物探针的范围,且只需普通的荧光分光光度计即可检测,加之操作简单易行,因此近几年发展极为迅速,已广泛应用于蛋白质和核酸的测定,在多糖、无机离子、有机物及某些药物等的定量分析方面,也取得了较好的进展,但是,这种技术应用于农药和食品添加剂残留的检测还少有报道。
本文主要对共振光散射技术、双波长比率-共振光散射新技术、化学计量学技术应用于某些农药和食品添加剂定量测定的方法学进行研究,并将建立的模型用于实际样品的测定,取得了比较满意的结果。
1.研究了共振光散射技术定量测定拟除虫菊酯类农药氰戊菊酯残留新方法。考查了变色酸2R-氰戊菊酯-β-环糊精体系的共振光散射光谱特性,并对反应条件进行了优化。在pH 2.87的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,氰戊菊酯与变色酸2R在423 nm处有稳定的共振光散射增强,而β-环糊精进一步敏化该共振光散射强度信号,且散射强度与氰戊菊酯的浓度成线性关系,线性范围为0.02～0.50μg/mL,检出限为0.016μg/mL。该方法简便、快速、灵敏,可用于实际样品中氰戊菊酯的测定。
2.建立了共振光散射技术对均三氮苯类农药扑草净残留测定的新方法。在溴甲酚绿中加入经HCl酸化的扑草净后,共振光散射光谱有明显增强,表面活性剂Triton X-100的加入使光谱强度显著增加,产生最大散射波长为562 nm的共振散射光信号,且散射光强度与扑草净的浓度有很好线性关系,线性范围为0.01～0.35μg/mL,检出限达到7.8 ng/mL。方法灵敏、简便,并成功地用于实际样品中扑草净的测定。
3.建立了分析检测食品添加剂苋菜红与甲基紫相互作用的共振光散射-双波长比率新方法。考察了该方法的适宜条件、影响因素和实际应用,并与单波长共振光散射法进行比较。在pH为1.24的条件下加入苋菜红后甲基紫的共振光散射光谱有明显增强,一定浓度的非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100的加入使缔合物的散射强度进一步增加,最大散射峰位于528nm,且散射光强度与苋菜红的浓度成线性关系,可以通过单波长共振光散射法检测苋菜红,该方法的线性范围和检出限分别为0.05～0.50μg/mL和0.0204μg/mL。实验中采用343 nm和417nm散射强度之比I_(417)/I_(343)代替单波长处的共振光散射强度检测苋菜红,其线性范围和检出限分别为0.01～0.60μg/mL和1.0 ng/mL。研究发现,共振光散射双波长比率法较之单波长共振光散射法有更好的稳定性、更宽的检测线性范围和更低的检出限,更适用于样品中苋菜红的测定。
4.研究了共振光散射-双波长比率新方法用于阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基吡啶的定量分析。在pH为1.5的条件下,溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)与溴百里酚蓝(BTB)相互作用,使共振光散射光谱信号明显增强,最大散射峰位于523nm,且散射光强度与CPB的浓度成线性关系,可以在523 nm波长下,对CPB进行测定,线性范围为0.05～0.60μg/mL,检出限为0.0416μg/mL。采用248 nm和424 nm散射强度之比I_(248)/I_(424)代替单波长处的共振光散射强度来测定苋菜红,其线性范围和检出限分别为0.03～1.0μg/mL和3.0 ng/mL。分析结果优于单波长共振光散射法。
5.建立了化学剂量学结合分光光度法同时测定六种农药残留的新方法。在pH 5.0的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,草达津、阿特拉津、西草净、敌草隆、非草隆和敌稗6种除草剂的紫外吸收光谱严重重叠,不经预先分离很难进行单一组分的直接测定。研究中引入主成分回归(PCR)和偏最小二乘法(PLS)等化学计量学方法,对其校正模型进行优化,并成功地应用于6种除草剂混合物复杂体系重叠光谱的解析及其浓度进行同时分析。
Resonance Light Scattering(RLS)is one kind of sensitive and simple analysis technology developing in recent years.This law to pellet size extremely keen, therefore the sensitivity is extremely high,may reach the nanogram level,is the general analysis method difficulty with compares.And RLS can detect solution of non-color change or non-fluorescence change response,thus expanded the biological probe scope,also only need the ordinary fluorescence spectrophotometer,adds it to operate easy,therefore develops in recent years extremely rapidly.There have been more reports of this technology using in big molecule of living things such as protein and nucleic acid.In quantitative analysis aspect of polysaccharide,inorganic ion, organic matter,certain medicines and so on,also has made a better progress,but,this kind of technology applied to the agricultural chemicals and the food additive residual examination is unusually reported.
Resonance Light Scattering,Dual Wavelength Resonance Light Scattering Ratiometry,the Chemometrics technology applied to certain pesticides and the food additives quantitative determination are researched in this article.It has been applied to the determination of the real samples with satisfactory results.
1.A new method of determination of fenvalerate is investigated by RLS, detecting the spectral characteristics of RLS for chromotrope 2R- fenvalerate-β-CD system and optimizing the response condition.In the Britton-Robinson buffer solution of pH2.87,the interaction of ehromotrope 2R with fenvalerate results in enhanced RLS signals at 423 nm,and the interaction was sensitized by theβ-CD.The RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of fenvalerate.The linear range is 0.02～0.50μg/mL,the limit of detection is 0.016μg/mL.The method is simple,rapid and sensitive.It has been applied to the determination of fenvalerate in the real samples.
2.A new method of determination of rudimental prometryne is built.The interaction between bromocresol green and prometryne acidulated with HCl results in enhancing RLS signals at 562 nm,and the interaction was serisitized by the Triton X-100.The RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of prometryne.The linear range is 0.01～0.35μg/mL,the limit of detection is 7.8 ng/mL.The method is simple,rapid and sensitive.It has been applied to the determination of prometryne in the real samples successfully.
3.Had established a Dual Wavelength Resonance Light Scattering Ratiometry technology for the food additive Amaranth and the Methyl violet mutual affects and the analysis examination,including the suitable conditions,influencing factors,and the application of this method,and were compared to single-wavelength resonance light scattering method.The interaction between Methyl violet and Amaranth in the pH1.24 results in enhancing RLS signals at 528nm,and the interaction was sensitized by the Triton X-100.The RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of prometryne.The linear range is 0.05～0.50μg/mL,the limit of detection is 0.0204μg/mL.The resonance light scattering ratiometry I_(417)/I_(343)of 417nm and 343nm was instead of single-wavelength resonance light scattering method to detect Amaranth.The linear range is 0.01～0.60μg/mL,the limit of detection is 0.001μg/mL. From this study,Resonance Light Scattering Dual Wavelength Ratiometry is more suitable to detect Amaranth for its better stability,broader linear range of detection and lower detection limits than single wavelength resonance light scattering method.
4.A dual-wavelength resonance lighting scattering ratiometry was constructed to detect CPB.In the pH1.5 controlled medium,CPB could interact with Bromothymol blue,displaying significantly enhanced RLS signals.By measuring the RLS signals characterized at 523nm and the RLS intensity ratio(I_(248)/I_(424)),respectively,CPB over a wide dynamic range of content could be detected.Using single-wavelength resonance light scattering method could detect CPB over the range of 0.05～0.60μg/mL with the limit of 0.0416μg/mL,while using dual-wavelength resonance lighting scattering ratiometry could detect CPB over the range of 0.03～1.0μg/mL with the limit of 0.003μg/mL.And in comparison with RLS method,this dual-wavelength resonance lighting scattering ratiometry is less affected by environmental conditions such as pH,ionic strength.Thus the latter is obviously superior to the former one.
5.A spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of six herbicides has been investigated and developed.The absorption spectra of six herbicides(trietazine、atrazine、simetryne、diuron、fenuron and propanil)are overlapped seriously in a B-R buffer solution(pH 5.0),and quantitative estimations can not be carried out successfully without a pre-separation.In the research introduced the principal components regression(PCR)and partial least squares(PLS) and other Chemometrics methods,optimized the adjustment model,and successfully applied to resolve the overlapped seriously absorption spectra of six herbicides mixtures.
本文主要对共振光散射技术、双波长比率-共振光散射新技术、化学计量学技术应用于某些农药和食品添加剂定量测定的方法学进行研究,并将建立的模型用于实际样品的测定,取得了比较满意的结果。
1.研究了共振光散射技术定量测定拟除虫菊酯类农药氰戊菊酯残留新方法。考查了变色酸2R-氰戊菊酯-β-环糊精体系的共振光散射光谱特性,并对反应条件进行了优化。在pH 2.87的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,氰戊菊酯与变色酸2R在423 nm处有稳定的共振光散射增强,而β-环糊精进一步敏化该共振光散射强度信号,且散射强度与氰戊菊酯的浓度成线性关系,线性范围为0.02～0.50μg/mL,检出限为0.016μg/mL。该方法简便、快速、灵敏,可用于实际样品中氰戊菊酯的测定。
2.建立了共振光散射技术对均三氮苯类农药扑草净残留测定的新方法。在溴甲酚绿中加入经HCl酸化的扑草净后,共振光散射光谱有明显增强,表面活性剂Triton X-100的加入使光谱强度显著增加,产生最大散射波长为562 nm的共振散射光信号,且散射光强度与扑草净的浓度有很好线性关系,线性范围为0.01～0.35μg/mL,检出限达到7.8 ng/mL。方法灵敏、简便,并成功地用于实际样品中扑草净的测定。
3.建立了分析检测食品添加剂苋菜红与甲基紫相互作用的共振光散射-双波长比率新方法。考察了该方法的适宜条件、影响因素和实际应用,并与单波长共振光散射法进行比较。在pH为1.24的条件下加入苋菜红后甲基紫的共振光散射光谱有明显增强,一定浓度的非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100的加入使缔合物的散射强度进一步增加,最大散射峰位于528nm,且散射光强度与苋菜红的浓度成线性关系,可以通过单波长共振光散射法检测苋菜红,该方法的线性范围和检出限分别为0.05～0.50μg/mL和0.0204μg/mL。实验中采用343 nm和417nm散射强度之比I_(417)/I_(343)代替单波长处的共振光散射强度检测苋菜红,其线性范围和检出限分别为0.01～0.60μg/mL和1.0 ng/mL。研究发现,共振光散射双波长比率法较之单波长共振光散射法有更好的稳定性、更宽的检测线性范围和更低的检出限,更适用于样品中苋菜红的测定。
4.研究了共振光散射-双波长比率新方法用于阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基吡啶的定量分析。在pH为1.5的条件下,溴化十六烷基吡啶(CPB)与溴百里酚蓝(BTB)相互作用,使共振光散射光谱信号明显增强,最大散射峰位于523nm,且散射光强度与CPB的浓度成线性关系,可以在523 nm波长下,对CPB进行测定,线性范围为0.05～0.60μg/mL,检出限为0.0416μg/mL。采用248 nm和424 nm散射强度之比I_(248)/I_(424)代替单波长处的共振光散射强度来测定苋菜红,其线性范围和检出限分别为0.03～1.0μg/mL和3.0 ng/mL。分析结果优于单波长共振光散射法。
5.建立了化学剂量学结合分光光度法同时测定六种农药残留的新方法。在pH 5.0的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,草达津、阿特拉津、西草净、敌草隆、非草隆和敌稗6种除草剂的紫外吸收光谱严重重叠,不经预先分离很难进行单一组分的直接测定。研究中引入主成分回归(PCR)和偏最小二乘法(PLS)等化学计量学方法,对其校正模型进行优化,并成功地应用于6种除草剂混合物复杂体系重叠光谱的解析及其浓度进行同时分析。
Resonance Light Scattering(RLS)is one kind of sensitive and simple analysis technology developing in recent years.This law to pellet size extremely keen, therefore the sensitivity is extremely high,may reach the nanogram level,is the general analysis method difficulty with compares.And RLS can detect solution of non-color change or non-fluorescence change response,thus expanded the biological probe scope,also only need the ordinary fluorescence spectrophotometer,adds it to operate easy,therefore develops in recent years extremely rapidly.There have been more reports of this technology using in big molecule of living things such as protein and nucleic acid.In quantitative analysis aspect of polysaccharide,inorganic ion, organic matter,certain medicines and so on,also has made a better progress,but,this kind of technology applied to the agricultural chemicals and the food additive residual examination is unusually reported.
Resonance Light Scattering,Dual Wavelength Resonance Light Scattering Ratiometry,the Chemometrics technology applied to certain pesticides and the food additives quantitative determination are researched in this article.It has been applied to the determination of the real samples with satisfactory results.
1.A new method of determination of fenvalerate is investigated by RLS, detecting the spectral characteristics of RLS for chromotrope 2R- fenvalerate-β-CD system and optimizing the response condition.In the Britton-Robinson buffer solution of pH2.87,the interaction of ehromotrope 2R with fenvalerate results in enhanced RLS signals at 423 nm,and the interaction was sensitized by theβ-CD.The RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of fenvalerate.The linear range is 0.02～0.50μg/mL,the limit of detection is 0.016μg/mL.The method is simple,rapid and sensitive.It has been applied to the determination of fenvalerate in the real samples.
2.A new method of determination of rudimental prometryne is built.The interaction between bromocresol green and prometryne acidulated with HCl results in enhancing RLS signals at 562 nm,and the interaction was serisitized by the Triton X-100.The RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of prometryne.The linear range is 0.01～0.35μg/mL,the limit of detection is 7.8 ng/mL.The method is simple,rapid and sensitive.It has been applied to the determination of prometryne in the real samples successfully.
3.Had established a Dual Wavelength Resonance Light Scattering Ratiometry technology for the food additive Amaranth and the Methyl violet mutual affects and the analysis examination,including the suitable conditions,influencing factors,and the application of this method,and were compared to single-wavelength resonance light scattering method.The interaction between Methyl violet and Amaranth in the pH1.24 results in enhancing RLS signals at 528nm,and the interaction was sensitized by the Triton X-100.The RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of prometryne.The linear range is 0.05～0.50μg/mL,the limit of detection is 0.0204μg/mL.The resonance light scattering ratiometry I_(417)/I_(343)of 417nm and 343nm was instead of single-wavelength resonance light scattering method to detect Amaranth.The linear range is 0.01～0.60μg/mL,the limit of detection is 0.001μg/mL. From this study,Resonance Light Scattering Dual Wavelength Ratiometry is more suitable to detect Amaranth for its better stability,broader linear range of detection and lower detection limits than single wavelength resonance light scattering method.
4.A dual-wavelength resonance lighting scattering ratiometry was constructed to detect CPB.In the pH1.5 controlled medium,CPB could interact with Bromothymol blue,displaying significantly enhanced RLS signals.By measuring the RLS signals characterized at 523nm and the RLS intensity ratio(I_(248)/I_(424)),respectively,CPB over a wide dynamic range of content could be detected.Using single-wavelength resonance light scattering method could detect CPB over the range of 0.05～0.60μg/mL with the limit of 0.0416μg/mL,while using dual-wavelength resonance lighting scattering ratiometry could detect CPB over the range of 0.03～1.0μg/mL with the limit of 0.003μg/mL.And in comparison with RLS method,this dual-wavelength resonance lighting scattering ratiometry is less affected by environmental conditions such as pH,ionic strength.Thus the latter is obviously superior to the former one.
5.A spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of six herbicides has been investigated and developed.The absorption spectra of six herbicides(trietazine、atrazine、simetryne、diuron、fenuron and propanil)are overlapped seriously in a B-R buffer solution(pH 5.0),and quantitative estimations can not be carried out successfully without a pre-separation.In the research introduced the principal components regression(PCR)and partial least squares(PLS) and other Chemometrics methods,optimized the adjustment model,and successfully applied to resolve the overlapped seriously absorption spectra of six herbicides mixtures.
引文
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